"Paul, I'm not sure I get that. Were the two M222-?" John, I knew you would spot the defect in my logic when I tested the O'Beirne from Roscommon and the non-related (to me) Burns from Sligo for DF23 (both positive). FTDNA had them as "predicted M269," which is not much help of course, but their STRs contained the M222 indicators. But since they were on the fringes of my Byrne/Burns/Beirne NWI cluster, and since some accounts had Niall, Brion, and Fiachra living in Roscommon, I wondered if they could be pre-M222. After ordering the DF23 tests, I realized that I should have started with M222 tests, then worked upwards if that test turned out negative. So I still do not know whether they are DF23+/M222+ or DF23+/M222-. Paul