Again you seem to be missing the point of what I discussed earlier. The Plantagenet Y-DNA is going back to Richard is uniquely type G. This is also common in Alania (modern day Ossetia) from which the Alan's settled in Gaul as mercenaries to the Romans about the 4th or 5th century. The location of the Plantagenet in Gaul corresponds with Alan settlement in Roman times. They are also likely to be the upstart kings for historical reasons which I will not delve into here. Of course, it is also possible that the Type G DNA *just happened* to pre-exist in pre-Roman times, and that this *just happened* to be passed down to the Plantagenet kings, or alternatively, that Richard's uncharacteristic DNA was actually the product of an out of wedlock union. I am not buying any of it! Sent from my iPhone