Hi - I pulled a few more books down from my shelf and see the same again: Alexander Solzhenitsyn has a copyright for his original work. The translator Michael Glenny also has a copyright for his translation (into English). Publisher Bodley Head (holds no copyright) >From another book: Wilfried Strik-Strikfeld has his copyright to his history. The translator David Footman also has a copyright to his translation into English. Publisher MacMillan (holds no copyright) I suppose it all boils down to money: who pays whom and what the conditions are in the contract and the small print at the bottom. Russian books are usually festooned with 3 copyrights: - author + publisher + academic institute. Pleve's books in Russian have 3 copyrights (but not his charts). I R Pleve (author) + International society of German culture (probably sponsors) + Publisher (Gotik in this case.) Vera Beljakova-Miller Vera