Well John, I'm not a native speaker, only a student of the online courses offered by the Nation in OK, so I am not a comprehensive authority. In the course of the 3 semesters that I was taking the classes however, along with the various printed resources that I have gathered over the past several years, the only article words that I have run across are the ones I mentioned in my original posting-- "yvmma," "ilvppa" and number words. The first two are often abbreviated and tacked onto the end of the noun phrase, almost like a suffix. "Chukka yvmma" (that house) would in common conversation be shortened to "chukka-ma." Likewise, "chukka ilvppa" (this house) would be shortened to "chukka-pa." So to the extent of my instruction so far, "yvmma" and "ilvppa", and their respective abbreviated forms ("-ma" and "-pa") are the only words besides numbers that are used as articles in Choctaw. The use of number words as articles is the same as in English. When we say "one house" or "two houses" in English, we are using the numbers "one" and "two" as articles, instead of a word like "the" or "a." Likewise, in Choctaw, number words can be used as articles, as in "chukka achvfa" (one house) or "chukka tuklo" (two houses). Hope that helps. --Sean