----- Original Message ----- From: "Frank Kurchina" <frankur@worldnet.att.net> To: <CROATIA-L@rootsweb.com> Sent: Saturday, March 23, 2002 1:09 PM Subject: Re: [CROATIA-L] Austrian draft pre-WW1 > > > Robert Jerin wrote: > > > > ----- Original Message ----- > > From: "Frank Kurchina" <frankur@worldnet.att.net> > > To: <CROATIA-L@rootsweb.com> > > Sent: Saturday, March 23, 2002 10:10 AM > > Subject: Re: [CROATIA-L] Austrian draft pre-WW1 > > > > > > > > > > > JimTedrick@aol.com wrote: > > > > > > > > My gr. grandfather Gajo Kukic (44) came from Goricka through Trieste in > > > > February 1913 to Ellis and his son Stojsa 15 and a half (16 on the > > manifest) > > > > through Bremen in November 1913. I have read that even though war had > > not > > > > formally started that there were hostlities in the part of the wourld > > where > > > > they came from. I wonder if they were avoiding military service in any > > way? > > > > They left their wife/mother behind and as far as I know never made it > > back. > > > > Jim > > > > > > Jim, > > > > > > Just a thought > > > > > > Believe military conscription was between ages 18-45 with 3 years > > > active service followed by a reserve (militia) commitment. > > > > > > It is strange that your gr. GF would travel 130 miles from Goric^ka to > > > Trieste, so he could sail down the Adriatic Sea (450 miles ?) then > > > around > > > the boot of Italy and across the Mediterranean Sea and only then across > > > the > > > Atlantic Ocean to NYC. > > > > > > While his son traveled 646 miles (probably by train) from Goric^ka to > > > Bremen, > > > Germany and then sailed across the North Sea and Atlantic Ocean to NYC. > > > > > > Perhaps it was just a question of cheaper ship fare ? > > > > Could have been a cheaper fair or one of a few other factors. > > > > There certainly were fewer Croatians leaving via Adriatic ports of Trieste > > and Fiume (Rijeka) than there were via Bremen. But severl factors no doubt > > determined port of departure. Those factors involved shipping agents and > > land transportation available. There were shipping agents working in > > various places at various times. Sometimes US companies would work in > > conjunction with shipping agents recruiting labor for US mines, mills, > > factories and lumbering operations. The following port of departure data is > > from the Burgenland bunch web page. > > > > Prior to 1918, the the majority of Austro-Hungarian emigrants left from the > > following ports as the numbers indicate: > > > > Hamburg & Bremen- 2,389,325 > > Rotterdam & Antwerp- 653,613 > > Le Havre- 89,335 > > > > Some emigrants from the southern parts (including most of central and > > eastern > > Hungary) left from: > > > > Genoa- 96,038 > > Trieste- 76,849 > > Fiume (Rijeka)- 242,470 > > > > Robert Jerin > > > > Interesting. > > And if you exclude Austria which was the Burgenland emphasis. > Hamburg & Bremen, Antwerp and Rotterdam drop to perhaps 50 % > Traffic through Genoa which is on the western coast of Italy increases. > And the Hungarians with their oppressive immigration law of 1904, try to > funnel all emigrants through the port of Fiume/ Rijeka. > > Total emigrants from HUNGARY > > 1871-1913 > Hamburg 420,002 > Bremen 874,685 > > Genoa, Italy; Le Havre, France; Antwerp, Belgium,and Rotterdam, Holland > were first used as ports of exit from HUNGARY in 1889. > > 1889-1913 > Genoa > 13,131 > Le Havre > 51,852 > Antwerp > 206,231 > Rotterdam > 114,680 > > > Trieste and Fiume/Rijeka were first used as ports of exit from HUNGARY > in 1904. > > 1904-1913 > Trieste > 32,032 > Fiume > 305,299 > > Ethnic division of immigrants from Hungary to the U.S. > 1900-1912 Totals > > Hungarians - 387,391 > Slovaks - 387,472 > Germans - 218,630 > Croats/Slovenes - 239,842 > Serbs - 34,456 > Ruthenes - 43,079 > Romanians - 98,175 > Thanks for the info, Frank. And those numbers obviously do not inc. the number of Croats/Dalmatians/Hercegovians/Bosnians leaving the Austrian part of the empire! Intersting also in that only a small portion of Slovenia would have been in the Hungarian part of the empire at that time, thus the number listed as Croat/Slovene would no doubt have been mostly Croat. Also interesting that the numbers for Fiume (Rijeka) do not seem to agree. Still of all the many, many manifests I have seen for Croatians not many left through Fiume, Rijeka or Trieste. Robert