DJ and Gabi, Thank so very much for the emigration information. It was very informative! My great-grandfather, Michael Spahnle and his brother Joseph, fled Germany during the 1850's. According to the family story passed down, they deserted the army because of the horrific living conditions. Michael also lived in fear of the Germans coming to get him. It is really sad that more people do not subscribe to your mailing list. From people like you I have learned a lot. Thank you. Maurine