Hello Anne, RE:  > "The Chen case you mentioned was based on Y STRs, not CODIS (autosomal STRs)." Thank you. And the court convicted Chen because it was told that he was a DNA match. While we have "a" probability (theory) on CODIS markers, I do not know what that would be for Y-DNA, although I understand that that has been worked out by halpotype group by some organizations. I believe that probability (of CODIS marker identification, one in 3 million) would be meant to apply to unrelated individuals in a population. I would not understand if 3 million out of 300 million would be the equivalent of one in 100.... My thoughts were more along the lines of what was missing in this discussion was the chance that two related people would have identical DNA profiles. For example, we do not know how many 4th cousins may share identical CODIS markers, as I do not think that topic has ever been studied in any depth. Which, of course, leads me to have problems with familial testing. The thought occurred to me most here would not know why the CODIS markers were upgraded to 20 markers. If memory serves me, I think I read somewhere that there were 250 CODIS type markers available. At any rate, I am not sure that statistics on CODIS marker accuracy are kept anywhere. The Innocence Project states that 45% of their exonerations involved misapplication of forensic science, but DNA is only a subset of that statistic. Which is to say, although statistics have been used for formulating CODIS markers (for use), I have not yet seen statistics regarding performance under practical use. If interested in the stats on which markers to use, see "NIST builds statistical foundation for next-generation forensic DNA profiling" https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/07/180723132034.htm So now, here we are, with law enforcement using CODIS asking us to believe that a person is guilty because that person may be a match. Much like the Chen case. My thoughts are that we do not know much more about CODIS markers than the court knew about Y-DNA (in the Chen case). Personally, I did not want to discuss microscopic DNA, because when I start looking at that stuff, it gets messy very quickly. There is a good paper by John Butler regarding his thoughts on forensic DNA analysis: "The future of forensic DNA analysis" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4580997/  - Dave Hamm On 11/27/2018, Ann Turner wrote: > The Chen case you mentioned was based on Y STRs, not CODIS (autosomal > STRs). There was the additional complicating factor of the sample having a > mixture of contributors. The analysis of DNA mixtures is controversial in > general. Another problematic sample type is low copy number DNA ("touch" > DNA). Prosecution of cases like this would be challenged by defense > attorneys, and convictions should be based on the weight of other types of > evidence. > > Ann Turner > > On Tue, Nov 27, 2018 at 6:14 AM Dave Hamm via GENEALOGY-DNA < > genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com> wrote: > >> WJohnson, >> >> Easy for you to say, without citing any sources. >> >> One of the examples I gave was regarding the CODIS markers, which is the >> DNA used for conviction in court. >> >> That happens regardless of the type of DNA samples have been examined. >> >> The CODIS markers convicted Chen, and the jury ignored the remaining >> evidence. >> >> "Five years later, Chen was exonerated when a second DNA test that found >> he was not a match after all. In the years he lived as a convicted >> rapist, he had lost his wife, his business and most of his life." >> >> Gizmodo: >> >> "When Bad DNA Tests Lead to False Convictions" >> >> https://gizmodo.com/when-bad-dna-tests-lead-to-false-convictions-1797915655 >> >> His original 17 genetic markers were overturned when testing more >> markers showed that he was not a match. >> >> This was not sloppy police work, this was the presumption that DNA >> analysis is accurate to within millions of suspects. This was at a time >> when 13 CODIS markers were believed to be accurate to one in millions. >> >> In Chen's case, CODIS was not accurate to within one bar that night. A >> cynic could presume that means nearly doubling the number of markers to >> 20 CODIS markers would not be not accurate to the people within two >> night clubs. (... snip)

List And the 3rd. page. Ian www.ianlogan.co.uk -------------------------------------- MH448997(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup F1g1 24-NOV-2018 A73G A249- A263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C C522- A523- A750G A1438G C2389T A2706G C2889T T3398C T3621C C3970T A4769G T6392C G6962A C7028T A8860G G10310A T10609C G11719A G12406A C12882T G13928C C14766T A15326G G16129A A16183- T16189C 16193.1C T16304C T16519C MH448998(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup G 24-NOV-2018 A73G A153G A183G A263G 309.1C 315.1C T489C G709A A750G A1438G C1959T A2706G C2772T C3342T A4769G A4833G T5108C A5222G C7028T A8701G A8860G T9540C A10286G A10398G C10400T T10873C T11410C G11719A A12397G C12705T T14530C G14569A C14766T T14783C G14905A G15043A G15301A A15326G T16086C T16092C C16223T T16362C T16519C MH448999(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup F1a1a 24-NOV-2018 A73G T195C A249- A263G 309.1C 315.1C C522- A523- A750G G930A A1438G A2706G C3970T C4086T A4769G T6392C G6962A C7028T A8149G A8860G G9053A G9548A G10310A T10609C G11719A G12406A C12882T G13759A G13928C C14766T A15326G C16108T G16129A A16162G T16172C C16256T T16304C T16519C MH449000(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup C7a 24-NOV-2018 A73G A249- A263G 309.1C 315.1C T489C A750G A1438G A2706G T3552A A4715G A4769G G5821A A6338G C7028T C7196A G7853A G8584A A8701G A8860G T9540C A9545G A10398G C10400T T10873C G11719A G11914A C12705T A13263G C14030T T14318C C14766T T14783C G15043A G15301A A15326G A15487T C16187T C16223T T16298C C16327T T16519C MH449001(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup C7a 24-NOV-2018 A73G A249- A263G 309.1C 315.1C T489C A750G A1438G A2706G T3552A A4715G A4769G G5821A A6338G C7028T C7196A G7853A G8584A A8701G A8860G T9540C A9545G A10398G C10400T T10873C G11719A G11914A C12705T A13263G C14030T T14318C C14766T T14783C G15043A G15301A A15326G A15487T T16172C C16187T C16223T T16298C C16327T T16519C MH449002(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup B5a1c1a 24-NOV-2018 A73G A210G T252C A263G 315.1C C522- A523- T593C G709A A750G A1438G A2706G A3537G A4769G G5237A C6960T C7028T C8281- C8282- C8283- C8284- C8285- T8286- C8287- T8288- A8289- G8584A A8860G T9950C G10325A A10398G A10523G G11719A C14766T A15235G A15326G T16140C A16182- A16183- T16189C 16193.1C 16193.2C C16266A T16519C MH449003(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup G 24-NOV-2018 A73G A153G A183G A263G 309.1C 315.1C T489C G709A A750G A1438G C1959T A2706G C2772T C3342T A4769G A4833G T5108C A5222G C7028T 8289.1C 8289.2C 8289.3C 8289.4C 8289.5C 8289.6T 8289.7C 8289.8T 8289.9A A8701G A8860G T9540C A10286G A10398G C10400T T10873C T11410C G11719A A12397G C12705T T14530C G14569A C14766T T14783C G14905A G15043A G15301A A15326G T16086C T16092C C16223T T16362C T16519C MH449004(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup F1a1a 24-NOV-2018 A73G C150T T195C A249- A263G 315.1C C522- A523- A750G G930A A1438G A2706G A3395G C3970T C4086T A4769G T6392C G6962A C7028T A8149G A8860G G9053A G9548A G10310A T10609C G11719A G12406A C12882T G13759A T13768C G13928C C14766T A15326G G15596A C16108T C16111T G16129A A16162G T16172C T16304C T16519C MH449005(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup F1a4a1 24-NOV-2018 A73G T152C A249- A263G 309.1C 315.1C C520- A521- C522- A523- A750G A1438G A2706G C3970T C4086T A4769G A5102G G5985A T6392C G6962A C7028T A8860G G9053A G9548A G10310A T10609C G11719A G12406A C12882T A13422G G13759A G13928C C14766T A15326G T15445C G16129A T16172C C16294T T16304C T16362C T16519C MH449006(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup B6a 24-NOV-2018 A73G C150T A263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C 523.1C 523.2A A750G T1193C A1438G A2706G A4769G C5893T A5894T C7028T C8281- C8282- C8283- C8284- C8285- T8286- C8287- T8288- A8289- A8701G A8860G G9452A C10849T G11719A G11914A A12950G G13928C G14305A C14766T A15326G C16179T A16182- A16183- T16189C 16193.1C 16193.2C MH449007(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup B4a1c4 24-NOV-2018 A73G T146C A263G 309.1C 315.1C C522- A523- G709A A750G A1438G A2706G A4769G T5465C C7028T C8281- C8282- C8283- C8284- C8285- T8286- C8287- T8288- A8289- A8860G G9123A T10238C G11719A A12904G C14766T A15326G T16093C A16182- A16183- 16188.1C 16193.1C 16193.2C C16214T T16217C C16261T T16519C MH449008(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup B4h 24-NOV-2018 A73G A263G 309.1C 315.1C C522- A523- A750G A1438G A2706G C3954T A4769G T5093C C7028T C8281- C8282- C8283- C8284- C8285- T8286- C8287- T8288- A8289- A8860G G9554A T10410C G11719A A13269G C13967T C14766T T14968C A15326G A15924G G16129A A16182- A16183- T16189C 16193.1C 16193.2C T16217C C16261T MH449009(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup B6a 24-NOV-2018 A73G C150T A263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C 523.1C 523.2A A750G T1193C A1438G A2706G A4769G C5893T A5894T C7028T C8281- C8282- C8283- C8284- C8285- T8286- C8287- T8288- A8289- A8701G A8860G G9452A C10849T G11719A G11914A A12950G G13928C G14305A C14766T A15326G C16179T A16182- A16183- T16189C 16193.1C 16193.2C MH449010(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup G1a1 24-NOV-2018 A73G A200G A263G 309.1C 315.1C T489C C522- A523- G709A A750G A1438G T1694C A2706G C4694A A4769G A4833G T5108C C6668T C7028T C7867T T8200C A8701G A8860G T9540C A10398G C10400T A10658G T10873C G11719A C12705T G14569A C14766T T14783C G15043A G15301A G15323A A15326G G15497A A15860G C16223T T16325C C16355T T16362C T16519C MH449011(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup F1a1a 24-NOV-2018 A73G T195C A249- A263G 309.1C 315.1C C522- A523- A750G G930A A1438G A2706G C3970T C4086T A4769G T6392C G6962A C7028T A8149G A8860G G9053A G9548A G10310A T10609C G11719A G12406A C12882T G13759A G13928C C14766T A15326G C16108T G16129A A16162G T16172C C16256T T16304C T16519C MH449012(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup B4h 24-NOV-2018 A73G A263G 309.1C 315.1C C522- A523- A750G A1438G A2706G C3954T A4769G T5093C C7028T C8281- C8282- C8283- C8284- C8285- T8286- C8287- T8288- A8289- A8860G G9554A T10410C G11719A A13269G C13967T C14766T T14968C A15326G A15924G G16129A A16182- A16183- T16189C 16193.1C 16193.2C T16217C C16261T MH449013(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup F1a1a 24-NOV-2018 A73G T195C A249- A263G 309.1C 315.1C C522- A523- A750G G930A A1438G A2706G C3970T C4086T A4769G T6392C G6962A C7028T A8149G A8860G G9053A G9548A G10310A T10609C G11719A G12406A C12882T G13759A G13928C C14766T A15326G C16108T G16129A A16162G T16172C C16256T T16304C T16519C MH449014(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup B6a 24-NOV-2018 A73G C150T A263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C A750G T1193C A1438G A2706G A4769G A5894- C5899- C7028T C8281- C8282- C8283- C8284- C8285- T8286- C8287- T8288- A8289- A8701G A8860G G9452A C10849T G11719A G11914A A12950G G13928C G14305A C14766T A15326G T16093C C16179T A16182- A16183- T16189C 16193.1C 16193.2C MH449015(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup F1a1a 24-NOV-2018 A73G T195C A249- A263G 309.1C 315.1C C522- A523- A750G G930A A1438G A2706G C3970T C4086T A4769G T6392C G6962A C7028T A8149G A8860G G9053A G9548A G10310A T10609C G11719A G12406A C12882T G13759A G13928C C14766T A15326G C16108T G16129A A16162G T16172C C16256T T16304C T16519C MH449016(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup F1a1a 24-NOV-2018 A73G T195C A249- A263G 309.1C 315.1C C522- A523- A750G G930A A1438G A2706G C3970T C4086T A4769G T6392C G6962A C7028T A8149G A8860G G9053A G9548A G10310A T10609C G11719A G12406A C12882T G13759A G13928C C14766T A15326G C16108T G16129A A16162G T16172C C16256T T16304C T16519C MH449017(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup C7a 24-NOV-2018 A73G A249- A263G 309.1C 315.1C T489C A750G A1438G A2706G T3552A A4715G A4769G G5821A A6338G C7028T C7196A G7853A G8584A A8701G A8860G T9540C A9545G A10398G C10400T T10873C G11719A G11914A C12705T A13263G C14030T T14318C C14766T T14783C G15043A G15301A A15326G A15487T C16187T C16223T T16298C C16327T T16519C MH449018(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup F1a1a 24-NOV-2018 A73G T195C A249- A263G 309.1C 315.1C C522- A523- A750G G930A A1438G A2706G C3970T C4086T A4769G T6392C G6962A C7028T A8149G A8860G G9053A G9548A G10310A T10609C G11719A G12406A C12882T G13759A G13928C C14766T A15326G C16108T G16129A A16162G T16172C C16256T T16304C T16519C MH449019(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup B6a 24-NOV-2018 A73G C150T A263G A750G T1193C A1438G A2706G A4769G A5894- C5899- C7028T C8281- C8282- C8283- C8284- C8285- T8286- C8287- T8288- A8289- A8701G A8860G G9452A C10849T G11719A G11914A A12950G G13928C G14305A C14766T A15326G T16093C C16179T A16182- A16183- T16189C 16193.1C 16193.2C MH449020(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup B4a1c4 24-NOV-2018 A73G T146C A263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C C522- A523- G709A A750G A1438G A2706G A4769G T5465C C7028T C8281- C8282- C8283- C8284- C8285- T8286- C8287- T8288- A8289- A8860G G9123A T10238C G11719A A12904G C14766T A15326G T16093C A16182- A16183- 16188.1C 16193.1C C16214T T16217C C16261T T16519C MH449021(Vietnam) Nong Haplogroup R9b1a3 24-NOV-2018 A73G T152C A263G 309.1C 309.2C 315.1C C522- A523- A750G A1438G T1541C A2706G C3204T G3316A C3970T A4769G T6815C C7028T A8860G G11719A T12714C G13928C C14664T C14766T A15326G C16192T T16304C A16309G G16390A T16519C

I see the authors also mention endonuclease G in the discussion section. This article is going to spawn a lot of research! Ann Turner On Tue, Nov 27, 2018 at 1:17 PM <bps@norvic8.force9.co.uk> wrote: > One of the references on the ISOGG Facebook page was to a Science article > from 2016 - Mitochondrial endonuclease G mediates breakdown of paternal > mitochondria upon fertilization [Science, Vol. 353, p. 394, 22 July 2016]. > > I think this was studied in C. Elegans spermatozoa - not necessary the > best model to humans! > > However, as almost any protein can have genetic mutations in it at some > stage - could deficiencies in the structure of the endonuclease G > equivalent in the human situation result in less than optimal destruction > of those male mitochondria? > > Brian > > -----Original Message----- > From: realmac--- via GENEALOGY-DNA <genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com> > Sent: 27 November 2018 17:06 > To: genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com > Cc: realmac@aol.com > Subject: [DNA] Re: Paternal transmission pf mtDNA to offspring in humans > > I had to laugh when I reached the passage in the article explaining the > "central dogma" of mitochondrial DNA transmission. "Central dogmas" > usually turn out to have exceptions, and are eventually superseded by more > nuanced paradigms. We should have learned that from previous "central > dogmas". > > From the observation that a particular case of mitochondrial heteroplasmy > is a 60%/40% mixture of maternal and paternal DNA, it would be wrong to > suppose (without evidence) that that ratio was actually the ratio of > mitochondrial contributions from both parents in the original zygote. To > make that conclusion, we would have to assume that both maternal and > paternal mitochondria have survived and multiplied at exactly the same rate > through the course of development and successive generations. That's not > the sort of assumption that should be made lightly, at least not without > being discussed explicitly. > > Question for the group, is mitochondrial heteroplasmy, when present, > accurately detected and reported by our favorite vendors? > > John McCoy(RealMac@aol.com) > In a message dated 11/27/2018 8:55:22 AM Pacific Standard Time, > msvnhrn@jps.net writes: > > Here is the article: > > https://www.sciencealert.com/radical-findings-shows-mitochondrial-dna-can-be-inherited-from-dads-after-all > Marleen Van Horne > _______________________________________________Email preferences: > http://bit.ly/rootswebprefUnsubscribe > https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.comPrivacy > Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: > https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blogRootsWeb is > funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community > > _______________________________________________ > Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref Unsubscribe > https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com > Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: > https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog RootsWeb > is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community > > _______________________________________________ > Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref > Unsubscribe > https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com > Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: > https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 > Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog > RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb > community >

Ann I haven't seen the actual paper - so I cannot comment fully. But here are my thoughts about a couple of the points. There are 46,234 complete mtDNA seqences on the GenBank database using the search  - "homo sapiens" [organism] "complete genome" mitochondrion (of which about 1,000 are duplicates). Heteroplasmy occurs in very few sequences - and most times when it occurs it is in very predictable places. For example: T152Y is reported 54 times and T16093Y is reported 154 times. And when heteroplasmy is found in a coding region bases, it is often seen to be preamble to a full mutation appearing in the next generation. So overall, when heteroplasmy is reported, there does not appear to be any real significance to the finding. Ann mentions 4 particular sequences; and these are clearly the results of poor sequencing. What therefore is being reported by the Chinese researchers in their paper ? Especially when the paper appears to have the approval of Douglas C. Wallace. Is this paternal transmission ? Or is it transgenerational transmission ? I am actually not against 'transgenerational transmission' as I have been trying to collect data about 'polycythemia vera'; and in this disease I think there might be unusual features in the mtDNA. It would be interesting to know if FTDNA has ever found any 'mixed' sequences. Their tally today is 154,965 FGS tests ! Ian ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- On 28/11/2018 04:01, Ann Turner wrote: > I figured out a way to count heteroplasmic sequences in my spreadsheet of > GenBank sequences. The overall rate is about 5%, mostly at one site with a > few at two or three sites. Four sequences were clearly outliers in the > number of heteroplasmic sites > > EF446784: 21 > EF488201: 23 > KX467286: 13 > KX467324: 20 > > If you want to look these up, follow this model for a query: > > https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/EF446784 > > The first two were the only sequences submitted by a group in Indonesia and > are clearly contaminated, as many of the same sites were heteroplasmic. > > The second two were part of a large number of sequences from India. They > did not accompany a publication, so it's unknown whether they addressed the > issue. > > So two out of 46,000 are candidates for further investigation. > > Ann Turner > > On Tue, Nov 27, 2018 at 8:55 AM Ann Turner <dnacousins@gmail.com> wrote: > >> GenBank has many records apart from mtDNA whole genome sequences. About >> 46,000 of those are mtDNA. What we would expect to see is an unusually high >> number of heteroplasmic sites (coded with a letter other than A, C, G, or >> T. I'll ponder a method to detect this in my personal database of sequences >> if Ian hasn't already checked this. >> >> Ann Turner >> >> On Tue, Nov 27, 2018 at 8:40 AM H W <hughes_williams@hotmail.com> wrote: >> >>> Hi, Ian. The PNAS early-release paper yesterday regarding detected >>> biparental inheritance of mtDNA ( >>> http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/11/21/1810946115) made me think >>> back a few weeks to a post of yours that indicated only about one mtDNA >>> sequence in 500 that comes into GenBank is recognizable by its having any >>> special feature.

I figured out a way to count heteroplasmic sequences in my spreadsheet of GenBank sequences. The overall rate is about 5%, mostly at one site with a few at two or three sites. Four sequences were clearly outliers in the number of heteroplasmic sites EF446784: 21 EF488201: 23 KX467286: 13 KX467324: 20 If you want to look these up, follow this model for a query: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/EF446784 The first two were the only sequences submitted by a group in Indonesia and are clearly contaminated, as many of the same sites were heteroplasmic. The second two were part of a large number of sequences from India. They did not accompany a publication, so it's unknown whether they addressed the issue. So two out of 46,000 are candidates for further investigation. Ann Turner On Tue, Nov 27, 2018 at 8:55 AM Ann Turner <dnacousins@gmail.com> wrote: > GenBank has many records apart from mtDNA whole genome sequences. About > 46,000 of those are mtDNA. What we would expect to see is an unusually high > number of heteroplasmic sites (coded with a letter other than A, C, G, or > T. I'll ponder a method to detect this in my personal database of sequences > if Ian hasn't already checked this. > > Ann Turner > > On Tue, Nov 27, 2018 at 8:40 AM H W <hughes_williams@hotmail.com> wrote: > >> Hi, Ian. The PNAS early-release paper yesterday regarding detected >> biparental inheritance of mtDNA ( >> http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/11/21/1810946115) made me think >> back a few weeks to a post of yours that indicated only about one mtDNA >> sequence in 500 that comes into GenBank is recognizable by its having any >> special feature. >> >> I looked at GenBank's statistics but I'm not certain I can differentiate >> the number of fully-sequenced mtDNA results on file. Do you have that >> number on the top of your head? Don't look it up, please; just a very >> informal guesstimate for personal curiosity, and I won't quote you on it. >> :-) >> >> Just wondering, really, about Taosheng Huang's estimate that biparental >> mtDNA may be present in as many as 1 in every 5,000 people. With the huge >> spike that began in 2003 of WGS tests cataloged at GenBank (from what I >> gather: 593,801 in Aug 2003 to 722,438,528 as of last 15 Oct), it just >> seems like such significant heteroplasmy would have been detected by now if >> 1:5,000 was a possible ratio. >> >> Thanks, Ian! >> >> -----Original Message----- >> Date: Tue, 27 Nov 2018 10:55:55 +0000 >> From: Ian Logan <ianlogan22@btinternet.com> >> Subject: [DNA] New mtDNA sequences from Viet Nam on the GenBank >> database (1 of 25) >> >> List >> >> A set of over 600 mtDNA sequences from Viet Nam has appeared on the >> GenBank database. They accompany the paper: >> >> Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 3;8(1):11651. 'Complete human mtDNA genome sequences >> from Vietnam and the phylogeography of Mainland Southeast Asia' Duong NT, >> Macholdt E, et al. >> ... >> >> >> _______________________________________________ >> Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref >> Unsubscribe >> https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com >> Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: >> https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 >> Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog >> RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb >> community >> >

This objection is easily overcome Not only do you test the subject, you also test their parent, sibling, nephew, etc to prove that the original kit was not contaminated. -----Original Message----- From: McDonald, J Douglas <jdmcdona@illinois.edu> To: genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com <genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com> Cc: odoniv@yahoo.com <odoniv@yahoo.com>; Wjhonson <wjhonson@aol.com> Sent: Tue, Nov 27, 2018 6:21 pm Subject: [DNA] Re: Use of familial search by law enforcement Autosomal DNA tests, of the 700,000 marker sort used by the commerical companies, can never result in a false positive ***IF*** 1) no identical twin exists (there are tests that can tell them apart) 2) both samples are uncontaminated But for criminal purposes the 2nd is very very frequently not true. If a sample is contaminated, the chip tests can be useless. A high coverage (100x) Illumina full sequence of both samples would be better. Better yet would be a 100x long read (10xgenomics or the lastest claimed 99% accurate PacBio) full sequence, of the possibly contaminated sample. CODIS tests are just not extensive enough to be reliable for contaminated samples. If the CODIS (STR) idea had say 200 markers instead of the CODIS number (12???) then it would be better. Without that, I as a juror would be very leery unless there was clearly no possibility of contamination. Doug McDonald ________________________________ From: Wjhonson via GENEALOGY-DNA <genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com> Subject: [DNA] Re: Use of familial search by law enforcement The entire basis of this thread is to counter the outrageous claim that the type of *autosomal* DNA which is loaded to gedmatch could *EVER* result in a false positive. It can *never* result in a false positive.  Autosomal DNA is so precise it can tell parent from child, sibling from sibling, cousin from cousin.  There is no such thing as a false positive. _______________________________________________ Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref Unsubscribe https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community

Autosomal DNA tests, of the 700,000 marker sort used by the commerical companies, can never result in a false positive ***IF*** 1) no identical twin exists (there are tests that can tell them apart) 2) both samples are uncontaminated But for criminal purposes the 2nd is very very frequently not true. If a sample is contaminated, the chip tests can be useless. A high coverage (100x) Illumina full sequence of both samples would be better. Better yet would be a 100x long read (10xgenomics or the lastest claimed 99% accurate PacBio) full sequence, of the possibly contaminated sample. CODIS tests are just not extensive enough to be reliable for contaminated samples. If the CODIS (STR) idea had say 200 markers instead of the CODIS number (12???) then it would be better. Without that, I as a juror would be very leery unless there was clearly no possibility of contamination. Doug McDonald ________________________________ From: Wjhonson via GENEALOGY-DNA <genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com> Subject: [DNA] Re: Use of familial search by law enforcement The entire basis of this thread is to counter the outrageous claim that the type of *autosomal* DNA which is loaded to gedmatch could *EVER* result in a false positive. It can *never* result in a false positive. Autosomal DNA is so precise it can tell parent from child, sibling from sibling, cousin from cousin. There is no such thing as a false positive.

I received the same e-mail earlier today. -----Original Message----- From: Ann Turner [mailto:dnacousins@gmail.com] Sent: Tuesday, November 27, 2018 5:56 PM To: DNA Genealogy Mailing List Subject: [DNA] Re: 23andMe and Human API I haven't (yet) received an email like that. I Googled Human API, and I see they used to have access to the 23andMe API. They would have needed your login credentials to actually connect. 23andMe recently dropped support for all API connections https://reference.humanapi.co/blog/23andme-drops-api-support Is it possible that you previously allowed Human API to access your 23andMe data? You call tell if you go into your Settings and see if it's listed under Previous Apps. I show GEDmatch, Athletigen (that would be my husband, not me!) and several others. Ann Turner On Tue, Nov 27, 2018 at 3:06 PM Gail Schinnerer Jorgensen < gailjmom@gmail.com> wrote: > I received an email today about 23andMe and Human API. I clicked on > the link this is what was said about the opportunity they were > presenting. I wanted to get your thoughts as my initial thought is why > would I want a for profit DNA company being connected to my personal > health records. Perhaps I am overreacting so I thought I would ask > others > > Your health data is about you. Get access to it. > > At 23andMe, we believe in giving you control over your health data. > Your participation in the Health Records Project may allow you to view > data from your doctors’ offices, lab results, and prescription > information in one place - electronically and at no cost. Now, you > have a new opportunity to engage more actively with your health and > review data from multiple care providers on one dashboard. By > participating in this project, your health data will automatically be > shared with 23andMe and Human API, a company focused on giving > individuals access to their health data and our collaborator in this > project. > > TYIA, > Gail > > _______________________________________________ > Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref > Unsubscribe > https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com > Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: > https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 > Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog > RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb > community > _______________________________________________ Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref Unsubscribe https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community

I haven't (yet) received an email like that. I Googled Human API, and I see they used to have access to the 23andMe API. They would have needed your login credentials to actually connect. 23andMe recently dropped support for all API connections https://reference.humanapi.co/blog/23andme-drops-api-support Is it possible that you previously allowed Human API to access your 23andMe data? You call tell if you go into your Settings and see if it's listed under Previous Apps. I show GEDmatch, Athletigen (that would be my husband, not me!) and several others. Ann Turner On Tue, Nov 27, 2018 at 3:06 PM Gail Schinnerer Jorgensen < gailjmom@gmail.com> wrote: > I received an email today about 23andMe and Human API. I clicked on > the link this is what was said about the opportunity they were > presenting. I wanted to get your thoughts as my initial thought is why > would I want a for profit DNA company being connected to my personal > health records. Perhaps I am overreacting so I thought I would ask > others > > Your health data is about you. Get access to it. > > At 23andMe, we believe in giving you control over your health data. > Your participation in the Health Records Project may allow you to view > data from your doctors’ offices, lab results, and prescription > information in one place - electronically and at no cost. Now, you > have a new opportunity to engage more actively with your health and > review data from multiple care providers on one dashboard. By > participating in this project, your health data will automatically be > shared with 23andMe and Human API, a company focused on giving > individuals access to their health data and our collaborator in this > project. > > TYIA, > Gail > > _______________________________________________ > Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref > Unsubscribe > https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com > Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: > https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 > Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog > RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb > community >

I received an email today about 23andMe and Human API. I clicked on the link this is what was said about the opportunity they were presenting. I wanted to get your thoughts as my initial thought is why would I want a for profit DNA company being connected to my personal health records. Perhaps I am overreacting so I thought I would ask others Your health data is about you. Get access to it. At 23andMe, we believe in giving you control over your health data. Your participation in the Health Records Project may allow you to view data from your doctors’ offices, lab results, and prescription information in one place - electronically and at no cost. Now, you have a new opportunity to engage more actively with your health and review data from multiple care providers on one dashboard. By participating in this project, your health data will automatically be shared with 23andMe and Human API, a company focused on giving individuals access to their health data and our collaborator in this project. TYIA, Gail

One of the references on the ISOGG Facebook page was to a Science article from 2016 - Mitochondrial endonuclease G mediates breakdown of paternal mitochondria upon fertilization [Science, Vol. 353, p. 394, 22 July 2016]. I think this was studied in C. Elegans spermatozoa - not necessary the best model to humans! However, as almost any protein can have genetic mutations in it at some stage - could deficiencies in the structure of the endonuclease G equivalent in the human situation result in less than optimal destruction of those male mitochondria? Brian -----Original Message----- From: realmac--- via GENEALOGY-DNA <genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com> Sent: 27 November 2018 17:06 To: genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com Cc: realmac@aol.com Subject: [DNA] Re: Paternal transmission pf mtDNA to offspring in humans I had to laugh when I reached the passage in the article explaining the "central dogma" of mitochondrial DNA transmission. "Central dogmas" usually turn out to have exceptions, and are eventually superseded by more nuanced paradigms. We should have learned that from previous "central dogmas". From the observation that a particular case of mitochondrial heteroplasmy is a 60%/40% mixture of maternal and paternal DNA, it would be wrong to suppose (without evidence) that that ratio was actually the ratio of mitochondrial contributions from both parents in the original zygote. To make that conclusion, we would have to assume that both maternal and paternal mitochondria have survived and multiplied at exactly the same rate through the course of development and successive generations. That's not the sort of assumption that should be made lightly, at least not without being discussed explicitly. Question for the group, is mitochondrial heteroplasmy, when present, accurately detected and reported by our favorite vendors? John McCoy(RealMac@aol.com) In a message dated 11/27/2018 8:55:22 AM Pacific Standard Time, msvnhrn@jps.net writes: Here is the article: https://www.sciencealert.com/radical-findings-shows-mitochondrial-dna-can-be-inherited-from-dads-after-all Marleen Van Horne _______________________________________________Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebprefUnsubscribe https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.comPrivacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blogRootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community _______________________________________________ Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref Unsubscribe https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community

I have downloaded a full copy of the paper from PNAS to see exactly what they have done, and what they claim to be the scientific explanation. It only costs you $10 dollars after you have registered with PNAS. Brian -----Original Message----- From: Marleen Van Horne <msvnhrn@jps.net> Sent: 27 November 2018 16:54 To: genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com Subject: [DNA] Paternal transmission pf mtDNA to offspring in humans Here is the article: https://www.sciencealert.com/radical-findings-shows-mitochondrial-dna-can-be -inherited-from-dads-after-all Marleen Van Horne _______________________________________________ Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref Unsubscribe https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community

Hi, FTDNA reports heteroplasmy when it reaches a level of 20% since they changed to NGS sequencing for mtDNA It was closer to 1/3 for most of the time they Sanger sequenced mtDNA. On Tue, Nov 27, 2018 at 11:23 AM Ann Turner <dnacousins@gmail.com> wrote: > FTDNA reports heteroplasmy if it reaches a level of 20%. > > Ann Turner --- Regards, Rebekah A. Canada Volunteer Administrator, Family Tree DNA <https://affiliate.familytreedna.com/idevaffiliate.php?id=598> Author, Haplogroup <https://haplogroup.org> -- PRIVILEGED & CONFIDENTIAL COMMUNICATION -- This communication is privileged and contains confidential information. If it has been sent to you in error, please disregard, reply to the sender that you received it in error, and delete it. Any distribution or other reproduction is strictly prohibited.

The entire basis of this thread is to counter the outrageous claim that the type of *autosomal* DNA which is loaded to gedmatch could *EVER* result in a false positive. It can *never* result in a false positive.  Autosomal DNA is so precise it can tell parent from child, sibling from sibling, cousin from cousin.  There is no such thing as a false positive. -----Original Message----- From: Dave Hamm via GENEALOGY-DNA <genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com> To: genealogy-dna <genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com> Cc: Dave Hamm <odoniv@yahoo.com> Sent: Tue, Nov 27, 2018 6:14 am Subject: [DNA] Re: Use of familial search by law enforcement WJohnson, Easy for you to say, without citing any sources. One of the examples I gave was regarding the CODIS markers, which is the DNA used for conviction in court. That happens regardless of the type of DNA samples have been examined. The CODIS markers convicted Chen, and the jury ignored the remaining evidence. "Five years later, Chen was exonerated when a second DNA test that found he was not a match after all. In the years he lived as a convicted rapist, he had lost his wife, his business and most of his life." Gizmodo: "When Bad DNA Tests Lead to False Convictions" https://gizmodo.com/when-bad-dna-tests-lead-to-false-convictions-1797915655 His original 17 genetic markers were overturned when testing more markers showed that he was not a match. This was not sloppy police work, this was the presumption that DNA analysis is accurate to within millions of suspects. This was at a time when 13 CODIS markers were believed to be accurate to one in millions. In Chen's case, CODIS was not accurate to within one bar that night. A cynic could presume that means nearly doubling the number of markers to 20 CODIS markers would not be not accurate to the people within two night clubs. see: "Average Probability that a “Cold Hit” in a DNA Database Search Results in an Erroneous Attribution (2009)" "Random match probability (RMP), defined to be the probability that a person picked at random has the same DNA profile as the evidentiary sample, is very low if several unlinked loci are typed. For a 13-locus CODIS profile, typical RMPs are on the order of 10^−14 to 10^−15.... Such a low RMP implies that a particular DNA profile has a high probability of being unique. To compute the RMP, the recommendation of the second National Research Council Report (NRC II) is usually followed." That article mentions that for a population of 300 million, "we obtain the probability of an erroneous attribution of approximately 2.93 × 10−7 or approximately 1 in 3.4 million." I have seen similar claims from genetic genealogists regarding 20 CODIS markers. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5124364/ Now, New York has recently reviewed some 800 case files, where the CODIS DNA markers were not properly handled. There were some cases of "sorry we convicted you and you spent time in jail, but we messed up your DNA sample." see:  "New York Examines Over 800 Rape Cases for Possible Mishandling of Evidence" "The New York City medical examiner’s office is undertaking an unusual review of more than 800 rape cases in which critical DNA evidence may have been mishandled or overlooked by a lab technician, resulting in incorrect reports being given to criminal investigators. Supervisors have so far found 26 cases in which the technician failed to detect biological evidence when some actually existed, according to the medical examiner’s office. In seven of those cases, full DNA profiles were developed — in some instances, evidence that sex-crime investigators did not see for years, hampering their ability to develop cases against rape suspects. In one of those instances, the newly discovered DNA profile matched a convicted offender’s sample, leading to an indictment a decade after the evidence was collected, according to Dr. Mechthild Prinz, the director of forensic biology at the medical examiner’s office. In two other instances, the new DNA profiles were linked to people either already convicted or under suspicion. The scope of the problem has yet to be determined; at several points over nearly two years, supervisors in the medical examiner’s office thought they had gotten to the bottom of the technician’s errors, only to find that the trail went further." https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/11/nyregion/new-york-reviewing-over-800-rape-cases-for-possible-mishandling-of-dna-evidence.html?module=inline I have not reviewed these cases in order to determine how many used what type of DNA to investigate the crimes.  - Dave Hamm RE: On 11/26/2018 3:31 PM, genealogy-dna-request@rootsweb.com wrote: > Date: Mon, 26 Nov 2018 18:40:41 +0000 (UTC) > From: Wjhonson <wjhonson@aol.com> > Subject: [DNA] Re: Use of familial search by law enforcement > To: genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com > Cc: odoniv@yahoo.com > Message-ID: <535140636.2840620.1543257642102@mail.yahoo.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 > >  The Y test you cited is not good evidence of anythingTHOUSANDS of men have the exact same Y results on 12 and even on 37Using a Y test for a crime scene is just utter stupidity on the part of the police > The other example isn't actually an example of anything DNA relatedThe test in question was the father's, the subpoena was merely because he was a *close* matchAnd the *actual* test showed that he was not a match > So once again, my claim, that no Autosomal DNA test has *ever* found a positive match, that was later overturned > By the way, that you might be *present* at an event where a crime *later* took place is just sloppy police workNot evidence of an overturned DNA test Wjhonson, RE: > "It is completely untrue that “improvements” in dna have exonerated anyone... _______________________________________________ Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref Unsubscribe https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community

FTDNA reports heteroplasmy if it reaches a level of 20%. Ann Turner On Tue, Nov 27, 2018 at 9:06 AM realmac--- via GENEALOGY-DNA < genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com> wrote: > I had to laugh when I reached the passage in the article explaining the > "central dogma" of mitochondrial DNA transmission. "Central dogmas" > usually turn out to have exceptions, and are eventually superseded by more > nuanced paradigms. We should have learned that from previous "central > dogmas". > From the observation that a particular case of mitochondrial heteroplasmy > is a 60%/40% mixture of maternal and paternal DNA, it would be wrong to > suppose (without evidence) that that ratio was actually the ratio of > mitochondrial contributions from both parents in the original zygote. To > make that conclusion, we would have to assume that both maternal and > paternal mitochondria have survived and multiplied at exactly the same rate > through the course of development and successive generations. That's not > the sort of assumption that should be made lightly, at least not without > being discussed explicitly. > Question for the group, is mitochondrial heteroplasmy, when present, > accurately detected and reported by our favorite vendors? > John McCoy(RealMac@aol.com) > In a message dated 11/27/2018 8:55:22 AM Pacific Standard Time, > msvnhrn@jps.net writes: > > Here is the article: > > https://www.sciencealert.com/radical-findings-shows-mitochondrial-dna-can-be-inherited-from-dads-after-all > Marleen Van Horne > _______________________________________________Email preferences: > http://bit.ly/rootswebprefUnsubscribe > https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.comPrivacy > Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: > https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blogRootsWeb is > funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community > > _______________________________________________ > Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref > Unsubscribe > https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com > Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: > https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 > Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog > RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb > community >

I believe there was an article using chickens a few years ago that looked into this. http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/11/10/20150561 On Tue, Nov 27, 2018 at 10:55 AM Ann Turner <dnacousins@gmail.com> wrote: > GenBank has many records apart from mtDNA whole genome sequences. About > 46,000 of those are mtDNA. What we would expect to see is an unusually high > number of heteroplasmic sites (coded with a letter other than A, C, G, or > T. I'll ponder a method to detect this in my personal database of sequences > if Ian hasn't already checked this. > > Ann Turner > > On Tue, Nov 27, 2018 at 8:40 AM H W <hughes_williams@hotmail.com> wrote: > > > Hi, Ian. The PNAS early-release paper yesterday regarding detected > > biparental inheritance of mtDNA ( > > http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/11/21/1810946115) made me think > > back a few weeks to a post of yours that indicated only about one mtDNA > > sequence in 500 that comes into GenBank is recognizable by its having any > > special feature. > > > > I looked at GenBank's statistics but I'm not certain I can differentiate > > the number of fully-sequenced mtDNA results on file. Do you have that > > number on the top of your head? Don't look it up, please; just a very > > informal guesstimate for personal curiosity, and I won't quote you on it. > > :-) > > > > Just wondering, really, about Taosheng Huang's estimate that biparental > > mtDNA may be present in as many as 1 in every 5,000 people. With the huge > > spike that began in 2003 of WGS tests cataloged at GenBank (from what I > > gather: 593,801 in Aug 2003 to 722,438,528 as of last 15 Oct), it just > > seems like such significant heteroplasmy would have been detected by now > if > > 1:5,000 was a possible ratio. > > > > Thanks, Ian! > > > > -----Original Message----- > > Date: Tue, 27 Nov 2018 10:55:55 +0000 > > From: Ian Logan <ianlogan22@btinternet.com> > > Subject: [DNA] New mtDNA sequences from Viet Nam on the GenBank > > database (1 of 25) > > > > List > > > > A set of over 600 mtDNA sequences from Viet Nam has appeared on the > > GenBank database. They accompany the paper: > > > > Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 3;8(1):11651. 'Complete human mtDNA genome sequences > > from Vietnam and the phylogeography of Mainland Southeast Asia' Duong NT, > > Macholdt E, et al. > > ... > > > > > > _______________________________________________ > > Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref > > Unsubscribe > > https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com > > Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: > > https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 > > Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog > > RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb > > community > > > > _______________________________________________ > Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref > Unsubscribe > https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com > Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: > https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 > Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog > RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb > community > -- --- Regards, Rebekah A. Canada Volunteer Administrator, Family Tree DNA <https://affiliate.familytreedna.com/idevaffiliate.php?id=598> Author, Haplogroup <https://haplogroup.org> -- PRIVILEGED & CONFIDENTIAL COMMUNICATION -- This communication is privileged and contains confidential information. If it has been sent to you in error, please disregard, reply to the sender that you received it in error, and delete it. Any distribution or other reproduction is strictly prohibited.

I had to laugh when I reached the passage in the article explaining the "central dogma" of mitochondrial DNA transmission.  "Central dogmas" usually turn out to have exceptions, and are eventually superseded by more nuanced paradigms.  We should have learned that from previous "central dogmas". From the observation that a particular case of mitochondrial heteroplasmy is a 60%/40% mixture of maternal and paternal DNA, it would be wrong to suppose (without evidence) that that ratio was actually the ratio of mitochondrial contributions from both parents in the original zygote.  To make that conclusion, we would have to assume that both maternal and paternal mitochondria have survived and multiplied at exactly the same rate through the course of development and successive generations.  That's not the sort of assumption that should be made lightly, at least not without being discussed explicitly. Question for the group, is mitochondrial heteroplasmy, when present, accurately detected and reported by our favorite vendors? John McCoy(RealMac@aol.com) In a message dated 11/27/2018 8:55:22 AM Pacific Standard Time, msvnhrn@jps.net writes: Here is the article: https://www.sciencealert.com/radical-findings-shows-mitochondrial-dna-can-be-inherited-from-dads-after-all Marleen Van Horne _______________________________________________Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebprefUnsubscribe https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.comPrivacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blogRootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community

GenBank has many records apart from mtDNA whole genome sequences. About 46,000 of those are mtDNA. What we would expect to see is an unusually high number of heteroplasmic sites (coded with a letter other than A, C, G, or T. I'll ponder a method to detect this in my personal database of sequences if Ian hasn't already checked this. Ann Turner On Tue, Nov 27, 2018 at 8:40 AM H W <hughes_williams@hotmail.com> wrote: > Hi, Ian. The PNAS early-release paper yesterday regarding detected > biparental inheritance of mtDNA ( > http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/11/21/1810946115) made me think > back a few weeks to a post of yours that indicated only about one mtDNA > sequence in 500 that comes into GenBank is recognizable by its having any > special feature. > > I looked at GenBank's statistics but I'm not certain I can differentiate > the number of fully-sequenced mtDNA results on file. Do you have that > number on the top of your head? Don't look it up, please; just a very > informal guesstimate for personal curiosity, and I won't quote you on it. > :-) > > Just wondering, really, about Taosheng Huang's estimate that biparental > mtDNA may be present in as many as 1 in every 5,000 people. With the huge > spike that began in 2003 of WGS tests cataloged at GenBank (from what I > gather: 593,801 in Aug 2003 to 722,438,528 as of last 15 Oct), it just > seems like such significant heteroplasmy would have been detected by now if > 1:5,000 was a possible ratio. > > Thanks, Ian! > > -----Original Message----- > Date: Tue, 27 Nov 2018 10:55:55 +0000 > From: Ian Logan <ianlogan22@btinternet.com> > Subject: [DNA] New mtDNA sequences from Viet Nam on the GenBank > database (1 of 25) > > List > > A set of over 600 mtDNA sequences from Viet Nam has appeared on the > GenBank database. They accompany the paper: > > Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 3;8(1):11651. 'Complete human mtDNA genome sequences > from Vietnam and the phylogeography of Mainland Southeast Asia' Duong NT, > Macholdt E, et al. > ... > > > _______________________________________________ > Email preferences: http://bit.ly/rootswebpref > Unsubscribe > https://lists.rootsweb.com/postorius/lists/genealogy-dna@rootsweb.com > Privacy Statement: https://ancstry.me/2JWBOdY Terms and Conditions: > https://ancstry.me/2HDBym9 > Rootsweb Blog: http://rootsweb.blog > RootsWeb is funded and supported by Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb > community >

Here is the article: https://www.sciencealert.com/radical-findings-shows-mitochondrial-dna-can-be-inherited-from-dads-after-all Marleen Van Horne

Hi, Ian. The PNAS early-release paper yesterday regarding detected biparental inheritance of mtDNA (http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/11/21/1810946115) made me think back a few weeks to a post of yours that indicated only about one mtDNA sequence in 500 that comes into GenBank is recognizable by its having any special feature. I looked at GenBank's statistics but I'm not certain I can differentiate the number of fully-sequenced mtDNA results on file. Do you have that number on the top of your head? Don't look it up, please; just a very informal guesstimate for personal curiosity, and I won't quote you on it. :-) Just wondering, really, about Taosheng Huang's estimate that biparental mtDNA may be present in as many as 1 in every 5,000 people. With the huge spike that began in 2003 of WGS tests cataloged at GenBank (from what I gather: 593,801 in Aug 2003 to 722,438,528 as of last 15 Oct), it just seems like such significant heteroplasmy would have been detected by now if 1:5,000 was a possible ratio. Thanks, Ian! -----Original Message----- Date: Tue, 27 Nov 2018 10:55:55 +0000 From: Ian Logan <ianlogan22@btinternet.com> Subject: [DNA] New mtDNA sequences from Viet Nam on the GenBank database (1 of 25) List A set of over 600 mtDNA sequences from Viet Nam has appeared on the GenBank database. They accompany the paper: Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 3;8(1):11651. 'Complete human mtDNA genome sequences from Vietnam and the phylogeography of Mainland Southeast Asia' Duong NT, Macholdt E, et al. ...