In a message dated 7/22/2006 12:48:48 PM Eastern Standard Time, pasher@ee.net writes: Whole pages can be written containing nothing but facts, or only a very few original concepts. They can thus be copied verbatim and "fair use" is not an issue since they were (by and large) not copyrightable to begin with :) Pat True...but going back to the original post that started this thread we see that Joan's emails were copied verbatim including *her originally worded notes and her explanations of her reasons for her conclusions and hypotheses* so what was copied from her was more than mere facts--it was original creative content. Joan