Hi, This suggests that this village was mostly populated by Britons, and probably outside of the borders of the old Celtic country of Elmet or Loidis. Elmet roughly occupied the area of the West Riding. There is no record that it was ever conquered by the Saxons, and is thought to have been annexed by them and so protected. - Edwin of Deira "annexed the little Celtic State of Elmet or Loidis, in the Yorkshire West Riding, which had probably already been made tributary by Aethelfrith, and expelled its king Cerdic. .............. if we accept Bede's rather vaguely worded narrative of his (Edwin's) conquests, we must place them all in the time after 626." (extract from Sir Charles Oman's "A History of England Before the Norman Conquest"). The name Wales, is a Saxon word meaning, 'The Land of the foreigners". Wallachia in Eastern Europe and the Walloons of Belgium, are also so named by the Saxons. I think therefore that the village of Wales must have been a small offshoot of Elmet, in a predominently Saxon area. It is now thought that the Saxons didn't commit absolute genocide, but large pockets of Celts were absorbed into their kingdoms. English grammar has retained something of the old language of Cymraeg. For example we use a present continuous tense as do the Welsh - "I am giving". Franco-Germanic languages would simply say, "I give" when using the present tense. Furthermore, we tend to answer a question, with an affirmative sentence like "I do", instead of just saying 'yes'. There is no word for 'yes' in Welsh. They would answer "Ydw" (pronounced er doh). This cannot have come about if the races didn't mingle. England by the way is known as Lloegr, meaning "The Lost Lands". Best Regards Malcolm Hutton ----- Original Message ----- From: "etpickard" <etpickard@rogers.com> To: <ENG-YKS-BRADFORD-L@rootsweb.com> Sent: Monday, March 17, 2003 2:45 PM Subject: Re: [ BRAD] Wales, York, England > Hi Wendy, > > Wales is in South Yorkshire very close to Killamarsh & Sheffield. > > Kindest regards. > Elaine Pickard. Ottawa. Canada. > --- Outgoing mail is certified Virus Free. Checked by AVG anti-virus system (http://www.grisoft.com). Version: 6.0.463 / Virus Database: 262 - Release Date: 17/03/2003