Transcribed by Barb Baker. Geo. THE WHITEHAVEN GAZETTE & CUMBERLAND ADVERTISER, Monday, December 2, 1822 / MYSTERIOUS DISCOVERY _________________________________________________________ MYSTERIOUS DISCOVERY. On the 9th ult., THOMAS HAGUE was committed from the jail at Manchester, to Lancaster, on a charge of bigamy; but other circumstances of a mysterious nature have tended to make this person's case extremely awful. On the 4th ult., he being in custody for arrears of bastardy money, a charge of bigamy was preferred against him by a woman who stated herself to be his second wife. She was desired to prove his marriage with his first wife, and also that she was alive at the time of the second marriage; for which information she, together with her friends, proceeded to the neighbourhood of Chorley, where the first wife had lived, and discovered that, on the 26th of September, HAGUE had fetched her away, and that she had not since been heard of, though her friends supposed she was in Manchester, where her husband said he was taking her. The second wife, knowing that he had been living with her ever since that time, told the relatives of the first, who, being alarmed, went over to Manchester, and there learned that on the 28th of September, a woman was found drowned in the canal in Oldfield, Salford; that a large wound appeared on the back of her head; that no one was able to identify her at the Coroner's Inquest, and that the verdict was "Found drowned". They also learned that the clothes of this woman had been kept at the Work-house; and, on being permitted to examine them, they were satisfied they were those worn by the first wife of HAGUE. The grave has since been opened for the observation of her relatives, and they recognised her by a particular scar under the ear. These circumstances, however, were not deemed sufficient to warrant his commitment for the greater crime; but he is in safe custody for the minor offence; and it is hoped that by the period of his trial the whole truth will be discovered. The above we condensed from a Liverpool paper. We since observe that circumstances have transpired before the magistrates which caused HAGUE's commitment for the murder. ====================================================

Transcribed by Barb Baker. Geo. THE WHITEHAVEN GAZETTE & CUMBERLAND ADVERTISER, Monday, December 2, 1822 / NEWS. _________________________________________________________ NEWS. Wheat straw may be melted into colourless glass with a blow pipe, without any addition. Barley straw melts into glass of a yellow topaz colour. _________________________ Great difficutlty has often been experienced in making leeches fasten with their mouths to the skin; a correspondent strongly recommends the following method of applying them. -- Dip the mouth of the leech in fresh porter, and apply it to the spot from whence it is deemed advisable to abstract blood, and it will immediately fasten on it, and begin to suck. ____________________________ A fellow at Nottingham, wearing his Majesty's uniform, on Saturday week delivered his wife (a decent looking woman), with a halter round her arm, to a man dressed in a smock frock, who had previously agreed to give the vender the sum of five shillings for his "goods", and paid the purchase money on delivery. The transaction took place in the open market-place of that town. ___________________________________

Transcribed by Susan Bergeron. Geo. News Chronicle Saturday, February 8th, 1941 Benghazi is Ours Benghazi is in British hands. Its fall marks the end of Italy's dominion over Cyrencaica and completes, at any rate, the first stage of General WAVELL'S historic campaign. It opened with the surprise attack on Sidi Barrani in the early hours of December 9, it closes only two months later. In those 60 days GRAZIANI'S initially formidable army has retreated 440 miles, an average of more than seven miles every day. At least six-sevenths of that retreat has been across Italian territory on whose complicated fortification the Fascist Government had poured out treasure wrung from the Italian peasant. Two more Mediterranean ports - Tobruk and Benghazi are now at the service of the Royal Navy, as well as the smaller port of Bardia, the menace of Egypt has been utterly destroyed, the Italian army in Libya has been reduced to impotence. .. It is still too early for any complete estimate of General WAVELL'S happy and glorious achievement, but from what we already know two factors stand out and demand the most generous praise, the perfect co-ordination of land, sea and air forces and the superb Staff work that preceded the attack and made the co-ordination possible. >From the beginning of what then seemed a hazardous enterprise but is now show to have been a masterly campaign almost without precedent in military history the three branches of the Fighting Services have operated with clockwork precision as one unit. They synchronised their individual forms of attack; and thus immeasurably increased the total effect of the offensive. The melancholy lessons of GALLIPOLI has been truly learned. To allot praise may seem invidious. If it goes in high measure to the men from Britain and the Dominions who carried the 60 days so gallantly, it must go in equally high measure to those who enabled their gallantry to be turned to good account; to the Staff who prepared their plans down to the last and smallest detail and arranged for those plans to be implemented at precisely the correct moment. What General WAVELL'S next move will be we shall not attempt to guess. The implications of his victories here and in East Africa are easier to read. They are blows not only at an already reeling Italy but at Germany as well, who, it would appear, is hurrying south to patch the yawning fissures in the Fascist bastion. History may yet prove that the hurrying began too late. .. The capture of Benghazi increases also our power to police the Straits of Sicily across which any German force would be compelled to pass into North Africa; and it reduces the considerable hazards to which the Navy is now exposed in those narrow waters. It is a reserve line behind Malta, and its possibilities are boundless. If an advance on Tripoli should be the next move that General Wavell contemplates, the importance of Benghazi becomes all the greater; it will prove a supply base of inestimable value. Rapidly the Axis is becoming a meaningless phrase; an axis requires two ends, and, if it is to function, each end must perform an equal task. Otherwise the whole thing crumbles away. One day that will happen, and General Wavell, by his care and genius, has brought that day nearer than two months ago we dared hope. .....

Transcribed by Susan Bergeron. Geo. News Chronicle Saturday, February 8th, 1941 Our Cradle Tales were Thrillers When I read of the death of Marie Connor Leighton this week my memory went back to the nineties of last century when a small boy was reading a novel called "Convict 99" with his heart beating like the engine of a motorbicycle. It was the beginning of a life of which a considerable portion was to be spent in reading sensational fiction. Or was it the beginning? After all, even in the nursery we had a special affection for stories that made our flesh creep - stories like "Little Red Riding Hood," with its terrifying climax when the wolf, dressed up as the grandmother, utters the never-to-be-forgotten sentence, "The better to eat you with, my dear." .. We enjoyed the luxury of being afraid, again, when our own grandmothers, aunts and nurses told us stories of ghosts, body-snatchers and kidnappers. Why human beings should like to be scared it is hard to say; but even the timid cannot resist paddling on the shores of danger with their imaginations. Stevenson was evidently right when he spoke of "the bright eyes of danger." Danger in strict moderation fascinated. That is why children used to pass a finger hurriedly thorough the gas-flame and why small boys in the streets risked their limbs in playing such games as Last Across. The thriller probably owes its popularity largely to the fact that it enables us to revel in danger while sitting in a chair in perfect security. As we read we are plunged into a world dominated by men wickeder than any we have ever known, devils in human form, forgers, blackmailers, international crooks, coloured men with sinister scars on their faces; and when the world is at peace, the sheltered lives of our neighbours seem tame in comparison. Pious people used to frown on the reading of thrillers (or shockers, as they were once called,) but that may have been because they themselves had no need of them. To them the world was already sensational enough owing to the incessant activities of Satan - a far more terrifying figure than the head of any gang of jewel-thieves or foreign spies. The wickedness of the most sinister figure in a fur-lined coat who remains in the background leading an apparently respectable life as he sends his henchmen out to burgle a ducal mansion pales in comparison with wickedness such as his. He is the chief of all villains, in comparison with whom LONG JOHN SILVER himself seems merely a manufactured toy. .. Most people, however, are not content with a villain on the supernatural plane. They like their villains to be human - men whom you might see driving along Regent Street in luxurious motor-cars, or sitting round the tables at Monte Carlo. Wicked men become more sensationally exciting to us if they are our contemporaries. The villain in a Roman toga can never for most of us be quite so sinister a figure as a villain in evening dress. It is, I admit, difficult to define a "thriller." There is a sense in which "Hamlet" is a thriller with a king for a villain. I think, however, the word "thriller" can be properly applied only to books, plays and films to which sensationalism is the main object of the writer. Everything must be subordinated to the purpose of making our flesh creep. That is what Edgar WALLACE did so magnificently in "On the Spot." I think, too, that a thriller should have a happy ending. As we read it, we should feel as if we were watching an intensely exciting neck-and-neck race between good and evil and all the time we should know at the back of our minds that, however great the odds against it at some point may seem, good is going to win. In reading a true thriller, we know that the hero who is locked in a air-tight cellar into which water is being flooded will be rescued before the water has got beyond his chin. We know that the lovely heroine, as she lies gagged and bound in a remote house in the marshes, surrounded by an impenetrable fence of electrified barbed wire, is due for release before very long even if the house is guarded day and night by armed men looking like gorillas and followed about by savage bloodhounds. In Paris in modern times they invented a new kind of thriller associated with the Grand Guignol Theater - a thriller which was often a mere exploitation of horror and in which the end was utterly painful. The Grand Guignol thrill, however, was the entertainment, not of the normal many, but of the abnormal few. .. To the normal man, indeed, the thriller is simply a modern fairy-tale for grown-ups, in which the villain takes the place of the ogre and the hero and heroine are the all-venturing youth and the captured princess. And who would read fairy-tales if the giants always killed Jack and if the princess invariably failed to escape from the ogre? Hence the art of the thriller, like the art of the fairy-tale and the art of the melodrama, demands as a rule a happy ending. Life is not always like that, as tragic literature bears witness; but it is probably sometimes like that, and it is pleasant to have it demonstrated once more that it is safer in the end to be a beautiful, innocent young woman than a criminal in a fur-lined coat. It has probably become more so since the world became filled with police and detectives without whom the modern thriller could never have come into being. .....

Transcribed by Susan Bergeron. Geo. News Chronicle Saturday, February 8th, 1941 SITWELLS Demand £500 each Mr. Justice CASSELS is likely to give judgment on Monday in the libel action brought by Miss Edith SITWELL and her brothers, Osbert and Sacheverell. He ruled yesterday that the publication complained of (in "Reynolds News") was capable of a defamatory meaning. Mr. Daniel MacMILLAN director of MacMILLANS, the publishers, giving evidence, said he did not agree that oblivion had claimed the SITWELLS. Great Profit. "If my firm had thought that oblivion was falling upon Sacheverell they would not have continued to publish his books with great profit and considerable success" he added. Mr. G. D. ROBERTS K.C. (for defendants) showed Mr. MacMILLAN a photograph which he said showed the three SITWELLS posing outside the Law Courts and suggested: "It rather looks as if publicity surrounding this action is sweet." Mr. MacMILLAN agreed that the picture showed that the SITWELLS were not diverting their faces. Mr. John J. WILSON, bookseller, of Oxford Street, W., replying to Mr. Roberts, agreed that the SITWELLS had employed methods a little strange. One was that of Miss Edith SITWELL when, behind a mask, she recited her poems to an audience at the Eolian Hall. Recalled to the witness-box, Mr. Osbert SITWELL denied that he or his sister and brother posed for a newspaper photograph the previous day. "Waste of Time" Mr. ROBERTS, after stating that no evidence would be called for the defence, said the SITWELLS had demanded £500 each, which counsel suggested, was farcical and exorbitant. He submitted that the action was a waste of time. Mr. G. O. SLADE, for the SITWELLS, asked for damages that would mark to the whole world that the imitation against them was without foundation. The hearing was adjourned. .....

Transcribed by Susan Bergeron. Geo. News Chronicle Saturday, February 8th, 1941 Eggs are more Plentiful The meat position today is much the same as last weekend. The ration is unchanged, but the cuts available vary in localities; there is slightly more offal. Rabbits are not so plentiful. Fish: Sprats, good in many districts, are an excellent substitute for herring, containing Vitamins A and B. Eggs: A little more plentiful. Poultry: Fairly good supply. Fruit: Cooking apples generally plentiful; rhubarb slightly cheaper. Vegetables: Spring greens coming in, Sprouts a little dearer. Carrots, potatoes, parsnips, swedes and turnips all plentiful. Jerusalem artichokes make a nice change; serve as a vegetable with white sauce; or as a gratin dish mix with white sauce, sprinkle breadcrumbs and rind-end cheese on top, and toast for a few minutes under grill. Sunday Dinner Hint. Stuffed Sheep's Heart (for four people) Two to three hearts, one carrot, 1/2 turnip, one potato, little minced onion, 1 1/2 tablespoon dripping, one tablespoon flour, 3/4 pint stock, pepper and salt. Make a forcemeat from 1/4 lb stale bread (soaked in cold water and squeezed dry in cloth,) two tablespoons fine chopped suet or dripping, small teaspoon mixed herbs, little chopped parsley, salt and pepper ; all mixed to soft consistency with little milk or stock. Wash hearts in salted water, remove pipes. Split and stuff, then press together and secure with string or skewers. Melt dripping in pan, stir in flour, cook until it bubbles, then add stock gradually and bring to boil. And seasoning. Bed of Vegetables. Arrange bed of sliced vegetables in the gravy, place hearts on top, cover pan and cook very gently for about 1 1/2 hours to two hours. Add a little caramel to darken gravy just before dishing up. Serve with spring greens and artichokes. Rhubarb Batter. Sprinkle chopped rhubarb in simple pancake batter and bake in oven. No sugar needed in cooking. Add a little honey or sugar on serving. .....

Transcribed by Susan Bergeron. Geo. News Chronicle Saturday, February 8th, 1941 Cuckoo Clock that Struck Back For five years MUSSOLINI and his Fascist rhetoricians have spilled gallons of ink and jammed the ether with utterances of what they would do to Britain. Last July Rome Radio said: "We will tear the British Empire apart like a cuckoo clock." A month before Signor ANSALDO the Italian Press chief, said: "Then (after France was defeated) will come the attack on England, the enemy No. 1. Germany and Italy together will free the world from the tyranny of the British." In September, when the R.A.F. was shooting the Luftwaffe out of the British skies, Signor GAYDA wrote that: "Germany and Italy intend not only to isolate, but completely to annihilate, Great Britain." In October the newspapers in Rome stated that, by the middle of December, the Axis would be victorious. "The capitulation of England will come about in the very near future." "Britain was given a last chance to make peace before being crushed!: screamed the "Popolo d'Italia." "By holding the enemy immobilised for 20 days, BERGANZOLI and his men have interrupted the forward surge of the British .. and they have proved that the surprise of Sidi BARRANI was not a precedent and will not be repeated," said Signor ANSALDO on January 5. The next day Rome Radio declared: "Whatever happens, the fate of the British forces in the East is sealed." "Britain will have to settle her last account not by years or weeks, of which CHURCHILL spoke, but by days and hours," said Signor GAYDA after Italy had been in the war for a month. "Italy is unshakably at its fighting post and will not withdraw" GAYDA in the "Giornale d'Italia." "The Italian armed forces will certainly do the part assigned to them," said Rome Radio a fortnight ago. "We will make England look like zero - a figure never understood by that proud nation: Il DUCE himself in "Popolo d'Italia." .....

Transcribed by Susan Bergeron. Geo. News Chronicle Saturday, February 8th, 1941 Acid Stomach Wind, Pain and Nausea Instantly Relieved. It is a remarkable fact that the entire medical profession regards Milk of Magnesia as the ideal remedy for acid stomach. Doctors know that Milk of Magnesia is the antacid most acceptable and beneficial to the system and its alkalizing effect is instantaneous. Acidity, wind, heartburn, nausea and indigestion vanish in a marvelous manner on taking Milk of Magnesia. The stomach is soothed and strengthened and digestion is able to proceed in comfort. That sick, sour feeling and headache, caused by too much food, drink, smoke - Milk of Magnesia dispels like magic. Get Milk of Magnesia and try it today, you'll be delighted. 1/5 and 2/10 (treble quantity) Also Milk of Magnesia brand Tablets 7d., 1/1, 1/2, 2/3 and 3/11 1/2 (Including Purchase Tax.) Obtainable everywhere. Milk of Magnesia is the trade mark of Phillips preparation of Magnesia. .....

Transcribed by Susan Bergeron. Geo. News Chronicle Saturday, February 8th, 1941 Wonderful Britain No. 8 Friendships made on Home Guard night Patrol will outlive this WAR. By William FORREST It was after midnight when we left the village to climb the hill. It is a stiff climb, and the wind pierced the thickest greatcoat. Only men with a set purpose would climb the hill on such a night as this. Our purpose had been set for us. I was out with a patrol of the Aston Clinton platoon of the Home Guard, fulfilling an instruction to go up to "High Point" and see if all was well there. There were four men in this patrol, including the section leader, who told me he had worn the Queen's that is, Queen Victoria's uniform. All four knew the ground well, for this was the platoon's fixed observation post last summer when parachute-spotting was the chief preoccupation of the L.D.V. We tramped the windswept hilltop, back and forth, our boots crunching the frozen crust of snow, and finding nothing untowards, returned to Platoon H.Q. to report all well. Returning the challenge of the sentry outside H.Q., we passed into the warmth and light of the hut. Sausages were sizzling in a pan on the stove. The teapot waited for the kettle to boil. Counting the sentry, eight men were on duty; a sub-section of the platoon. There are eight sub-sections, and all take in rotation a night of "laying-in" duty. Hours : 8 p.m. to 6 a.m. It doesn't seem much, one night in eight; but there are drills or lectures every Wednesday night as well and on Sunday mornings there is always something on field operations, musketry practice or a full-dress rehearsal of an invasion alarm. Captain de L. LEACH, acting platoon Commander, was busy with plans for such a rehearsal when I returned with the patrol. He spoke enthusiastically of all his men. "I couldn't have wished for a better lot of chaps," he said. A year ago many of these men, although living in the same parish, were strangers to each other. Came that memorable evening in May when Mr. EDEN, then War Minister, broadcast his appeal for Local Defence Volunteers in every town and village. The three neighbouring parishes of Aston Clinton, Buckland and Drayton Beauchamp made the same ready response as everywhere else. The volunteers were asked to report at the house of Air Commodore P.F.M. FELLOWES. They met in the garden, farmers and farm labourers, grocers, building workers, stockbrokers and solicitors, publicans, insurance agents. With Air Commodore FELLOWES as commander the platoon was formed. The district was divided into eight sectors, to be patrolled at dawn and dusk. The volunteers had no uniform. Their weapons were any they could lay their hands on. During those anxious days and nights that followed Dunkirk, the patrols were out, morning and evening, always in pairs. Cars were stopped during Alerts. Suspicious-looking strangers were challenged. Mysterious lights were tracked down. And all this time, the work of fortifying Aston Clinton was pressed with feverish haste. The danger that threatened villa and cottage alike was enough to break down all conventional reserve and to found friendships that will long outlive this war. The platoon is now at full strength, with ample reserves of eager youths to fill the gaps as members are called up for the Army; and it is well equipped. As I drank my tea a hefty printing worker, who is in charge of the armoury, fondled an automatic rife as if it were a pet. A journalist buttoned up his greatcoat and went out to relieve the garage worker who had completed his two hours sentry go. I went out with my brother-journalist. "The Home Guard," he said, as he took up his post, "was a stroke of genius, don't you think? Men will fight to the last for their own homes." .....

Transcribed by Susan Bergeron. Geo. News Chronicle Saturday, February 8th, 1941 Mails Lost Mails from South Australia for this country posted November 14 and 18 and parcels posted November 8 and 15 have been lost by enemy action. .....

Transcribed by Susan Bergeron. Geo. News Chronicle Saturday, February 8th, 1941 Magistrate Found How Men could Dodge Army Ministry of Labour experts are investigating the discovery of a loophole in the calling-up regulations. Dr. F.J.O. CODDINGTON, Bradford stipendiary magistrate, has revealed how simple it is for a man to evade Army service by merely refusing to undergo his medical examination. The worst thing that can happen to anyone who resists the doctors is to be fined £5 or be sent to prison for one month maximum. The Ministry admitted yesterday that the doctor's disclosure had surprised them. An official said: "The legal aspects of such a case are being carefully examined to prevent any recurrence. Commons Question. "If a man refuses to be medically examined, the only procedure that can be adopted at the moment is for him to be fined or detained. "If it is found possible to examine him while detained, the difficulty is solved. But if he is troublesome and still refuses to be examined, he cannot be graded properly and nothing more can be done." The question is to be raised in the Commons. .....

Transcribed by Susan Bergeron. Geo. News Chronicle Saturday, February 8th, 1941 Mrs. Prentice Loses £800 a Year Mrs. Ada Virginia PRENTICE, former American film actress, will no longer receive £800 a year alimony from Mr. Thomas PRENTICE, Glasgow chartered accountant, her fifth husband, who was granted a divorce from her. The Edinburgh Court of Session upheld the decree after an 8-day speech by Mrs. Prentice, conducting her own appeal. And yesterday the same Court granted Mr. PRENTICE'S motion to terminate the alimony. .....

For info.: I subscribed to the FreePrintables mailing list. This is the welcome message they sent which has a bit more information. It doesn't cover everything that's available though. Geo. ----- Original Message ----- From: Kevin Savetz To: bargeo@gmail.com Sent: Saturday, August 02, 2008 12:39 PM Subject: Quick Introduction to FreePrintable.net Welcome to the Free Printable newsletter mailing list. We'll send you occasional updates about what's going on with the FreePrintable.net network of web sites. When we add new Free Printable goodness, you'll be the first to hear about it. I'd like to start by telling you about the Free Printable stuff that's already available. We currently have 14 sites that offer various printables: http://www.FreePrintableBusinessCards.net - Offers 200 free business card designs in Microsoft Word format to download, customize, and print. http://www.FreePrintableStationery.net - More than 150 free stationery and letterhead templates, also in Microsoft Word format. Many of them match the business card designs, so you can have an integrated look for your small business documents. In addition, matching envelope templates are available for $4 each. http://www.FreePrintableCertificates.net - More than 250 free certificate designs in Adobe Acrobat (PDF) format. You'll find award certificates for business, certificates for sports and scouting, as well as blank gift certificates which you can customize for your business. These designs can be downloaded and printed with no customization. Or, you can download customizable versions (for Microsoft Word) for just $4. http://www.FreePrintableRecipeCards.net - Offers 50+ beautiful recipe card designs that you can download and print for free. Each card is available in your choice of 3x5 and 4x6 sizes. In addition to the free PDF versions, editable versions in Microsoft Word format are available. With those, you can type or copy-and-paste recipes rather than hand-writing them. http://www.FreePrintableGreetingCards.org delivers 100 free greeting card designs that you can download and print. http://www.FreePrintableGiftTags.net - Serves up 200+ free gift tags, with designs for holidays, birthdays, etc. http://www.FreeFaxCoverSheets.net - When the office klutz writes on the last clean fax cover sheet, you can download and print any of 100 free cover sheets here. And more fax cover sheet are at http://www.FaxCoverSheets.org -- these are hilarious cartoon-y cover sheets that will get you faxes noticed. http://www.FreePrintableColoringPages.net, http://www.freecoloringsheets.net, http://www.HorseColoringPages.net, and http://www.BibleColoringPages.org offer thouands of fun coloring pages for kids of all ages. We also offer printables for business owners, including printable cash receipts: http://www.PrintableCashReceipts.com and printable timesheets: http://www.PrintableTimesheets.net ! If that's too much to keep track of, just bookmark this one site: http://www.FreePrintable.net This is the central hub, with links to all of the other Free Printable sites. I hope you find the printable material useful in your personal and business projects. If you have any suggestions for new printables, please feel free to send me an e-mail. Happy printing, Kevin, the Free Printable guy PO Box 1205, Blue Lake, CA 95525, USA

I've been exploring the site further. They have other free printable stuff here; http://www.freeprintable.net/ such as ... Business cards Certificates Recipe cards Gift Tags Greeting cards Fax cover sheets Colouring pages for kids Resume templates (for Sherry?) Stationery (here's one for Wolfie - or Kweenie http://www.freeprintablestationery.net/showcover/wolf ) They even have co-ordinated envelope templates. The stationery template is free but strangely, it costs $4 to download the envelope template. There are many others free printables - even Daily Clipart and also sample letters, etc. that can be copied and pasted into a Word doc. such as err, sample Resignation Letters. (also for Sherry? <g>). One thing to be aware of, most of the templates are based on 'Letter' (Quarto) size paper. Those of us who use A4 may want to adjust margins, etc to suit. Geo. ----- Original Message ----- From: Diane Kirby Great find, DiDi. Thank you for passing it on. I notice that they have blank calendar sheets which you can fill in and also a link to printable 2009 calendars in several formats; http://www.printable2009calendar.net/ Geo. Got this from another list I am on....could be useful to anyone DiDi The right paper for the job www.printablepaper.net Free Printable Paper

OK, folks. The topic for this month is ancestral occupations. Does anyone have any background information on the type of work their ancestors did? Any story or anecdote about an occupation they may have turned up during research? Or perhaps someone has a question about an occupation we may be able to help with. Geo.

Happy birthday Mick, sorry it's late in the day......hope you enjoyed it. Gwen & Nick > Off to a place not too far from Wolverhampton Wanderers > where this young chaps missus is waiting for the season to start !!!!!!!! > Happy Happy Birthday Mick (Wolfies partner) > Lots of Love and Hugs > Dave, Pam and Nikki > > > "IS THE SUBJECT LINE STILL RELEVANT? > If not, PLEASE change it." > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > GEN-TRIVIA-ENG-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without > the quotes in the subject and the body of the message >

I have hesitated to write about Gertrude Stein in the belief that she is reasonably well known by the people on this list. On the other hand, Gertrude played a very large role in the development of 20th century art and literature. She led the world deciding the great and the mediocre in 20th century art. In assisting her brother, Leo Stein's acquaintances and study of modern art provided the seed for the famous Stein art collections. He began with Bernard Berenson who hosted Gertrude and Leo in his English country house in 1902, and who suggested Paul Cézanne and Ambroise Vollard's art gallery. The joint collection of Gertrude and Leo Stein began in late 1904, when Michael Stein announced that their trust account had accumulated a balance of 8,000 francs, a windfall. They spent this windfall at Vollard's Gallery, buying Gauguin's Sunflowers and Three Tahitians, Cézanne's Bathers, and two Renoirs. The art collection grew and the walls at 27 Rue de Fleurus were continuously rearranged to make way for new acquisitions.[9] In "the first half of 1905" the Steins acquired Cézanne's Portrait of Mme Cézanne and Delacroix’s Perseus and Andromeda.[10] Shortly after the opening of the Paris Autumn Salon of 1905 (on October 18, 1905), the Steins acquired Matisse's Woman with the Hat and Picasso's Young Girl with Basket of Flowers Eventually Gertrude came to the realization that she preferred women to men and Alice B. Toklas became her lover for the rest of her life. For far more information about Gertrude Stein I would recommend the following URL’s: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrude_Stein http://www.tenderbuttons.com/gsonline/index_2.html http://www.ellensplace.net/gstein1.html http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/s_z/stein/stein.htm http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/315 There are many more URL’s available on Google “Gertrude Stein” Capt’n John Gertrude Stein  American writer, an eccentric whose Paris home was a salon for the Cubist and experimental artist and writers, among them Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, Georges Braque, Juan Gris, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sherwood Anderson and Ernest Hemingway. Stein, a brilliant conversationalist, became a legend with her Roman senator haircut and verbal facility. Against all odds, she survived the persecution of sexual minorities and Jews during the German occupation of France in World War II. "Most of us balk at her soporific rigmaroles, her echolaliac incantations, her half-witted-sounding catalogues on numbers; most of us read her less and less. Yet, remembering especially her early work, we are still always aware of her presence in the background of contemporary literature - and we picture her as the great pyramidal Buddha of Jo Davidson's statue of her, eternally and placidly ruminating the gradual developments of the process of being, registering the vibrations of a psychological country like some august human seismograph whose charts we haven't the training to read." (Edmund Wilson in Axel's Castle, 1931) Gertrude Stein was born in Allegheny, Pennsylvania, of educated German-Jewish immigrants. Her father, Daniel Stein, was a traction-company executive, who had become wealthy through his investments in street railroads and real estate. His business took the family for four years to Vienna and Paris, when Stein was a child. In 1879 the family returned to America. With her parents, she made subsequently several cultural trips to Europe. After the death of her mother and father, Stein and two of her siblings lived with her mother's family in Baltimore. In 1893 Stein entered Harvard Annex (now Radcliffe College) in Cambridge. She studied psychology under William James (1842-1910) and experimented with automatic writing under his direction. James also visited Stein in Paris in 1908. After studies at Johns Hopkins medical school, Gertrude Stein moved to Paris without taking the M.D. degree. She lived there from 1903 with her brother Leo, and from 1914 with her life companion, Alice B. Toklas, an accomplished cook for the salon's guests at the 27 Rue de Fleurus flat, near Luxembourg Gardens. Her salon attracted intellectuals and artists to discuss new ideas in art and politics. In the atmosphere of creative energy, Stein wanted to produce modern literary version of the new art. In addition, she and her brother started to collect early works by such contemporary painters as Matisse and Picasso, who later described her as his only woman friend. Picasso met her first time at an informal art gallery established by Clovis Sagot, a former clown. He also painted a portrait of Stein in a brownish-gray monochrome. "Masculine, in her voice, in all her walk," described Picasso's lover Fernande Bellevallée her. "Fat, short, massive, beautiful head, strong, with noble features, accentuated regular, intelligent eyes." Stein's first novel, Q.E.D. (1903), remained unpublished until after her death perhaps because of its intimate, lesbian nature. As a writer Stein made her debut with THREE LIVES (1909), clearly influenced by the Jameses, novelist Henry and psychologist William. Stein's book was based on a reworking of a late Flaubert text called Trois Contes. Stein also tried to connect theories of Cubism to literature, as in the essay COMPOSITION AS EXPLANATION (1926), which was based on her lectures at Cambridge and Oxford. After differences emerged between the Cubists and the post-Impressionists, Stein sided with the former while her brother Leo championed the latter. Leo, who was left on the shadow of his sister, once bursted: "She's basically stupid and I'm basically intelligent." In her book about Picasso (1938) Stein recalled that in 1909 the artist showed her some photographs of a Spanish village to demonstrate how Cubist in reality they appeared. According to Stein, Picasso's paintings, such as 'Horta de Ebro' and 'Maison sur la colline' were almost exactly like the photographs. Her modernist literary style Stein lauched with THE MAKING OF AMERICANS, a family history and history of whole humanity. It was written between 1906 and 1908 but not published until 1925. Stein tried to translate in it Cubism's abstraction and disruption of perspective into a prose form and present an object or an experience from every angle simultaneously. The effect was reinforced by minimal use of punctuationn"... if writing should go on what had colons and semi-colons to do with it, what had commas to do with it" ('from 'Poetry and Grammar', in Lectures in America, 1935). As a result, her sentences grew longer and longer. Automatic writing, a technique favored by the Dadaists and Surrealists, also inspired her. >From the United States Stein's friend Mabel Dodge wrote in 1912 with enthusiasm about the Armory Show, calling it "the most important public event that has ever come off since the signing of the Declaration of Independence". The show opened in February 1913 and presented to the American public modern, revolutionary art from post-Impressionism to Cubism and Matisse. One of its most notorious exhibits was Marcel Duchamp's Nude Descending a Staircase. Dodge's article, which compared Stein's writing to Picasso's Cubism, appeared in the magazine Art and Decoration. Although Stein met Dodge only a few times, their correspondence lasted over 20 years. The poetry collection TENDER BUTTONS (1914) was a series of still live studies, such as 'A Chair', 'A Box', 'Roastbeef', 'End of Summer' and 'Apple'. Each of these is characterized by unexpected phrases. Her aim was to search ways to name things, "that would not invent names, but mean names without naming them." Thus 'Apple' reads "Apple plum, carpet steak, seed clam, coloured wine, calm seen, cold cream, best shake, potato and no gold work with pet, a green seen is called bake and change sweet is bready, a little piece please." When England declared war on Germany, Stein was visiting the philosopher Alfred North Whitehead in England, with her lover Toklas. After a brief trip to Majorca in 1915, they returned to Paris, joining the American Fund For French Wounded. She and Toklas received the French government's Medaille de la Reconnaissance Française in 1922. After the war Paris became a city of "the lost generation" as Stein would describe them, and replaced Vienna as the cultural center of avant-garde art, music and literature. 'Miss Furr and Miss Skeene', originally published in GEOGRAPHY AND PLAYS (1922), told of two women who live together. Within deliberately limited lexicon, Stein played with the meaning of the word "gay", but its underground meaning became more widely known when Vanity Fair reprinted the story in 1923. In 1934 Stein travelled to New York. Her opera, FOUR SAINTS IN THREE ACTS, music composed by Virgil Thomson, had become a huge success with an all-black cast. The procection was co-ordinated by John Houseman, who later cooperated with Orson Welles. Thomson's second opera, THE MOTHER OF US ALL (1947), was also based on Stein's text. Stein toured America, taught for several weeks at the University of Chicago, became a lifelong friend of Thornton Wilder, returned to France next year. In 'Poetry and Grammar', originally one of the lectures she gave, Stein published her most famous statement: "A rose is a rose is a rose is a rose." Toklas and Stein were both Jews, but they remained in France during World War II, living under the protection of Pétain in various country houses. A Vichy collaborator, who helped them to survive the occupation, was sentenced after the war to life imprisonment at hard labor. "America is my country and Paris is my home town and it is as it has come to be," Stein had once said. "After all anybody is as their land and air is. Anybody is as the sky is low or high, the air heavy or clean and anybody is as there is wind or no wind there. It is that which makes them and the arts they make and the work they do and the way they eat and the way they drink and the way they learn and everything" (from 'An American and France,' 1936) In December 1944 she returned to Paris. We cannot retrace our steps, going forward may be the same as going backwards. We cannot retrace our steps, retrace our steps. All my long life, all my long life, we do not retrace our steps, all my long life, but. (A silence a long silence) (from The Mother of Us All, concluding aria) Stein's best known work, THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF ALICE B. TOKLAS, is actually her own autobiography. Her later memoirs were EVERYBODY'S AUTOBIOGRAPHY (1937) and WARS I HAVE SEEN (1945). The last years of her live Stein suffered from cancer. She died on 27 July 1946 in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. Toklas lived on until 1967. Her memoirs, What is Remembered, appeared in 1963. Although Stein's works were highly modernistic and experimental, she also had a strong influence on such popular writer as Ernest Hemingway, who combined her use of repetitive patterns with vernacular speech. For further reading: Gertrude Stein by E. Sprigge (1957); Charmed Circle by James R. Mellow (1974); Everybody Who Was Anobody by Janet Hobhouse (1975); Language and Time and Gertrude Stein by C.F. Copeland (1975); Lesbian Images by J. Rule (1975); Different Language by M.A. De-Kove (1983); The Structure of Obscurity by R.K. Dubnick (1984); The Third Rose: Gertrude Stein and Her World by J.M. Brinnin (1987); Gertrude Stein by B.L. Knapp (1990); Gertrude and Alice by Diane Souhami (1991); Gertrude Stein: In Words and Pictures, ed. by Renate Stendhal (1994); Gertrude Stein Remembered, ed. by Linda Simon (1994) - See also: Richard Wright - Note: Stein launched the phrase "There's no there, there", originally applied to suburbanised American cities, but now used to describe the de-centered Internet. Selected bibliography: • THREE LIVES, 1909 (from Flaubert's Trois Contes) • TENDER BUTTONS, 1914 • A MOVIE, 1920 • REREAD ANOTHER, 1921 • OBJECTS LIE ON TABLE, 1922 • SAINTS AND SINGING, 1922 • GEOGRAPHY AND PLAYS, 1922 • AM I TO GO OR L'LL SAY SO, 1923 • CAPITAL CAPITALS, 1923 • A LIST, 1923 • THE MAKING AMERICANS, 1925 • COMPOSITION AS EXPLANATION, 1926 • A BOOK CONCLUDING WITH AS A WIFE HAS A COW, 1926 • A LYRICAL OPERA MADE BY TWO TO BE SUNG, 1928 • A BOUQUET, THEIR WILLS, 1928 • A VILLAGE, 1928 • FOUR SAINTS IN THREE ACTS, 1929 (with V. Thomson) • USEFUL KNOWLEDGE, 1929 • DEUX SOEURS QUI SONT PAS SOEURS, 1929 • AT PRESENT, 1930 • LOUIS XI AND MADAME GIRAUD, 1930 • MADAME RECAMIER, 1930 • PARLOR, 1930 • SIX PORTRAITS, 1930 • LUCY CHURCH, AMIABLY, 1930 • THE FIVE GEORGES, 1931 • CIVILIZATION, 1931 • HOW TO WRITE, 1931 • THEY MUST BE WEDDED, TO THEIR WIFE, 1931 • SAY IT WITH FLOWERS, 1931 • LYNN AND THE COLLEGE DE FRANCE, 1931 • MATISSE, PICASSO AND GERTRUDE STEIN, 1932 • THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF ALICE B. TOKLAS, 1933 - Alice B. Toklasin omaelämäkerta • FOUR SAINTS IN THREE ACTS, 1934 • PORTRAITS AND PRAYERS, 1934 • LECTURES IN AMERICA, 1935 • NARRATION, 1935 • THE GEOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF AMERICA, 1936 • A WEDDING BOUQUET, 1937 • EVERYBODY'S AUTOBIOGRAPHY, 1937 • PICASSO, 1938 • THE WORLD IS ROUND, 1939 • PARIS, FRANCE, 1940 • WHAT ARE MASTERPIECES, 1940 • IDA, 1941 - suom. (1988) • WARS I HAVE SEEN, 1945 • BREWSIE AND WILLIE, 1946 • THE FIRST READER, 1946 • SELECTED WRITINGS, 1946 (ed. C. Van Vechten) • IN SAVOY, 1946 • THE MOTHER OF US ALL, 1947 • FOUR IN AMERICA, 1947 • BLOOD ON THE DINING-ROOM FLOOR, 1948 • LAST OPERAS AND PLAYS, 1949 • THE THINGS AS THEY ARE, 1950 • TWO, 1951 • MRS REYNOLDS AND FIVE EARLIER NOVELLETTES, 1953 • AS FINE AS MELANCTHA, 1954 • PAINTED LACE AND OTHER PIECES, 1955 • A NOVEL OF THANK YOU, 1955 • STANZAS IN MEDITATIONAND OTHER POEMS, 1956 • BEE TIME VINE AND OTHER PIECES, 1957 • ALPHABETS AND BIRTHDAYS, 1957 • LOOK AT ME AND HERE I AM, 1967 • LUCRECIA BORGIA, 1968 • GERTRUDE STEIN ON PICASSO, 1970 • CORRESPONDENCE AND PERSONAL ESSAYS, 1972 • FERNHURST, QED AND OTHER EARLY WRITINGS, 1972 • PREVIOUSLY UNCOLLECTED WRITINGS, 1974 • THE LETTERS OF GERTRUDE STEIN AND CARL VAN VECHTEN 1913-1946, 1986 • OPERAS & PLAYS, 1987 (first published in 1932) • REALLY READING GERTRUDE STEIN, 1989 • LIFTING BELLY, 1989 • THE CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN MABEL DODGE AND GERTRUDE STEIN, 1996 • GERTRUDE STEIN: WRITINGS 1903-1932, 1998 • GERTRUDE STEIN: WRITINGS 1932-46, 1988

Happy Birthday, Mick Jean Oz ----- Original Message ----- From: "Dave Cox" <bumblestum@ntlworld.com> To: <gen-trivia-eng@rootsweb.com> Sent: Wednesday, July 30, 2008 5:24 AM Subject: [TRIVVIES] Birthday reminder for tomorrow (30th) > Off to a place not too far from Wolverhampton Wanderers > where this young chaps missus is waiting for the season to start !!!!!!!! > Happy Happy Birthday Mick (Wolfies partner) > Lots of Love and Hugs > Dave, Pam and Nikki > > > "IS THE SUBJECT LINE STILL RELEVANT? > If not, PLEASE change it." > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > GEN-TRIVIA-ENG-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without > the quotes in the subject and the body of the message > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >

A very Happy Birthday to you Mick from us three. Hope you have a wonderful day tomorrow. Kindest Regards Johno, Mary and Cathy

Happy Birthday Mick Val xx > Off to a place not too far from Wolverhampton Wanderers > where this young chaps missus is waiting for the season to start !!!!!!!! > Happy Happy Birthday Mick (Wolfies partner) > Lots of Love and Hugs > Dave, Pam and Nikki > > > "IS THE SUBJECT LINE STILL RELEVANT? > If not, PLEASE change it." > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > GEN-TRIVIA-ENG-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without > the quotes in the subject and the body of the message