In a message dated 7/22/2002 4:33:41 PM Central Daylight Time, imafo2002@yahoo.com writes: > > I really don't know where to go from here. It is > really quite puzzling. It's quite unfortunate that the > Euro-Americans were so intent on destroying the > culture and language. Then we wouldn't have such > difficulties. > Do you guys have any ideas? > Hello Imafo, In the case of the Harpers/Hopias it seems the use of Harper was voluntary on their part and not imposed on them by Euro-Americans. Many Indians with Hopia in their names kept their Choctaw names but at least one of the Hopias, Charles, and his descendents, seem to have voluntarily changed theirs to Harper. John Craven New Orleans