Dear all, It's been a long while since I have not posted on this list, for good reasons though since two daughters were born in the meantime... As many "medieval genealogists" I am very interested in discovering "non-christian" ancestors. Since my family research focuses mainly on southern Italy and Spain, I am actually pretty lucky in this regard. I have seen posts in the archives trying to list the "Jewish ancestors of european nobility" since there are not that many of them who have a proven line. I can contribute to this effort, adding below a few proven ancestors. The main source of information is an article published by Pedro de Montaner, head of the Mallorca municipal archives, and available freely at https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3319446 This article focuses on various families of "judeoconversos" of Mallorca who moved and settled in Sicily, integrating Sicilian nobility through marriage. Do not think that these individuals cannot be connected to today's genealogists: my wife (and my two daughters) descend from five of these families: the Tarongi/Torongi, the Vallseca, the Sanchez, the Ram and the Ribesaltes. All of these families and their members have incredibly fascinating stories that can be partially reconstructed thanks to several academic works: - the Tarongi were booksellers/bookbinders in Mallorca in the XVth century, then merchants - the Vallseca line begins with Gabriel de Vallseca, famous cartographer in the XVth century https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_de_Vallseca - the Sanchez and Ram family members had to flee Zaragoza after they took part in the murder of the Inquisitor Pedro Arbuès, and Gabriel Sanchez (brother of my wife's ancestor Juan Sanchez) was one of the three people to whom Christopher Columbus wrote to announce "America's discovery" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_de_Arbu%C3%A9s - Juan de Ribesaltes was king Juan II de Aragón's doctor and was executed at the end of the XVth century by the Spanish Inquisition To these ancestors who have descendants in Sicily (and probably in Spain as well), I can add another ancestor not covered by Montaner's article. Here the source is an article by Vincent Parello, professor at Bordeaux university, article freely downloadable at http://www.persee.fr/doc/hispa_0007-4640_2000_num_102_1_5031 The article tells the story of Violante Gonzalez who died probably in 1466 and whose bones were taken out of the grave and burnt by the Inquisition in 1491, 25 years after her death ! Violante is an ancestor to some Sicilian nobles through the Fardella family (who, by the way, are also the "gateway ancestors" to the Tarongi) I'll be interested in any bibliographical suggestion to deepen my reseach on these families. Best regards, Antoine Barbry