Answering the question of O'Connell Kit 179948 from Galway. There is another O'Congaile family from Cill achaidh duibh, a branch of Ui Fiachra Finn in Ui Amhalgaigh. (linked to the barony of Tirawley in Sligo). http://books.google.com/books?id=fgMGAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA9&lpg=PA9&dq=O'Congaile+of+Cill+achaidh+duibh&source=bl&ots=r6mnrHqpK2&sig=0mwYeiWwfCMtjKLMFK63QMSLak4&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0hFxUoH0Hue-sQTfuYCgDw&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=O'Congaile%20of%20Cill%20achaidh%20duibh&f=false As to O'Connell families in general I read of three identified septs: one from south Kerry (associated with Ui Echach Mumhan); one from Derry (possible Cenel nEchdach of Cenel Eoghain and now possibly a branch of Ui Fiachrah Finn) and another from Galway. There is Galway O'Connell family recorded in O'Donovan's "The Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, commonly called O'Kelly's Country", which covers areas of Galway: "These are the seven oirrighi i.e. sub-chiefs of Hy-Many, viz., O'Conaill, and he has the same patrimony as Mac Cnaimhin and O'Dubhurrla." and "O'Conaill and Mac Eidhigan have the marshallship of the forces, and the Hy-Fiachrach Finn and the race of Soghan have the office of taisigheacht scuir." Mention of Hy-Fiachrach Finn reminds me of the Lally 181933 results of DF85+ and DF97 unknown. O'Donovan translates: "The kings of Maenmagh are Muintir Neachtain and the O'Maeilallaidhs [Lallys]. And the king of Erin, strange to say, gives a subsidy to the chiefs of the Hy-Fiachrach Finn, more than [or in preference to] the king of Hy-Many." http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G105007.html Looking up O'Donovan note to the passage I find:  "The O'Maeilallaidhs.—This family was afterwards removed from Moenmagh to the parish of Tuam, where they resided in the castle of Tolendal, four miles to the north of the town of Tuam. The head of this family removed to France after the defeat of the Irish, at Aughrim, and was the ancestor of the celebrated statesman and orator Count Lally Tolendal, who was created Marquis by Napoleon. The French and Tuam branches of this family are now extinct, but there are many of the name still in the original territory of Moenmoy in narrow circumstances, who retain the original form of the name, except that in writing it in English they reject the O', which has become a general practice among the Irish peasantry. O'Dugan also, in his topographical poem, mentions the O'Neachtains and O'Mullallys as the chiefs of Moenmagh. His words are: Ríogha Maonmhuíghe na mal, / D'ar ab duthaidh an donn-chlár,— / Dias do thechtaid an taobh sin,— / O'Neachtain, O'Maoilalaidh; / A n-gleo co trom is na t! achraibh,/ As leo an fonn co Fiachrachaibh. 'The kings of Maonmagh of chiefs, / To whom the rich plain is hereditary,— / Two who have strengthened that side,— / O'Naghten and O'Mullally; / Their fight is heavy in the battles; / They possess the land as far as Hy-Fiachrach.' This extract is curious, as proving that Maonmagh was bounded on one side by the country of the Hy-Fiachrach-Aidhne, which was co-extensive with the diocese of Kilmacduagh, as could be demonstrated from the most authentic and clearest evidences." The DNA result suggest the Lally where Ui Fiachrach and like over Ui Briuin families had been absorbed into the expanding Ui Maine. For the O'Connell issue it all comes down to knowing your terminal SNP (below M222). Which leads to the question whether Chromo2 define other non-northern Ui Neill families? (I think there my be a Scottish (Northern Ui Neill bias in its creation). However I don't think this will be important in regard to the O'Connell Kit 179948 from Galway. For I suspect them as being Ui Fiachrach and hence should be DF85+. For as O'Donovan pointing out that the Lally possessed Ui-Fiachrach Aidhne lands. It would appear that the Lally are from a branch of Ui Fiachrach and are DF85+ This leads me to believe from the Lally' DNA result that we should consider the Cenel Conaill to be a sub-branch of Ui Fachrach. Probably pushed in Donegal by an expanding Ui Briuin.