List A small set of Venezuelan mtDNA sequences has appeared on the genBank databae. They accompany the paper (abstract below): Lee,E.J. and Merriwether,D.A. 'Identification of Whole Mitochondrial Genomes from Venezuela and Implications on Regional Phylogenies in South America' Hum. Biol. 87 (1), 29-38 (2015) The sequence belong to Haplogroups: A, A2, B2l, c1b, C1c, C1d1 and D1 As usual I have added the sequences to my 'Checker' program to ensure accuracy of transcription. Ian www.ianlogan.co.uk --------------------------- Abstract Recent studies have expanded and refined the founding haplogroups of the Americas using whole mitochondrial (mtDNA) genome analysis. In addition to pan-American lineages, specific variants have been identified in a number of studies that show higher frequencies in restricted geographical areas. To further characterize Native American maternal lineages and specifically examine local patterns within South America, we analyzed 12 maternally unrelated Yekuana whole mtDNA genomes from one village (Sharamaña) that include the four major Native American haplogroups A2, B2, C1, and D1. Based on our results, we propose a reconfiguration of one subhaplogroup A2 (A2aa) that is specific to South America and identify other singleton branches across the four haplogroups. Furthermore, we show nucleotide diversity values that increase from north to south for haplogroups C1 and D1. The results from our work add to the growing mitogenomic data that highlight local phylogenies and support the rapid genetic differentiation of South American populations, which has been correlated with the linguistic diversity in the region by previous studies. ------------- KM656453(Venezuela) Lee Haplogroup B2l 14-OCT-2015 A73G G207A A263G 309.1C 315.1C G499A G513A C522- A523- A750G A827G A1438G A2706G A3547G A3721G A4769G G4820A T4977C C6473T C7028T T7238C C8281- C8282- C8283- C8284- C8285- T8286- C8287- T8288- A8289- A8860G T9950C C11177T G11719A A12490G A13200T G13590A C14766T A15326G C15535T A16183- T16189C 16193.1C T16217C T16288C T16311C T16422C T16519C KM656454(Venezuela) Lee Haplogroup B2l 14-OCT-2015 A73G G207A A263G 309.1C 315.1C G499A G513A C522- A523- A750G A827G A1438G A2706G A3547G A3721G A4769G G4820A T4977C C6473T C7028T T7238C C8281- C8282- C8283- C8284- C8285- T8286- C8287- T8288- A8289- A8860G T9950C C11177T G11719A A12490G A13200T G13590A C14766T A15326G C15535T A16183- T16189C 16193.1C T16217C T16288C T16311C T16422C T16519C KM656455(Venezuela) Lee Haplogroup C1c 14-OCT-2015 A73G T146C A249- A263G A290- A291- 315.1C T489C A750G A1438G G1888A A2362G A2706G T3552A C4052T A4715G A4769G C7028T C7196A T8310C T8380C A8565G G8584A A8701G A8860G T9540C A9545G A10398G C10400T T10873C G11719A G11914A C12705T A13263G T14318C C14766T T14783C G15043A G15301A A15326G A15487T G15930A C16223T T16298C T16325C C16327T KM656456(Venezuela) Lee Haplogroup C1d1 14-OCT-2015 A73G C150T A189G A249- A263G A290- A291- 309.1C 315.1C T489C A750G C1100T A1438G A2706G T3552A A4715G A4769G G5231A C7028T C7196A G7697A G8584A A8701G A8860G G9053A T9540C A9545G A10398G C10400T C10619T G10646A T10873C G11719A G11914A G12501A C12705T T14318C C14766T T14783C G15043A G15301A A15326G A15487T A15758G A16051G T16189C T16298C T16325C C16327T T16519C KM656457(Venezuela) Lee Haplogroup A2 14-OCT-2015 C64T A73G G143A T146C A153G A235G A263G 309.1C 315.1C A663G A750G A1438G A1736G A2706G T4248C A4769G A4824G C7028T G8027A A8491G C8794T A8860G T10237C G11719A G12007A C12568T C12705T C12858T C14766T A15326G C16111T C16223T C16266T C16290T G16319A T16362C KM656458(Venezuela) Lee Haplogroup A2 14-OCT-2015 C64T A73G G143A T146C A153G A235G A263G 309.1C 315.1C A663G A750G C1100T A1438G A1736G A2706G C3495G T4248C A4769G A4824G C6371T C7028T G8027A A8491G C8794T A8860G T10237C G11719A G12007A C12705T C12858T C14766T A15326G C16111T C16223T C16266T C16290T G16319A T16362C KM656459(Venezuela) Lee Haplogroup A 14-OCT-2015 C64T A73G T146C A153G A235G A263G T279C 309.1C 315.1C C522- A523- A663G A750G A1438G A1736G T2267G A2706G G3834A T4248C A4769G T6842C C7028T G8027A C8794T A8860G G11719A G12007A A12509M C12705T C14766T A15218G A15244G A15326G C16223T C16290T G16319A T16362C G16526A KM656460(Venezuela) Lee Haplogroup C1b 14-OCT-2015 A73G T146C A249- A263G A290- A291- 309.1C 315.1C T489C A493G C522- A523- A750G A1438G A2706G T3552A T4454C A4715G A4769G G6267A C7028T C7196A G8584A T8634C A8701G A8860G A8901G T9540C A9545G A10398G C10400T T10873C G11719A G11914A C12705T A13263G T14318C C14766T T14783C G15043A G15301A A15326G A15487T T16092C C16223T C16256T T16298C T16325C C16327T T16362C KM656461(Venezuela) Lee Haplogroup C1b 14-OCT-2015 A73G A249- A263G A290- A291- 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C T489C A493G C522- A523- A750G A1438G A2706G T3552A A4715G A4769G T6278C C7028T C7196A G7853A G8584A A8701G A8860G G8896A A9359G T9540C A9545G A10398G C10400T T10873C G11719A G11914A C12505T C12705T A13263G C13521T C13802T T14318C C14766T T14783C G15043A G15301A A15326G A15487T C16223T T16298C A16309G A16317G T16325C C16327T KM656462(Venezuela) Lee Haplogroup A 14-OCT-2015 C64T A73G T146C A235G A263G 315.1C C338T C522- A523- A663G A750G A1438G A1736G A2706G T4248C A4769G A4824G C5456T G6734A C7028T G8027A C8794T A8860G C10631Y G11719A G12007A C12705T T13437C C14766T A15326G A15924G C16111T C16188T T16189C C16223T A16240G C16290T G16319A T16362C T16381C KM656463(Venezuela) Lee Haplogroup D1 14-OCT-2015 T57C T58G 60.1T A73G A263G 309.1C 315.1C T482C T489C A750G A1438G C2092T A2706G G3010A A4769G C4883T C5178A G5585A T5786C C7028T C8414T A8701G A8860G T9540C A10398G C10400T T10873C G11719A C12568T C12705T A14280G G14384A C14668T C14766T T14783C G15043A G15301A A15326G C16223T T16325C T16362C KM656464(Venezuela) Lee Haplogroup C1b 14-OCT-2015 A73G A249- A263G A290- A291- 309.1C 315.1C T489C A493G C522- A523- A750G A1438G A2706G T3552A A4715G A4769G C6228T T6278C C7028T C7196A G7853A G8584A A8701G A8860G G8896A A9359G T9540C A9545G A10398G C10400T T10873C G11719A G11914A C12705T A13263G C13521T C13802T T14318C C14766T T14783C G15043A G15301A A15326G A15487T C16223T T16298C A16309G A16317G T16325C C16327T