Those of you researching their Upper Creek ancestors have probably run across the ethnic name Abikara Creeks. It was the official label of the Upper Creeks until the period of the Red Stick War. At the time of the first contacts with Spanish and English explorers, the Kusa's were the dominant Muskogean group in the Highlands. Suddenly in the 1700s the dominance shifted to the Abikara and Tuckabachee Creeks of northern Alabama. I never could figure out who these people were or where they came from. Well, over the past four years I have been driving and hiking the Southern Highlands with copies of the de Soto and de Pardo Chronicles in my back pack - trying to match geographical descriptions with views today. I also have been pouring over the earliest maps of the Cherokee Country - made by English explorers in the early 1700s. I have also been tying down half the law enforcement in the Southern Highlands, who had been convinced by a baboon wearing a badge in my county that I was a serial killer. That's another story some other time. WELL! I have put it all together. Apica was a Muskogean town visited in Eastern Tennessee by de Soto and de Pardo in the 1500s. It would have been somewhere in the vicinity of Knoxville or Newport, TN. I found an old map where the Cherokees called the French Broad River in North Carolina and Tennessee, the Abikwa, Abiqua or Apiqua River ... depending on the spelling of the mapmaker. We know that p's and b's are often shifted back and forth when English speakers write down Mvskoke. We know that the Overhills Cherokees typically changed a Creek "k" to a "kwa" sound. SO ... The Apika People were pushed down into Alabama by the Cherokees when they invaded Eastern Tennessee somewhere around 1710-1740. Evidently, there were a lot of Apika's and they quickly came to dominate the other Creek tribal towns in northern Alabama. Their ethnic name would have been Apikv = Abikaw. The whites called the Abikara's. That is one loose end tied together! Richard T. **************Looking for a car that's sporty, fun and fits in your budget? Read reviews on AOL Autos. (http://autos.aol.com/cars-Volkswagen-Jetta-2009/expert-review?ncid=aolaut00030000000007 )

Thank you, Richard T. I have learned a lot from you and the other's. This I appreciate. Thank you for sharing and teaching. Sam, Arkansas ----- Original Message ----- From: <[email protected]> To: <[email protected]> Sent: Friday, August 15, 2008 7:57 PM Subject: [CREEK-SOUTHEAST] Eureka! I have finally figured out the AbikaraCreeks! > Those of you researching their Upper Creek ancestors have probably run > across the ethnic name Abikara Creeks. It was the official label of the > Upper > Creeks until the period of the Red Stick War. At the time of the first > contacts > with Spanish and English explorers, the Kusa's were the dominant > Muskogean > group in the Highlands. Suddenly in the 1700s the dominance shifted to > the > Abikara and Tuckabachee Creeks of northern Alabama. I never could figure > out > who these people were or where they came from. > > Well, over the past four years I have been driving and hiking the > Southern > Highlands with copies of the de Soto and de Pardo Chronicles in my back > pack > - trying to match geographical descriptions with views today. I also have > been pouring over the earliest maps of the Cherokee Country - made by > English > explorers in the early 1700s. > > I have also been tying down half the law enforcement in the Southern > Highlands, who had been convinced by a baboon wearing a badge in my county > that I > was a serial killer. That's another story some other time. > > WELL! I have put it all together. Apica was a Muskogean town visited in > Eastern Tennessee by de Soto and de Pardo in the 1500s. It would have > been > somewhere in the vicinity of Knoxville or Newport, TN. I found an old map > where > the Cherokees called the French Broad River in North Carolina and > Tennessee, > the Abikwa, Abiqua or Apiqua River ... depending on the spelling of the > mapmaker. > > We know that p's and b's are often shifted back and forth when English > speakers write down Mvskoke. We know that the Overhills Cherokees > typically > changed a Creek "k" to a "kwa" sound. > > SO ... > > The Apika People were pushed down into Alabama by the Cherokees when they > invaded Eastern Tennessee somewhere around 1710-1740. Evidently, there > were a > lot of Apika's and they quickly came to dominate the other Creek tribal > towns in northern Alabama. Their ethnic name would have been Apikv = > Abikaw. > The whites called the Abikara's. > > That is one loose end tied together! > > Richard T. > > > > > > **************Looking for a car that's sporty, fun and fits in your > budget? > Read reviews on AOL Autos. > (http://autos.aol.com/cars-Volkswagen-Jetta-2009/expert-review?ncid=aolaut00030000000007 > ) > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without > the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Richard, I guess you get harassed by law enforcement due to your complexion also, I have had that happen to me a number of times, and also you get followed around in many stores as if you are a criminal trying to shoplift...My late sister even had someone tell her in a store in Lincoln Co. N.C. that Mexicans were not welcome there, they didn't have a clue that my sister was of Native heritage. --- On Fri, 8/15/08, [email protected] <[email protected]> wrote: > From: [email protected] <[email protected]> > Subject: [CREEK-SOUTHEAST] Eureka! I have finally figured out the Abikara Creeks! > To: [email protected] > Date: Friday, August 15, 2008, 8:57 PM > Those of you researching their Upper Creek ancestors have > probably run > across the ethnic name Abikara Creeks. It was the official > label of the Upper > Creeks until the period of the Red Stick War. At the time > of the first contacts > with Spanish and English explorers, the Kusa's were the > dominant Muskogean > group in the Highlands. Suddenly in the 1700s the > dominance shifted to the > Abikara and Tuckabachee Creeks of northern Alabama. I > never could figure out > who these people were or where they came from. > > Well, over the past four years I have been driving and > hiking the Southern > Highlands with copies of the de Soto and de Pardo > Chronicles in my back pack > - trying to match geographical descriptions with views > today. I also have > been pouring over the earliest maps of the Cherokee Country > - made by English > explorers in the early 1700s. > > I have also been tying down half the law enforcement in the > Southern > Highlands, who had been convinced by a baboon wearing a > badge in my county that I > was a serial killer. That's another story some other > time. > > WELL! I have put it all together. Apica was a Muskogean > town visited in > Eastern Tennessee by de Soto and de Pardo in the 1500s. It > would have been > somewhere in the vicinity of Knoxville or Newport, TN. I > found an old map where > the Cherokees called the French Broad River in North > Carolina and Tennessee, > the Abikwa, Abiqua or Apiqua River ... depending on the > spelling of the > mapmaker. > > We know that p's and b's are often shifted back and > forth when English > speakers write down Mvskoke. We know that the Overhills > Cherokees typically > changed a Creek "k" to a "kwa" sound. > > SO ... > > The Apika People were pushed down into Alabama by the > Cherokees when they > invaded Eastern Tennessee somewhere around 1710-1740. > Evidently, there were a > lot of Apika's and they quickly came to dominate the > other Creek tribal > towns in northern Alabama. Their ethnic name would have > been Apikv = Abikaw. > The whites called the Abikara's. > > That is one loose end tied together! > > Richard T. > > > > > > **************Looking for a car that's sporty, fun and > fits in your budget? > Read reviews on AOL Autos. > (http://autos.aol.com/cars-Volkswagen-Jetta-2009/expert-review?ncid=aolaut00030000000007 > ) > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > [email protected] with the word > 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and > the body of the message

That is what LE calls profiling. Not fair. I made sure that is not being done in our Sheriff's and Police Dept's, in our County. Not legal. On the LE part, that is profiling, and not good medicine. In any persons language. Treat all equal and you will have more co-operation and respect from the citizens. I was not color blind. Break the law and you belonged to me. Regardless of who you are or were. I am sorry the way our NA friends, have been treated. It is not right in any way, form, fashion. Come to my hometown, Benton, Arkansas, visit with us, stay a spell, and I will go with you anywhere and guarantee that no one will bother you at all. Ask my friend, White Bear, that works in our Parks and Recreation Dept. He is a wonderful friend. Cherokee at that. Thanks, Sam ----- Original Message ----- From: "Leon Beard" <[email protected]> To: <[email protected]> Sent: Saturday, August 16, 2008 3:27 PM Subject: Re: [CREEK-SOUTHEAST] Eureka! I have finally figured out theAbikara Creeks! > Richard, > I guess you get harassed by law enforcement due to your complexion > also, I have had that happen to me a number of times, and also you get > followed around in many stores as if you are a criminal trying to > shoplift...My late sister even had someone tell her in a store in Lincoln > Co. N.C. that Mexicans were not welcome there, they didn't have a clue > that my sister was of Native heritage. > > > > --- On Fri, 8/15/08, [email protected] <[email protected]> > wrote: > >> From: [email protected] <[email protected]> >> Subject: [CREEK-SOUTHEAST] Eureka! I have finally figured out the Abikara >> Creeks! >> To: [email protected] >> Date: Friday, August 15, 2008, 8:57 PM >> Those of you researching their Upper Creek ancestors have >> probably run >> across the ethnic name Abikara Creeks. It was the official >> label of the Upper >> Creeks until the period of the Red Stick War. At the time >> of the first contacts >> with Spanish and English explorers, the Kusa's were the >> dominant Muskogean >> group in the Highlands. Suddenly in the 1700s the >> dominance shifted to the >> Abikara and Tuckabachee Creeks of northern Alabama. I >> never could figure out >> who these people were or where they came from. >> >> Well, over the past four years I have been driving and >> hiking the Southern >> Highlands with copies of the de Soto and de Pardo >> Chronicles in my back pack >> - trying to match geographical descriptions with views >> today. I also have >> been pouring over the earliest maps of the Cherokee Country >> - made by English >> explorers in the early 1700s. >> >> I have also been tying down half the law enforcement in the >> Southern >> Highlands, who had been convinced by a baboon wearing a >> badge in my county that I >> was a serial killer. That's another story some other >> time. >> >> WELL! I have put it all together. Apica was a Muskogean >> town visited in >> Eastern Tennessee by de Soto and de Pardo in the 1500s. It >> would have been >> somewhere in the vicinity of Knoxville or Newport, TN. I >> found an old map where >> the Cherokees called the French Broad River in North >> Carolina and Tennessee, >> the Abikwa, Abiqua or Apiqua River ... depending on the >> spelling of the >> mapmaker. >> >> We know that p's and b's are often shifted back and >> forth when English >> speakers write down Mvskoke. We know that the Overhills >> Cherokees typically >> changed a Creek "k" to a "kwa" sound. >> >> SO ... >> >> The Apika People were pushed down into Alabama by the >> Cherokees when they >> invaded Eastern Tennessee somewhere around 1710-1740. >> Evidently, there were a >> lot of Apika's and they quickly came to dominate the >> other Creek tribal >> towns in northern Alabama. Their ethnic name would have >> been Apikv = Abikaw. >> The whites called the Abikara's. >> >> That is one loose end tied together! >> >> Richard T. >> >> >> >> >> >> **************Looking for a car that's sporty, fun and >> fits in your budget? >> Read reviews on AOL Autos. >> (http://autos.aol.com/cars-Volkswagen-Jetta-2009/expert-review?ncid=aolaut00030000000007 >> ) >> >> ------------------------------- >> To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to >> [email protected] with the word >> 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and >> the body of the message > > > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without > the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Richard, you followed that trail like a bloodhound on a scent trail! Excellent work, my friend. That "baboon with a badge" just may be in a freezer waiting for more tests... LOL Brew ========= [email protected] wrote: >Those of you researching their Upper Creek ancestors have probably run >across the ethnic name Abikara Creeks. It was the official label of the Upper >Creeks until the period of the Red Stick War. At the time of the first contacts >with Spanish and English explorers, the Kusa's were the dominant Muskogean >group in the Highlands. Suddenly in the 1700s the dominance shifted to the >Abikara and Tuckabachee Creeks of northern Alabama. I never could figure out >who these people were or where they came from. > >

He is probably in the coffee shop, studying for his urine test. Tks, Sam ----- Original Message ----- From: "Phil Whitley" <[email protected]> To: <[email protected]> Sent: Saturday, August 16, 2008 10:05 PM Subject: Re: [CREEK-SOUTHEAST] Eureka! I have finally figured out the Abikara Creeks! > Richard, you followed that trail like a bloodhound on a scent trail! > Excellent work, my friend. That "baboon with a badge" just may be in a > freezer waiting for more tests... LOL > > Brew > > ========= > > [email protected] wrote: > >>Those of you researching their Upper Creek ancestors have probably run >>across the ethnic name Abikara Creeks. It was the official label of the >>Upper >>Creeks until the period of the Red Stick War. At the time of the first >>contacts >>with Spanish and English explorers, the Kusa's were the dominant >>Muskogean >>group in the Highlands. Suddenly in the 1700s the dominance shifted to >>the >>Abikara and Tuckabachee Creeks of northern Alabama. I never could figure >>out >>who these people were or where they came from. >> >> > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without > the quotes in the subject and the body of the message