Hi, I do not think there is such an entity as a "free peasant". Peasant is occupation, not the legal description of the person. Until not long ago farming required a large number of people to produce the necessary food. So, of course, peasants (people doing farm work) were quite numerous. they were not just moving around as factory worker may. You plant, you wait for food to grow. No paycheck. And you do not just arrive in village: "here I am" and start planting. Where are you going to sleep, where are your tools etc? Craftsmen and artisans would settle where they were needed. Their education was rigorously prescribed and rather expensive. They had to have exams and license. They were the ones who usually absorbed the athnicity of their new home. The German farmers who were brought to Slavonia, came because after the Turks left, the land was depopulated. They came in groups with animals etc. They knew how to run a farm, probably younger children who did not inherit their family's land. when I mentioned the city of Vukovar, this is the city. Those cities were not districts. They had walls to protect them and doors which were locked in the evening. When you travel in Europe you see remnants of those walls. In Rome the doors keep their old names, though they had to make them larger for modern traffic.
Kurt, Military Border was not under Ban's jurisdiction. It was not part of "banska Hrvatska" and it was a long struggle to have it returned to its mother country. The whole area was under military jurisdiction from Vienna. The rules on the estates varied from one to the other and of course over time. I believe in the Middle Ages the land belonged to the king. The movement of people was between the cities. In the villages, as Robert pointed out, people stayed for centuries. Nationality was not emphasized until 19th century. Vukovar was reported to have had cca 3000 inhabitants, 200 houses at the end of the Turkish rule. dr Former.
Hello Tatjana, In the Link I sent you they called them "Free Peasants" perhas their terminology is not correct, "Despite the financial support of the Inner Austrian nobility, the financing of the Military Frontier was not efficient enough. The military leadership in Graz decided to try solutions other than mercenary units. In the 1630s, the Imperial Court decided to give land and certain privileges to immigrants into the Frontier (the uskok guerrillas as well as refugees from Turkish-occupied lands) at the area of umberak, and in return they would serve in the Imperial army. The remaining local population was also encouraged to stay by receiving the status of free peasants (rather than serfs) and other privileges. These new units were organized into ten or more voivodships per each captaincy." http://tscholars.com/encyclopedia/Military_Frontier Its very interesting that Vukovar was a walled City, I knew they had walled Cities in Germany but had know Idea they had them In Croatia. I also didn't know they locked the doors at night but sounds real safe. If there were only 2 hundred homes in the free city of Vukovar and 3000 people most of the people must have slept in barns huts or tents. I had seen a painting of the city of Vukovar while the City was under control of the Turks.............It had tents surrounding the town. I thought it was a fair, of some sort........I still have the copy of the picture Very interesting, but these people couldn't have made it through the winter in tents, could they have? I imagine it wasn't an easy thing to move from one village to another but they did it, not sure how it worked when the entered the City or village, In one of my villages in Germany circa 14001-500 they have to pay to get in. I wonder if that was a common practice. Thank You Best regards Kurt Tat417761@cs.com wrote: Hi, I do not think there is such an entity as a "free peasant". Peasant is occupation, not the legal description of the person. Until not long ago farming required a large number of people to produce the necessary food. So, of course, peasants (people doing farm work) were quite numerous. they were not just moving around as factory worker may. You plant, you wait for food to grow. No paycheck. And you do not just arrive in village: "here I am" and start planting. Where are you going to sleep, where are your tools etc? Craftsmen and artisans would settle where they were needed. Their education was rigorously prescribed and rather expensive. They had to have exams and license. They were the ones who usually absorbed the athnicity of their new home. The German farmers who were brought to Slavonia, came because after the Turks left, the land was depopulated. They came in groups with animals etc. They knew how to run a farm, probably younger children who did not inherit their family's land. when I mentioned the city of Vukovar, this is the city. Those cities were not districts. They had walls to protect them and doors which were locked in the evening. When you travel in Europe you see remnants of those walls. In Rome the doors keep their old names, though they had to make them larger for modern traffic. ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message --------------------------------- Food fight? Enjoy some healthy debate in the Yahoo! Answers Food & Drink Q&A.
Hello Sara, Perhaps someone on the list can help you more than I. This is all I could find for you right now. I haven't joined the following "FOOTNOTE" site yet but I did look around at some of the free stuff and it looks very interesting for those searching the United States Archives, maybe your records will be on line sometime soon. In Michigan the Naturalization records are on line but You have to send for the Actual record from the County via Lansing. in Summit County, OH the Naturalization records are on line in PDF format and you can download the records and often with the attached photo and its all free........But I have no Idea about the County your family is from everyone is different. Best regards Kurt --------------------------------------------------------- March 25, 2007 National Archives and Footnote Launch Project to Digitize Historic Documents Signing of Agreement for Footnote, Inc. to Digitize Holdings of NARA Washington, D.C. and Lindon, UT...Archivist of the United States Allen Weinstein and Footnote, Inc. CEO Russell Wilding today announced an agreement to digitize selected records from the vast holdings of the National Archives. The 4.5 million pages that have been digitized so far are now available at www.footnote. com/nara ...About Footnote, Inc. Founded in 1997 as iArchives, Inc., Footnote is a subscription based web site that features searchable original documents that provide users with an unaltered view of the events, places, and people that shaped the American nation and the world. At Footnote.com all are invited to come to share, discuss, and collaborate on their discoveries with friends, family and colleagues. YOU CAN SEARCH AND REGISTER FOR A FREE ACCOUNT WITH FOOTNOTE AT: http://www.footnote .com/ With a free Footnote membership you can: Add annotations and comments to things you find on Footnote. Create your own story pages. Maintain a gallery of your favorite Footnote images. Upload your own images to your gallery Sarah Mueller <sarmar1@msn.com> wrote: We learned recently that my grandfather filed his Declaration of Intention to become a citizen in Helena, Montana in 1913, but never completed the process to become a citizen. Does anyone have any idea if "Intent" papers were retained locally or nationally (at the national archive in D.C.) if a Petition was never filed? Sarah ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message --------------------------------- Sucker-punch spam with award-winning protection. Try the free Yahoo! Mail Beta.
Hello Dr. Former, Ok........ Are saying that the part of Srem/Srijem was not part of Croatia at that time? If so thats what I understand. Ok the Ban had no Control of the Military border. I can understand that as well. But the ban did have serfs and in some military areas serfs were made into "free peasants" to encourage them to stay. What would a free peasant be called in Latin and Croatian? I found a link for the Military Frontier, I think it covers allot about the Military border. Very interesting........ http://tscholars.com/encyclopedia/Military_Frontier The Vukovar information is also very interesting and exciting news. Do you know if that means the District of Vukovar or the Free City of Vukovar? Thanks thats great! Best regards Kurt Tat417761@cs.com wrote: Kurt, Military Border was not under Ban's jurisdiction. It was not part of "banska Hrvatska" and it was a long struggle to have it returned to its mother country. The whole area was under military jurisdiction from Vienna. The rules on the estates varied from one to the other and of course over time. I believe in the Middle Ages the land belonged to the king. The movement of people was between the cities. In the villages, as Robert pointed out, people stayed for centuries. Nationality was not emphasized until 19th century. Vukovar was reported to have had cca 3000 inhabitants, 200 houses at the end of the Turkish rule. dr Former. ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message --------------------------------- Never miss an email again! Yahoo! Toolbar alerts you the instant new Mail arrives. Check it out.
Croatia beats Hungary 9-8 in extra time for water polo gold
Thank You Robert and list, You have explained it well. I suppose, I should have given a date and a area in my query, but didn't realize that it would have mattered..........In regards to the Feudal system, Now I know that it does matter in some regards. And thats one of the reasons I am here........to learn. Seems the rules of the Fuedal system varied by location, and probably by the lord....Also seems to have been somewhat archaic and its longevity probably prolonged by the Turkish war......... Yes, assimilation is very interesting and it happened both ways. Seems most everyone was afraid to lose there heritage.........while others just melted. I suppose economics played a key role either way. I know it happened in my family in Croatia The US is the melting but Croatia certainly did some melting. I had a great Uncle that was German Ethnicity both mother and father and grew up only a couple miles from a village were one of my grandfathers lived in Croatia , My great Uncle claimed to be Croatian, only knew how to read and write Croatian and always sang Croatian songs. He was fully assimilated..........While his cousin my grandfather was a non assimilated, German,He could read and write Croatian but his main Language and his ancestry was always German. My grandmother a Croatian claimed to be German at Ellis island, I guess since she married one she thought she became one.............. ;-) In the US so many of us are "mutts, some people have know Idea" that they have lost most of there roots..... Its funny when I am asked about my nationality, I have to ask them how much time they have and which side the would like to know about...;-) I don't know the statistics on interest in Genealogy research, but with the computer age upon us and on line records it must have shot way up. By the way where are the Croatian Census's located? Thank Again Best regards Kurt Robert Jerin <rjerin26@yahoo.com> wrote: Kurt, I had to think a bit more about this.... The difference was that the part of Croatia you mentioned had very rich farmland and attracted people from other parts of Croatia as well as Bohemia and Slovakia. I helped a man named CINDRICH once and was surprised that his GF came from Nova Petrovo Selo in the Posavina region.... I told him this surprised me as CINDRIC is from around Slunj/Cetingrad.... when he joined us for my tour last year he brought along a document ... a family tree of sorts... and indicated that his GGF was from Slunj.... so people did move to certain areas that were productive... not unlike your family who came to America to work in the mines and factories... they went wherever there was work... but did not go to places where they could not earn a good living... this was the case with the village of my GF, lovely vineyards, but not much opportunity for nova dosli (new comers) An area across the Kupa River from the place my GF was from, known as Zumberak supplied numerous immigrants in Cleveland, Chicago and the UP of Mich and the Iron Range in MN... but not many had moved into Zumberak... at least in the last several hundred years... but around 1400 to 1500 people of German background had gone to Zumberak to work as rudari... miners ! So thinking about our exchange of info I (we) need to keep in mind conditions at various times... when we speak about immigration and emigration. My GFs village may have seen the largest inward migration when the Frankopans and Zrinskis ruled the area as they brought skilled craftsmen with them to Ozalj area, some from the coastal areas of Croatia and some from Tyrol.... Interesting that people have been arriving in Croatia for centuries with many assimilating becoming Croatians and some not assimilating Robert Kurt McCrary wrote: Hello Robert, I was referring to Croatia during the 1800's specifically. But people in Europe in general moved around allot. Even for more specifically I was talking about the area of Croatia known as Serbian: Srem (Cyrillic: Ñðåì), Croatian: Srijem in my case District of Vukovar. In the church records you can see many people moving to the towns in this area from different villages miles away, certainly some coming from different countries? or locations in Hungary. I am surprised it wasn't like that especially in your investigations, I assumed it was like that all over Croatia. Even in my villages in Germany it was like that .................Not including the Migration eriods........So maybe the definition of "Allot needs to be interpreted better.........Gee I don't know what to say....;-) I n Germany in one of my towns you could leave but if you returned you had to pay to get back in. No Joke..............Many people did it. Robert Jerin wrote: Interesting! I have found in the church records that I have seen that people did not move around a lot in those days, but this may have been different from place to place. Example my family had lived in the same village from around 1700 until today! It was my grandfather and 2 of his brothers who left around 1905 that changed this. They say we Americans change home on average every 4 years... that was true in my case unitl about 1986 and since then we have lived in the same home.... Robert Kurt McCrary wrote: People moved around allot in those days. How did you acquire a place to farm? Were there vacant farms one could ask the Lord to farm? If you were already a serf on a farm in 1848 and the Feudal System was abolished were you given the land you were farming for your self or did you purchase it from the Lord or the new government? How did they split up the lands or distribute the property? My grandfather came to the US from Croatia in 1910 and worked in Steel mills in Pa. briefly, then came to Michigan to become a sugar beat share cropper in Michigan's thumb. I assume share cropping was allot like what happened in Croatia to the farmers, after the end of the feudal system. Natalie Prodan wrote: Correct! Serfdom, labor system under which most European agricultural workers lived during the Middle Ages. Legally bound to reside and labor on the land owned by their lord. Serfdom began in the 900s and was at its peak in the 1100s and 1200s. The system gradually ended in western Europe during the 1400s and 1500s, but it lasted much longer in eastern Europe, persisting until the mid-1800s in Russia. The serfs comprised the vast majority of the population of medieval Europe and worked to feed themselves, their superiors, and the people of the towns and the church. Although the serfs were not slaves, they were not really free. They could not leave the manorthat is, the land owned by their lord. They were obligated to provide physical labor as well as to pay taxes and other obligations. Serfs were at the bottom of the European system of social, political, and economic relations known as Seignorialism. All land on the manor was owned by its lord. Serfs and their families were allowed to farm some of the land on the manor to support themselves; this was sufficient for the more prosperous serfs to feed a family and make the various payments to their lord. Serfs were taxed on the produce and profits of their holdings. In addition, they had to devote a fair amount of time and labor to working the lords demesne land, the section of the manor kept directly under the lords control and not used by other tenants. On Apr 1, 2007, at 4:18 AM, Tat417761@cs.com wrote: Estelle, serf was not a slave or a servant. He had use of the land and paid a specified part of the fruit to the feudal lord who took care of the administration and defense. Some similarity to our tax payments. ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CROATIA- request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message --------------------------------- Bored stiff? Loosen up... Download and play hundreds of games for free on Yahoo! Games. ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message To learn about my October 2007 Heritage and History tour of Croatia http://www.croatia-in-english.com/rj/jerin2007.pdf ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message --------------------------------- Don't be flakey. Get Yahoo! Mail for Mobile and always stay connected to friends. ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message To learn about my October 2007 Heritage and History tour of Croatia http://www.croatia-in-english.com/rj/jerin2007.pdf ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message --------------------------------- Finding fabulous fares is fun. Let Yahoo! FareChase search your favorite travel sites to find flight and hotel bargains.
ziv should be zio= uncle
We learned recently that my grandfather filed his Declaration of Intention to become a citizen in Helena, Montana in 1913, but never completed the process to become a citizen. Does anyone have any idea if "Intent" papers were retained locally or nationally (at the national archive in D.C.) if a Petition was never filed? Sarah
SP U VATERPOLU Hrvatska u dramaticnom finalu pobijedila Madarsku sa 9:8 Hrvatska nakon drame u finalu svjetski prvak u vaterpolu! Autor M. Rak, A. Filic, Hina U Melbourneu je odigrano finale Svjetskog prvenstva u vaterpolu izmedu reprezentacija Hrvatske i Madarske, a naši igraci su nakon produžetaka pobijedili sa 9:8 i uzeli zlato! Kakav triler u finalu, Hrvatska je potvrdila da ima i znanje, i snagu, i taktiku pa i jaku psihu. A ima i vrhunskog izbornika. Po cetvrtinama je bilo 1:2, 3:1, 1:3, 2:1, dok su produžeci odigrani 1:1 i 1:0. Hrvatska je konacno igrala u finalu Svjetskog prvenstva cime je osigurala prvu medalju na SP-ima od svoje neovisnosti, ali i izravan plasman na Olimpijske igre u etcetc
In a message dated 4/1/2007 2:03:20 PM Eastern Daylight Time, sylvia.havens@sbcglobal.net writes: > Alla lara nipstina Silvana. Auguri per sus conpleanr dela sur nonna e ziv e > sugini. alla cara nipotina Silvana auguri per suo cmpleanno della sua nonna e ziv e cugini to dear little granddaughter Silvana good wishes for her birthday from her granma and ?ziv? and cousins He I pote conpern seripre sana e buona diljei. Lajuoia dei twd lrioni genitsri altre trento. ? always healthy and good ?. ? for your parents the same. > Auguro ala trlorenz e tuti voi! Guepts e pabse Good wishes to trlorenz and all of you! ?Guepts and pabse? dove noi semo ora e pieno di nevt, guela due case con la crore una e vriola altra e where we are now it is full of snow, these two houses ??? > dove nai alrtemo, buce ed abrari vortoi a nonora, Milkor Fauti puno eisi a te Sylvia 3 salute e bige a baci ed abbracci kisses and hugs to all of you, ???Milkor Fauti?? and to you Sylvia greetings and ? to > Florence, bia my alfred, Tug eig Eig e cup vista, rio tauller. Florence ..??..........................................................................? This is what I could make of this postcard
Explosive upset Croatia dunks Serbia in world water polo semi-final Posted: Friday March 30, 2007 2:21PM; Updated: Friday March 30, 2007 2:21PM
James, This very interesting, However I have a question, does this mean "Everyone had title to there land and could be called Military Service?" Or everyone that had title to there land were required to preform military Service? I would think this would conflict somewhat with what I know of the Eltz estate and defeat the feudal system, if everyone owned their own land, unless they were still required to pay there tiths to the lord. Could the Tithe be the military service for some of the people? I do know that the Soldiers were given land to encourage them to move to the area and protect the border after the Turks were chased out. But also the Lord recruited farmers to develop his land along with tradesman. What does "Half the men" mean? Half of the males in the family? In all the families or just the Military families? I would think that the Ban or lord would be responsible to Vienna and the "Border Guard" to the Lord of the area? But I have not studied this yet.....Gee... Is that information on line or in a book? If so which one, I need to read it. Thank You Kurt James Castellan <james.castellan@alumni.brown.edu> wrote: Re: Feudal system and land ownership in Croatia. The Austrian "military border" of Croatia established in 1522 (and technically lasted until 1881) was a special exception in two ways: 1) direct control from Viena 2) the peasants had title to their land. Title to the land was the motivation that kept them anchored there on land that wasn't generally the best for farming with the obligation that half the males had to serve in the "border guard" that could be called out at any time to oppose the invading Turks. ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message --------------------------------- The fish are biting. Get more visitors on your site using Yahoo! Search Marketing.
Thank you for your reply Robert. Little by little I am getting a picture of the time that my great grandfather spent in his homeland before emigrating. Kind regards Estelle >From: Robert Jerin <rjerin26@yahoo.com> >Reply-To: croatia@rootsweb.com >To: croatia@rootsweb.com >Subject: Re: [CROATIA] Feudal system in Croatia >Date: Sun, 1 Apr 2007 02:41:52 -0700 (PDT) > >Estelle, > > You are correct. This system lasted until sometime around the peasant >revolts of c. 1848 > > Robert > >Estelle Daniels <stelly__57@hotmail.com> wrote: > Thank you Dr Former - that clarifies it somewhat for me. Am I right in >assuming that the "feudal lord" would have owned the land? >Regards Estelle > > > >From: Tat417761@cs.com > >Reply-To: croatia@rootsweb.com > >To: croatia@rootsweb.com > >Subject: Re: [CROATIA] Feudal system in Croatia > >Date: Sun, 1 Apr 2007 04:18:52 EDT > > > >Estelle, > >serf was not a slave or a servant. He had use of the land and paid a > >specified part of the fruit to the feudal lord who took care of the > >administration and > >defense. > >Some similarity to our tax payments. > > > >------------------------------- > >To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > >CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the >quotes > >in the subject and the body of the message > >_________________________________________________________________ >Advertisement: Chat with 1000s of Sexy Singles right now >http://a.ninemsn.com.au/b.aspx?URL=http%3A%2F%2Flavalife9%2Eninemsn%2Ecom%2Eau%2Fclickthru%2Fclickthru%2Eact%3Fid%3Dninemsn%26context%3Dan99%26locale%3Den%5FAU%26a%3D25447&_t=754951090&_r=chat&_m=EXT > > >------------------------------- >To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to >CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes >in the subject and the body of the message > > > >To learn about my October 2007 Heritage and History tour of Croatia > http://www.croatia-in-english.com/rj/jerin2007.pdf > > >------------------------------- >To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to >CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes >in the subject and the body of the message _________________________________________________________________ Advertisement: Want FREE talk & text to 5 Telstra numbers? Find out how http://a.ninemsn.com.au/b.aspx?URL=http%3A%2F%2Fadsfac%2Enet%2Flink%2Easp%3Fcc%3DTEL243%2E40035%2E0%26clk%3D1%26creativeID%3D56076&_t=761565722&_r=Hotmail_email_tagline_1March07&_m=EXT
Thank you Dr Former - that clarifies it somewhat for me. Am I right in assuming that the "feudal lord" would have owned the land? Regards Estelle >From: Tat417761@cs.com >Reply-To: croatia@rootsweb.com >To: croatia@rootsweb.com >Subject: Re: [CROATIA] Feudal system in Croatia >Date: Sun, 1 Apr 2007 04:18:52 EDT > >Estelle, >serf was not a slave or a servant. He had use of the land and paid a >specified part of the fruit to the feudal lord who took care of the >administration and >defense. >Some similarity to our tax payments. > >------------------------------- >To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to >CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes >in the subject and the body of the message _________________________________________________________________ Advertisement: Chat with 1000s of Sexy Singles right now http://a.ninemsn.com.au/b.aspx?URL=http%3A%2F%2Flavalife9%2Eninemsn%2Ecom%2Eau%2Fclickthru%2Fclickthru%2Eact%3Fid%3Dninemsn%26context%3Dan99%26locale%3Den%5FAU%26a%3D25447&_t=754951090&_r=chat&_m=EXT
James, Where can I get a good detail map of the areas included in the Austrian "military border" Tony On Apr 1, 2007, at 2:07 PM, James Castellan wrote: > Re: Feudal system and land ownership in Croatia. > > The Austrian "military border" of Croatia established in 1522 (and > technically lasted until 1881) was a special exception in two ways: > 1) direct control from Viena > 2) the peasants had title to their land. > > Title to the land was the motivation that kept them anchored there on > land > that wasn't generally the best for farming with the obligation that > half the > males had to serve in the "border guard" that could be called out at > any > time to oppose the invading Turks. > > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the > quotes in the subject and the body of the message >
Hmmm kind of like an oluja, eh! Robert Tat417761@cs.com wrote: Explosive upset Croatia dunks Serbia in world water polo semi-final Posted: Friday March 30, 2007 2:21PM; Updated: Friday March 30, 2007 2:21PM ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message To learn about my October 2007 Heritage and History tour of Croatia http://www.croatia-in-english.com/rj/jerin2007.pdf
Hello Listers, Further to the recent discussion instigated by Kurt's questions regarding early Croatia, I am wondering if someone could give me a little more information on the topic please. My great grandfather was born in Zaton, Dalmatia on 19 August, 1834. His mother (Marija NJRIC-INDIJAN); father (Antun DAMJANOVIC) and godfather (Ilija NJIRIC) were entered as "colono' which I have been informed means "serf". His godmother (Ana DAMJANOVIC) was "serva" - a "servant". They were Catholic. On his Marriage Certificate in Australia, my great grandfather, Paolo DAMJANOVIC (by then known as Paul VITCH) noted his father was a "farmer". As a "farmer" would he have been working for a landlord as what I understand a "serf" to be from the English feudal system, or would the arrangement be something different. If so, would he have to pay a portion of his crop to the landlord, or would the landlord own all the crop and keep the serf. I understand that Dalmatia would have been under Austro-Hungarian rule at the time. I suspect he would have been farming vines and olives and the like. Any information on the occupations above and/or the Croatian/Dalmatian feudal system and farming in that era and area would be greatly appreciated. Many thanks in anticipation, Estelle _________________________________________________________________ Advertisement: Its simple! Sell your car for just $30 at carsales.com.au http://a.ninemsn.com.au/b.aspx?URL=http%3A%2F%2Fsecure%2Dau%2Eimrworldwide%2Ecom%2Fcgi%2Dbin%2Fa%2Fci%5F450304%2Fet%5F2%2Fcg%5F801577%2Fpi%5F1005244%2Fai%5F838588&_t=754951090&_r=tig&_m=EXT
What about Water Polo? ----- Original Message ----- From: <Tat417761@cs.com> To: <croatia@rootsweb.com> Sent: Sunday, April 01, 2007 3:27 AM Subject: [CROATIA] Fwd: Water Polo > > > > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > CROATIA-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the > quotes in the subject and the body of the message >