Extracted From: A LAW DICTIONARY ..., SIXTH EDITION, 1856 by John Bouvier, CHILDS & PETERSON, PHILADELPHIA S. section. S. B. Upper Bench. S.& B. Smith & Batty's Reports. S. C. Same Case. S. C. C. Select Cases in Chancery. S. C. Rep. South Carolina Reports. S.& L. Schoales & Lefroy's Reports. S.& M. Shaw & Maclean's Reports. S.& M. Ch. R. Smedes & Marshall's Reports of Cases decided by the Superior Court of Chancery of Mississippi. S.& M. Err. & App. Smedes & Marshall's Reports of Cases in the High Court of Errors and Appeals of Mississippi. S. P. Same Point. S.& R. Sergeant & Rawle's Reports. S.& S. Sausse & Scully's Reports. S.& S. Simon & Stuart's Chancery Reports. Sa.& Scul. Sausse & Scully's Reports. Sandl. St. Pap. Sandler's State Papers. Salk. Salkeld's Reports. Sandf. Rep. Reports of Cases argued and determined in the Court of Chancery of the State of New York, before the Hon. Lewis H. Sandford, Assistant vice Chancellor of the First Circuit. Sand. U.& T. Sanders on Uses and Trusts. Sanf. on Ent. Sanford on Entails. Sant. de Assoc. Santerna, de Asecurationibus. Saund. Saunders' Reports. Saund. Pl. & ev. Saunders' Treatise on the Law of Pleading and Evidence. Sav. Saville's Reports. Sav. Dr. Rom. Savigny, Droit Romain. Sav. Dr. Rom. M. A. Savigny, Droit Romain au Moyen Age. Sav. Hist. Rom. Law. Savigny's History of the Roman Law during the Middle Ages. Translated from the German of Carl Von Savigny, by E. Cathcart. Say. Costs. Sayer's Law of Costs. Say. Sayer's Reports. SC. Senatus consultum. Scad. de Cam. Scaddia de Cambiis. Scam. Rep. Scammon's Reports of Cases argued and determined in the Supreme Court of Illinois. Scan. Mag. Scandalum Magnatum. Sch.& Lef. Schoales & Lefroy's Reports. Scheiff. Pr. Scheiffer's Practice. Schul. Aq. R. Schultes on Aquatic Rights. Sci. Fa. Scire Facias. Sci. fa. ad. dis. deb. Scire facias ad disprobandum debitum, (q.v.) Scil. Scilicet, i.e. scire licet, that is to say. Sco. N.R. Scott's new Reports. Scott's R. Scott's Reports. Scriv. Copyh. Scriven's Copyholds. Seat. F. Ch. Seaton's Forms in Chancery. Sec. Section. Sec. Leg. Secundum legem; according to law. Sec. Reg. Secundum regulam; according to rule. Sedgw. on Dam. Sedgwick on Damages. Sel. Ca. Chan. Select Cases in Chancery. Vide S. C. C. Seld. mar. Cla. Selden's Mare Clausum. Self. Tr. Selfridge's Trial. Sell. Pr. Sellon's Practice in K. B. and C. P. Selw. N. P. Selwyn's Nisi Prius. Selw. R. Selwyn's Reports. These Reports are usually cited M.& S. Maule & Selwyn's Reports. Sem. or Semb. Semble, it seems. Sen. Senate. Seq. Sequentia. Serg. on Att. Sergeant on the Law of Attachment. Serg. Const. Law. Sergeant on constitutional Law. Serg. on Land L. Sergeant on the Land Laws of Pennsylvania. Serg.& Loub. Sergeant & Louber's edition of the English Common Law Reports; more usually cited Eng. Com. Law Rep. Serg.& Rawle. or S.R. Reports of Cases adjudged in the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. By Thomas Sergeant and William Rawle, Jun. Sess. Ca. Sessions Cases in K. B., chiefly touching Settlements. Set. on Dec. Seton on Decrees. Shaw & Macl. Shaw & Maclean's Reports. Shelf. Lun. Shelford on Lunacy. Shelf. on Mort. Shelford on the Law of Mortmain. Shelf. on Railw. Shelford on Railways. Shelf. on R. Pr. Shelford on Real Property. Shep. To. Sheppard's Touchstone. Shepl. R. Shepley's Reports. Sher. Sheriff. Show. P. C. Shower's Parliamentary Cases. Show. R. Shower's Reports in the Court of King's Bench. Shub. Jur. Lit. Shuback de Jure Littoris. Sid. Siderfin's Reports. Sim. Simon's Chancery Reports. In Con. C.R. Sim.& Stu. Simon & Stuart's Chancery Reports. Skene, Ver. Sign. Skene de Verborum Significatione; an explanation of terms, difficult words, &c. Skin. Skinner's Reports. Skirr. Und. Sher. Skirrow's Complete Practical Under Sheriff. Slade's Rep. Slade's Reports. More usually cited Vermont Reports. Smed & Marsh. Ch. R. Smedes & Marshall's Reports of Cases decided by the High Court of Errors and Appeals of Mississippi. Smith & Batty. Smith & Batty's Reports. Smith's Ch. Pr. Smith's Chancery Practice. Smith's For. Med. Smith's Forensic Medicine. Smith's Hints. Smith's Hints for the Examination of Medical Witnesses. Smith on M. L. Smith on Mercantile Law. Sm. on Pat. Smith on the Law of Patents. Smith's R. Smith's Reports in K. B., together with Cases in the Court of Chancery. Sol. Solutio, the answer to an objection. South. Car. R. South Carolina Reports. South. R. Southard's Reports. Sp. of Laws. Spirit of Laws, by Montesquieu. Spelm. Feuds. Spelman on Feuds. Spel. Gl. Spelman's Glossary. Spence on Eq. Jur. of Ch. Spence on the Equitable Jurisdiction of Chancery. Spenc. R. Spencer's Reports. Speers' Eq. Cas. Equity Cases argued and determined in the Court of Appeals of South Carolina. By R. H. Speers. Speers' Rep. Speers' Reports. Ss. usually put in small letters, ss. Scilicet, that is to say. St. or Stat. Statute. St. Armand. Hist. Ess. St. Armand's Historical Essay on the Legislative Power of England. Stant. R. Stanton's Reports. Stath. Ab. Statham's Abridgment. St. Cas. Stillingfleet's Cases. St. Tr. State Trials. Stair's Inst. Stair's Inst. Stair's Institutions of the Law of Scotland. Stallm. on Elec. & Sat. Stallman on Election and Satisfaction. Stark. Starkie's Ev. Starkie on the Law of Evidence. Stark. Cr. Pl. Starkie's Criminal Pleadings. Stark. R. Starkie's Reports. Stark. on Sl. Starkie on Slander and Libel. Stat. Statutes. Stat. Wes. Statute of Westminster. Staunf or Staunf. P. C. Staunford's Pleas of the Crown. Stearn. on R. A. Stearne on Real Actions. Steph. Comm. Stephen's New Commentaries on the Law of England. Steph. Cr. Law. Stephen on Criminal Law. Steph. Pl. Stephen on Pleading. Steph. Proc. Stephen on Procurations. Steph. on Slav. Stephens on Slavery. Stev. on Av. Stevens on Average. Stev.& B. on Av. Stevens & Beneke on Average. Stew. Adm. Rep. Stewart's Reports of Cases argued and determined in the Court of Vice Admiralty at Halifax. Stew. R. Stewart's Reports. Stew.& Port's. Stewart & Porter's Reports. Story on Bail. Story's Commentaries on the Law of Bailments. Story on Const. Story on the Constitution of the United States. Story on Eq. Story's Commentaries on Equity Jurisprudence. Story's L. U. S. Story's edition of the Laws of the United States, in 3 vols. The 4th and 5th volumes are a continuation of the same work by George Sharswood, Esq. Story on Partn. Story on Partnership. Story on Pl. Story on Pleading. Story, R. Story's Reports. Str. Strange's Reports. Stracc. de Mer. Straccha de Mercatura, Navibus Assecurationibus. Strah. Dom. Straham's Translation of Domat's Civil Law. Strob. R. Strobhart's Reports. Stroud's Dig. Stroud's Digest of the Laws of Pennsylvania. Stuart's (L.C.) R. Reports of Cases in the Court of King's bench in the Provincial Court of Appeals of Lower Canada, and Appeals before the Lords of the Privy Council. By George O'Kill Stuart, Esq. Sty. Style's Reports. Sugd. Lett. Sugden's Letters. Sugd., Sugd. Pow. Sugden on Powers. Sugd. Vend. Sugden on Vendors. Sull. Lect. Sullivan's Lectures on the Feudal Law, and the Constitution and Laws of England. Sull. on Land Tit. Sullivan's History of Land Titles in Massachusetts. Sum. Summa, the Summary of a law. Sumn. R. Sumner's Circuit Court Reports. Supers. Supersedeas. Supp. Supplement. Supp. to Ves. Jr. Supplement to Vesey Junior's Reports. Swan on Eccl. Cts. Swan on the Jurisdiction of Ecclesiastical Courts. Swanst. Swanston's Reports. Sweet on Wills. Sweet's Popular Treatise on Wills. Swift's Dig. Swift's Digest of the Laws of Connecticut. Swift's Ev. Swift's Evidence. Swift's Sys. Swift's System of the Laws of Connecticut. Swinb. Swinburn on the Law of Wills and testaments. This work is generally cited by reference to the part, book, chapter, &c. Swinb. on Desc. Swinburne on the Law of Descents. Swinb. on Mar. Swinburne on Marriage. Swinb. on Spo. Swinburne on Spousals. Sw. Swinburne on Wills. Syst. Plead. System of Pleading. T. Title. T.& G. Tyrwhitt & Granger's Reports. T.& P. Turner & PHillips' Reports. T. Jo. Sir Thomas Jones' Reports. T. L. Termes de la Ley, or Terms of the Law. T. R. Term Reports. Ridgeway's Reports are sometimes cited Irish Tr. T. R. Teste Rege. T.& R. Turner & Russell's Chancery Reports. T.& R. Turner & Russell's Reports. T. R. E. or T. E. R. Tempore Regis Edwardi. This abbreviation is frequently used in Domesday Book, and in the more ancient Law writers. See Tyrrel's Hist. Eng., introd. viii. p. 49. See also Co. Inst. 86, a,where in a quotation from Domesday Book, this abbreviation is interpreted Terra Regis Edwardi; but in Cowell's Dict. verb. Reveland, it is said to be wrong. T. Raym. Sir Thomas Raymond's Reports. T. U. P. Charlt. T. U. P. Charlton's Reports. Tait on Ev. Tait on Evidence. Taml. on Ev. Tamlyn on Evidence, principally with reference to the Practice of the Court of Chancery, and in the Master's office. Taml. R. Tamlyn's Reports of Cases decided in Chancery. Taml. T. Y. Tamlyn on Terms for Years. Tapia. Jur. Mer. Tratade de Jurisprudentia Mercantil. Taunt. Taunto's Reports. Tayl. on Ev. Taylor on Evidence. Tayl Cir. L. Taylor's Civil Law. Tayl. Law glo. Taylor's Law Glossary. Tayl. L.&T. Taylor's Treatise on the American Law of Landlord and Tenant. Tech. Dict. Crabb's Technological Dictionary. Thach. Crim. Cas. Thacher's Criminal Cases. Th. Br. Thesaurus brevium. Th. Dig. Theloall's Digest. Theo. of Pres. Pro. Theory of Presumptive Proof. Theo. Pres. Pro. Theory of Presumptive Proof, or an Inquiry into the Nature of Circumstantial Evidence. Tho. Co. Litt. Coke upon Littleton' newly arranged on the plan of Sir Matthew Hale's Analysis. By J. H. Thomas, Esq. Thomp. on Bills. Thompson on Bills. Tho. U. J. Thomas on Universal Jurisprudence. Tidd's Pr. Tidd's Practice. tit. Title. Toll. Ex. Toller's Executors. Toml. L. D. Tomlin's Law dictionary. Toth. Tothill's reports. Touchs. Sheppard's Touchstone. Toull. Le Droit civil Francais suivant Pordre du Code; ouvrage dans lequel on a tache de reunir la eorie a la practique. Par M. C. B. M. Toullier. This work is sometimes cited Toull. Dr. Civ. Fr. liv. 3, t. 2, c. 1, n. 6; at other times, 3 Toull. n. 86, which latter signifies vol. 3 of Toullier's work, No. 86. Tr. Eq. Treatise of Equity; the same as Fonblanque on Equity. Traill, Med. Jur. Outlines of a Course of Lectures on Medical Jurisprudence. By Thomas Stewart Traill, M.D. Treb. Jur. de la Med. Jurisprudence de la Medecine, de la Chirurgie, et de la Pharmacie. Par Adolphe Trebuchet. Trem. Tremaine's Pleas of the Crown. Tri. of 7 Bish. Trial of the Seven Bishops. Tri. per Pais. Trials per Pais. Trin. Trinity Term. Tuck. Bl. Com. Blackstone's Commentaries, edited by Judge Tucker. Turn. R. Turner's Reports of Cases determined in Chancery. Turn.& Russ. Turner & Russell's Chancery Reports. Tuck. Com. Tucker's Commentaries. Turn.& Phil Turner & PHillips' Reports. Tyl. R. Tyler's Reports. Tyrw. Tyrwhitt's Exchequer Reports. Tyrw.& Gra. Tyrwhitt & Granger's Reports. Tyt. Mil. Law. Tytler's Essay on Military Law and the Practice of Military Courts Martial. U.S. United States of America. U.S. Dig. United States Digest. See Metc.& Perk. Dig. Ult. Ultimo, ultima, last, usually applied to last title, paragraph or law. Umfrev. Off of Cor. Umfreville's Office of Coroner. Under Sher. Under Sheriff, containing the office and duty of High Sheriff, Under Sheriffs and Bailiffs. Ux. et. Et uxor, et uxorem, and wife. V. Versus, against; as AB. v. CD. V. Versiculo, in such a verse. V. Vide, see. V. or v. Voce; as Spelm Gloss. v. Cancelarious. V.& B. Vesey & Beames' Reports. V. C. Vice Chancellor. Vac. Voce, or Vocem. V.& S. Vernon & Scriven's Reports. Val. Com. Valin's Commentaries. Van. Heyth. Mar. Ev. Van Heythuysen's Essay upon marine Evidence, in Courts of Law and Equity. Vand. Jud. Pr. Vanderlinden's Judicial Practice. Vat. or Vattel. Battle's Law of Nations. Vaug. Vaughan's Reports. Vend. Ex. Venditioni Exponas. Ventr. Ventris' Reports. Verm. R. Vermont Judges' Reports. Vern. Vernon's Reports. Vern.& Scriv. Vernon & Scriven's Reports of Cases in the King's Courts, Dublin. Verpl. Contr. Verplanck on Contracts. Verpl. Ev. Verplanck on Evidence. Ves. Vesey Senior's Reports. Ves. Jr. Vesey Junior's Reports. Ves.& Bea. Vesey & Beames' Reports. Vet. N. B. Old Natura Brevium. Vid. Vidian's Entries. Vin. Ab. Viner's Abridgment. Vin. Supp. Supplement to Viner's Abridgment. Vinn. Vinnius. Viz. Videlicet, that is to say. Vs. Versus. W. 1, W. 2. Statutes of Westminster, 1 and2. W. C. C. R. Washington's Circuit Court Reports. W.& C. Wilson & Courtenay's Reports. W. Jo. Sir William Jones' Reports. W. Kel. William Kelynge's Reports. W.& M. William and Mary. W.& M. Rep. Woodbury & Minot's Reports. W.& S. Wilson & Shaw's Reports of Cases decided in the House of Lords. Walf. on Part. Walford's Treatise on the Law respecting Parties to Actions. Walk. Ch. Ca. Walker's Chancery Cases. Walk. Am. R. or Walk. Introd. Walker's Introduction to American Law. Walk. R. Walker's Reports. Wall. R. Wallace's Circuit Court Reports. Ward, on Leg. Ward on Legacies. Ware's R. Reports of Cases argued and determined in the District Court of the United States, for the District of Maine. Warr. L. S. Warren's Law Studies. Wash. C. C. Washington's Circuit Court Reports. Washb. R. Washburn's Vermont Reports. Wat. Cop. Watkin's Copyhold. Watk. Conv. Watking's Principles of conveyancing. Wats. Cler. Law. Watson's Clergyman's Law. Wats. on Arb. Watson on the Law of Arbitrations and Awards. Wats. on Partn. Watson on the Law of Partnership. Wats. on Sher. Watson on the Law relating to the office and duty of Sheriff. Watt's R. Watt's Reports. Watts & Serg. Watts & Sergeant's Reports. Welf. on Eq. Plead. Welford on Equity Pleading. Wellw. Ab. Wellwood's Abridgment of Sea Laws. Wend. R. Wendell's Reports. Wentw. Wentworth. Wentw. Off. Ex. Wentworth's Office of Executor. Wentw. Pl. Wentworth's System of Pleading. Wesk. Ins. Weskett on the Law of Insurance. West's Parl. Rep. West's parliamentary Reports. West's Rep. West's Reports of Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. West's Symb. West's Symboliography, or a description of instruments and precedents, 2 parts. Westm. Westminister; Westm. I. Westminister primer. Weyt. on Av. Quintin Van Weytsen on Average. Whart. Cr. Law. Wharton on the Criminal Law of the United States. Whart. Dig. Wharton's Digest. Whart. Law Lex. Wharton's Law Lexicon, or Dictionary of Jurisprudence. Whart. R. Wharton's Reports. Wheat. Wheaton. Wheat. R. Wheatons' Reports. Wheat. on Capt. Wheaton's Digest of the Law of Maritime Captures and Prizes. Wheat. Hist. of L. of N. Wheaton's History of the Law of Nations in Europe and America. Wheel. Ab. Wheeler's Abridgments. Wheel Cr. Cas. Wheeler's Criminal Cases. Wheel on Slav. Wheeler on Slavery. Whish. L. D. Whishaw's Law Dictionary. Whit. on Liens. Whitaker on the Law of Liens. Whit. on Trans. Whitaker on Stoppage in Transitu. White's New Coll. A New Collections of the Laws, Charters, and Local Ordinances of the Governments of Great Britain, France, Spain, &c. Whitm. B. L. Whitmarsh's Bankrupt Law. Wicq. L'Ambassadeur et ses fonctions, par de Wicquefort. Wightw. Wightwich's Reports in the Exchequer. Wigr. on Disc. Wigram on Discovery. Wilc. on Mun. Cor. Wilcock on Municipal Corporations. Wilc. R. Wilcox's Reports. Wilk Leg. Ang. Sax. Wilkin's leges Anglo-Saxionicae. Wilk. on Lim. Wilkinson on Limitations. Wilk on Publ. Funds. Wilkinson on the Law relating to the Public Funds, including the Practice of Distringas, &c. Wilk. on Repl. Wilkinson on the Law of Replevin. Will. Auct. Williams on the Law of Auctions. Will. on Eq. Pl. Willis' Treatise on Equity Pleadings. Will. on Inter. Willis on Interrogatories. Will. L. D. Williams' Law Dictionary. Will. Per. Pr. Williams' Principles of the Law of Personal Property. Will. (P.) Rep. Peere Williams' Reports. Willc. Off. of Const. Willcock on the Office of Constable. Willes' R. Willes' Reports. Wills on Cir. Ev. Wills on Circumstantial Evidence. Wils. on uses. Wilson on Springing Uses. Wilm on Mortg. Wilmot on Mortgages. Wilm. Judg. Wilmot's NOtes of Opinions and Judgments. Wils. on Arb. Wilson on Arbitration. Wils. Ch. R. Wilson's Chancery Reports. Wils.& Co. Wilson & courtenay's Reports. Wils. Ex. R. Wilson's Exchequer Reports. Wils.& Sh. Wilson & Shaw's Reports decided by the House of Lords. Wils. R. Wilson's Reports. Win. Winch's Entries. Win. R. Winch's Reports. Wing. Max. Wingate's MAxims. Wins. Just. Williams' Justice. Wms. R., more usually, P. Wms. Peere Williams' Reports. Wolff. Inst. Wolffius Institutiones Juris Naturae. Wood's Inst., or Wood's Inst. Com.. L. Wood's Institutes of the Common Law of England. Wood's Inst. Civ. Law. Wood's Institutes of the Civil Law. Wood & Min. Rep. Woodbury and Minot's Reports. Woodes. Wooddesson. Woodes. El Jur. Woodesson's Elements of Jurisprudence. Woodes. Lect. Wooddesson's Vinerian Lectures. Woodf. L. and T. Woodfall on the Law of Landlord and Tenant. Woodm. R. Woodman's Reports of Criminal Cases tried in the Municipal Court of the City of Boston. Wool. Com. L. Woolrych's commercial Law. Wool. L. W. Woolrych's law of Waters. Woolr. on Com. Law. Woolrych's Treatise on the Commercial and Mercantile Law of England. Wool. on Ways. Woolrych on Ways. Worth. on Jur. Worthington's Inquiry into the Power of Juries to decide incidentally on Questions of Law. Worth. Pre. Wills. Worthington's General Precedents for Wills, with practical notes. Wright's R. Wright's Reports. Wright, Fr. Soc. Wright on Friendly Societies. Wright, Ten. Sir Martin Wright's Law of Tenures. Wy. Pr. Reg. Wyatt's Practical REgister. X. The decretals of Gregory the ninth are denoted by the letter X, thus, X. Y. B. Year Books, (q.v.) Y.& C. Younge & Collyer's Exchequer Reports. Y.& C. N. C. Younge & Collyer's New Cases. Y.& J. Younge & Jervis' Exchequer Reports. Yeates, R. Yeates' Reports. Yearb. Year Book. Yelv. Yelverton's Reports. Yerg. R. Yerger's Reports. Yo.& Col. Younge & Collyer's Exchequer Reports. Yo.& Col. N. C. Younge and Collyer's New Cases. Yo. Rep. Younge's Reports. Yo.& Jer. Younge & Jervis' Reports. Zouch's Adm. Zouch's Jurisdiction of the Admiralty of England, asserted.