Hello, I am also researching my family background. The family story is that my great grandmother was 1/2 or 1/4 Indian and they think Cherokee. Her name was Clifford Cordelia Henderson, born in Murray, GA, May 16, 1856 or 1858. I have located a picture of her parents and they are Richard Daniel B Henderson, born about 1836 in Georgia and Julia Ann Green who was white. He is definitely Indian and possibly full blood. The census for 1840, 1850 and 1860 shows him in Forsyth County, GA. So I am trying to find information of his parents and their background. Richard Daniel B. Henderson's parents are John Henderson, born 1807 in GA, and Mary Henderson, born 1812 GA (no maiden name). They seem to have mostly been in Forsyth County, but also Murray County. I have looked in some Indian applications and census records, and have found some John Henderson's, but nothing definite. Whenever you look at a card, how do you know the date of the card or at least a time frame? Most don't mention a date. So when I see how old one John Henderson is, it doesn't help me much. Also under the Armstrong Roll, it mentions a Henderson roll of 1835 History of Cherokee Indians from AL, GA, TN, and NC. There is no way to click on that and I didn't have any luck under the Armstrong Roll. There seems to be several Hendersons in the Choctaw Indians also. If someone can direct me, I would appreciate it. Thank you. La Ruth Kendrick Gates

President Van Buren ordered the implementation of the Treaty of New Echota in 1838, and the U.S. Army troops under the supervison of Gen. Winfield Scott began rounding up the Cherokees and moved them to 31 stockades in North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama and Tennessee. Georgia had 13 stockades. Yhey were then removed from the removal forts and sent to Ft. Butler and then to Fort Cass. By late July 1838, with the exception of the Oconaluftee Citizen Indians, the fugitives hiding in the mountains, and some scattered families, virtually all other Cherokees remaining in the East were in internment camps. According to a military report in July 1838, the 7 camps in and around Charleston, Tennessee, contained more than 4800 Cherokees: 700 at the agency post, 600 at Rattlesnake Spring, 870 at the first encampment on Mouse Creek, 1600 at the second encampment on Mouse creek, 900 at Bedwell Springs, 1300 on Chestooee, 700 on the ridge east of the agency, and 600 on the upper Chatate. Som! e 2000 Cherokees were camped at Gunstocker Spring 13 miles from Calhoun, Tennessee. One group of Cherokees did not leave the mountains of North Carolina. They traced their origin to an 1819 Treaty that gave them an allotment of land and American citizenship on lands not belonging to the Cherokee Nation. When the forced removal came in 1838, this group known as the Oconaluftee Cherokees claimed the 1835 treaty did not apply to them. Fugitive Cherokees from the nation also joined the Oconaluftee Cherokees and in time this group became the Eastern Band of Cherokees, who still reside in North Carolina. During the roundup intimidation and acts of cruelty at the hands of the troops, along with theft and destruction of property by local residents, further alienated the Cherokees. Finally, Chief Ross appealed to President Van Buren to permit the Cherokees to oversee their own removal. Van Buren consented and Ross and his brother, Lewis, administered the effort. The Cherokees were divided into 16 regiments of about a 1000 each. 3 detachments of Cherokees totaling! about 2800 persons traveled by river to Indian Territoty. 13 land Detachments on the Trail of Tears left under their own supervison April 1838-March 1839. --Cherokee Nation History Course by Chief Chadwick "Corntassel" Smith, 2000. --------------------------------- Yahoo! Mail Bring photos to life! New PhotoMail makes sharing a breeze.

Hello, La Ruth! Cherokee research is fun, but can be a little frustrating. Maybe this will help. The Henderson Roll is one of three documents also called the Trail of Tears Roll. This roll was prepared in 1835 and was a listing of just over 16000 Cherokee who were to be sent from GA, NC, TN, AL to the Indian Territory in what is now OK. Not everyone on the Henderson Roll actually walked the Trail of Tears, but it is the base roll for that event. If you are looking at the Dawes Roll, the easiest way to do that is at http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/dawes.php Ages on the regular cards here are as of 1900 for Cherokee Nation and on the Cherokee Minor Cards (children born after the initial process) as of 4 March 190 It can be a little confusing at first interpreting which parents belong to which person, but Jim Hicks' Cherokee Lineages can help you out there http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/h/i/c/James-R-Hicks-VA/ Jim's work is based initially on the Starr genealogies and he is adding to and correcting those genealogies as he gets the documentation together. If you don't find much noted for documentation, he probably hasn't gotten there, yet. The Starr genealogies had some flaws, so don't take any of it for granted, verify it for yourself. Jim is the first to say new information comes to light all the time that completely changes the way a family is linked. Now, the Dawes Roll. If your people did not go to the Indian Territory you will not find them on the Dawes Roll. One of the major requirements for that land allotment was residence in the IT. If you find a record in the 1894 Index for the Dawes Commission, it means they applied, but never made it past the initial screening. This was most often due to the residency requirement, but it could also be because a person didn't appear on the 1880 or 1896 Cherokee Nation census, which was the other requirement. If a person did not appear on one of those, they could apply for citizenship (that's what this 1894 index covers, is those applications). There were many reasons a person might not be on the census. They may have been absent from the Cherokee Nation at the time of the enumeration. If they were away for more than 6 months, without the consent of the Cherokee government, they lost their citizenship and had to be reinstated. Many neglected to do this and had to be reinstated in 1894 and after 1896. This was done based on the testimony of other citizens, so there were some that were denied citizenship for political reasons and sometimes just because people were mad at them and it was a way to get back at them. Most often, it was because their families had been gone from the Nation so long no one knew them or remembered their ancestors. So, those applications on the 1894 index have genealogical value, but they won't provide paper proof of Cherokee ancestry. Many of us know we are Cherokee, but will never have the paper documentation. If your family remained in GA, you will need to look at the Eastern Rolls. I have Bob Blankenship's Cherokee Roots 1 which indexes the names on the Eastern Rolls and there were no Henderson's on any roll in his index which begins with the Reservation Rolls 1817. I also have his Guion Miller Roll Plus which shows the rejected applications as well as accepted applications for this commission which began it's work in 1909. This roll determined which persons were eligible for a per capita payment ordered by the Court of Appeals to compensate the Cherokee for loses incurred because of the Removals. If you think any of the people listed below are yours, it would be worth ordering the microfilm in at your local library or Family History Center. Each application should have a minimum of three generations listed in it. Henderson, California - appl # 39846 - GA Henderson, Emma - appl # 15259 - GA Henderson, Ester - appl # 41882 - GA Henderson, Genia - appl # 33555 - GA Henderson, Nancy E. - appl # 13749 - GA Henderson, Powell - appl # 43852 - GA Henderson, Robert - appl # 43854 - GA Henderson, W.P. - appl # 37368 - GA Rejection for the Miller Roll or any of the Rolls for that matter, doesn't mean they weren't Cherokee. It simply means they had lived in the white community as whites for so long they could not prove they were Cherokee. Or, as did sadly happen, sometimes they were rejected as I noted above even though they were known and acknowledged as Cherokee. Many fought the battle out in court and won. Others decided it wasn't worth the fight and let it drop there. Forsythe and Murray Counties were certainly in the heart of the old Cherokee Nation and your people may have hidden in plain sight when it was unsafe to be Cherokee - or any other Nation. If that is the case, you might never be able to prove it unless their names show up in someone else's Miller application that is accepted. I hope that helps some. Blessings! Susan ----- Original Message ----- From: "LaRuth & Mark" <lmgates@ghg.net> To: <CherokeeGene-L@rootsweb.com> Sent: Tuesday, March 14, 2006 4:55 PM Subject: [CherokeeGeneCommunity] Genealogy > Hello, > > I am also researching my family background. The family story is that my > great grandmother was 1/2 or 1/4 Indian and they think Cherokee. Her name > was Clifford Cordelia Henderson, born in Murray, GA, May 16, 1856 or 1858. > I have located a picture of her parents and they are Richard Daniel B > Henderson, born about 1836 in Georgia and Julia Ann Green who was white. > He is definitely Indian and possibly full blood. The census for 1840, > 1850 and 1860 shows him in Forsyth County, GA. So I am trying to find > information of his parents and their background. Richard Daniel B. > Henderson's parents are John Henderson, born 1807 in GA, and Mary > Henderson, born 1812 GA (no maiden name). They seem to have mostly been > in Forsyth County, but also Murray County. > > I have looked in some Indian applications and census records, and have > found some John Henderson's, but nothing definite. Whenever you look at a > card, how do you know the date of the card or at least a time frame? Most > don't mention a date. So when I see how old one John Henderson is, it > doesn't help me much. > Also under the Armstrong Roll, it mentions a Henderson roll of 1835 > History of Cherokee Indians from AL, GA, TN, and NC. There is no way to > click on that and I didn't have any luck under the Armstrong Roll. There > seems to be several Hendersons in the Choctaw Indians also. If someone > can direct me, I would appreciate it. > > Thank you. > > La Ruth Kendrick Gates > > > ==== CherokeeGene Mailing List ==== > This list is for Genealogy related conversations > Your supporting website http://www.wvi.com/~wb/Cherokee1.html > Please Good manors and no flaming others > For Culture, ridges; bumps; skin tones; or Language lessons Please visit > CHEROKEE-L-request@rootsweb.com > You can also find what you need search the archives > or to get off this list via web site below > http://lists.rootsweb.com/index/other/Ethnic-Native/CherokeeGene.html > Listowner = CherokeeGene-admin@rootsweb.com > >

Susan, Thank you so much. I have already learned a good deal from the information you gave me. I will go in to some of these rolls and see what else I can find. I am afraid that Richard Daniel B. Henderson's mother may be the one with true Cherokee blood and we don't have her maiden name. But I have been trying to look for brothers and sisters and hope that one of them or their offspring made application. There was a Robert Henderson (b 1780) that was a brother to John Henderson who was Richard's father. Maybe the Robert you listed is a relative of his. Also, I did find an Eliza Henderson in one of the Cherokee applications, age 55, BB (Blood % IW), #3198. I do not remember which roll I was in. But Eliza A. Henderson (b 1840, GA) is Richard Daniel B. Henderson's sister. Is there a way to know which roll it was by just the number? I may just have to go back and try to retrace my steps. When I first started, I didn't realize I needed the roll name You have been a great help and I really appreciate it. La Ruth Susan Reynolds wrote: > Hello, La Ruth! > > Cherokee research is fun, but can be a little frustrating. Maybe this > will help. > > The Henderson Roll is one of three documents also called the Trail of > Tears Roll. This roll was prepared in 1835 and was a listing of just > over 16000 Cherokee who were to be sent from GA, NC, TN, AL to the > Indian Territory in what is now OK. Not everyone on the Henderson > Roll actually walked the Trail of Tears, but it is the base roll for > that event. > > If you are looking at the Dawes Roll, the easiest way to do that is at > http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/dawes.php > Ages on the regular cards here are as of 1900 for Cherokee Nation and > on the Cherokee Minor Cards (children born after the initial process) > as of 4 March 190 It can be a little confusing at first interpreting > which parents belong to which person, but Jim Hicks' Cherokee Lineages > can help you out there > http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/h/i/c/James-R-Hicks-VA/ > Jim's work is based initially on the Starr genealogies and he is > adding to and correcting those genealogies as he gets the > documentation together. If you don't find much noted for > documentation, he probably hasn't gotten there, yet. The Starr > genealogies had some flaws, so don't take any of it for granted, > verify it for yourself. Jim is the first to say new information comes > to light all the time that completely changes the way a family is linked. > > Now, the Dawes Roll. If your people did not go to the Indian > Territory you will not find them on the Dawes Roll. One of the major > requirements for that land allotment was residence in the IT. If you > find a record in the 1894 Index for the Dawes Commission, it means > they applied, but never made it past the initial screening. This was > most often due to the residency requirement, but it could also be > because a person didn't appear on the 1880 or 1896 Cherokee Nation > census, which was the other requirement. If a person did not appear > on one of those, they could apply for citizenship (that's what this > 1894 index covers, is those applications). There were many reasons a > person might not be on the census. They may have been absent from the > Cherokee Nation at the time of the enumeration. If they were away for > more than 6 months, without the consent of the Cherokee government, > they lost their citizenship and had to be reinstated. Many neglected > to do this and had to be reinstated in 1894 and after 1896. This was > done based on the testimony of other citizens, so there were some that > were denied citizenship for political reasons and sometimes just > because people were mad at them and it was a way to get back at them. > Most often, it was because their families had been gone from the > Nation so long no one knew them or remembered their ancestors. So, > those applications on the 1894 index have genealogical value, but they > won't provide paper proof of Cherokee ancestry. Many of us know we > are Cherokee, but will never have the paper documentation. > > If your family remained in GA, you will need to look at the Eastern > Rolls. I have Bob Blankenship's Cherokee Roots 1 which indexes the > names on the Eastern Rolls and there were no Henderson's on any roll > in his index which begins with the Reservation Rolls 1817. I also > have his Guion Miller Roll Plus which shows the rejected applications > as well as accepted applications for this commission which began it's > work in 1909. This roll determined which persons were eligible for a > per capita payment ordered by the Court of Appeals to compensate the > Cherokee for loses incurred because of the Removals. If you think any > of the people listed below are yours, it would be worth ordering the > microfilm in at your local library or Family History Center. Each > application should have a minimum of three generations listed in it. > > Henderson, California - appl # 39846 - GA > Henderson, Emma - appl # 15259 - GA > Henderson, Ester - appl # 41882 - GA > Henderson, Genia - appl # 33555 - GA > Henderson, Nancy E. - appl # 13749 - GA > Henderson, Powell - appl # 43852 - GA > Henderson, Robert - appl # 43854 - GA > Henderson, W.P. - appl # 37368 - GA > > Rejection for the Miller Roll or any of the Rolls for that matter, > doesn't mean they weren't Cherokee. It simply means they had lived in > the white community as whites for so long they could not prove they > were Cherokee. Or, as did sadly happen, sometimes they were rejected > as I noted above even though they were known and acknowledged as > Cherokee. Many fought the battle out in court and won. Others > decided it wasn't worth the fight and let it drop there. Forsythe and > Murray Counties were certainly in the heart of the old Cherokee Nation > and your people may have hidden in plain sight when it was unsafe to > be Cherokee - or any other Nation. If that is the case, you might > never be able to prove it unless their names show up in someone else's > Miller application that is accepted. > > I hope that helps some. > > Blessings! > Susan > ----- Original Message ----- From: "LaRuth & Mark" <lmgates@ghg.net> > To: <CherokeeGene-L@rootsweb.com> > Sent: Tuesday, March 14, 2006 4:55 PM > Subject: [CherokeeGeneCommunity] Genealogy > > >> Hello, >> >> I am also researching my family background. The family story is that >> my great grandmother was 1/2 or 1/4 Indian and they think Cherokee. >> Her name was Clifford Cordelia Henderson, born in Murray, GA, May 16, >> 1856 or 1858. I have located a picture of her parents and they are >> Richard Daniel B Henderson, born about 1836 in Georgia and Julia Ann >> Green who was white. He is definitely Indian and possibly full >> blood. The census for 1840, 1850 and 1860 shows him in Forsyth >> County, GA. So I am trying to find information of his parents and >> their background. Richard Daniel B. Henderson's parents are John >> Henderson, born 1807 in GA, and Mary Henderson, born 1812 GA (no >> maiden name). They seem to have mostly been in Forsyth County, but >> also Murray County. >> >> I have looked in some Indian applications and census records, and >> have found some John Henderson's, but nothing definite. Whenever you >> look at a card, how do you know the date of the card or at least a >> time frame? Most don't mention a date. So when I see how old one >> John Henderson is, it doesn't help me much. >> Also under the Armstrong Roll, it mentions a Henderson roll of 1835 >> History of Cherokee Indians from AL, GA, TN, and NC. There is no way >> to click on that and I didn't have any luck under the Armstrong >> Roll. There seems to be several Hendersons in the Choctaw Indians >> also. If someone can direct me, I would appreciate it. >> >> Thank you. >> >> La Ruth Kendrick Gates >> >> >> ==== CherokeeGene Mailing List ==== >> This list is for Genealogy related conversations >> Your supporting website http://www.wvi.com/~wb/Cherokee1.html >> Please Good manors and no flaming others >> For Culture, ridges; bumps; skin tones; or Language lessons Please visit >> CHEROKEE-L-request@rootsweb.com >> You can also find what you need search the archives >> or to get off this list via web site below >> http://lists.rootsweb.com/index/other/Ethnic-Native/CherokeeGene.html >> Listowner = CherokeeGene-admin@rootsweb.com >> >> > > > > ==== CherokeeGene Mailing List ==== > This list is for Genealogy related conversations > Your supporting website http://www.wvi.com/~wb/Cherokee1.html > Please Good manors and no flaming others > For Culture, ridges; bumps; skin tones; or Language lessons Please visit > CHEROKEE-L-request@rootsweb.com > You can also find what you need search the archives > or to get off this list via web site below > http://lists.rootsweb.com/index/other/Ethnic-Native/CherokeeGene.html > Listowner = CherokeeGene-admin@rootsweb.com > >

Hi La Ruth, It sounds like your number is from the Dawes Roll, Cherokees by Blood. I encourage you to send for her Dawes application packet from the National Archives in Ft. Worth, TX. You will find a wealth of information, documents, letters, etc. in it. It will include an interview and information about other family members too. Its pretty inexpensive and worth every penny! This is a great way to substantiate or eliminate family connections. Or you can research the microfiche yourself at a historical society, but it won't have all the great docs in it. NARA is pretty speedy too. Happy hunting! Jerri --------------------------------- Yahoo! Travel Find great deals to the top 10 hottest destinations!

Forgot to mention: Your Eliza is listed as an intermarried white. Also keep in mind that the name Eliza was extremely common back in the day. The middle initial is important. However, as said before, her Dawes application packet will hep substantiate or eliminate her from your research. You will also have to keep in mind the time periods you listed that they appeared on the census' in Georgia do not fit in with the typical Cherokee place of residence after the forced removal. Happy hunting! j. LaRuth said: Also, I did find an Eliza Henderson in one of the Cherokee applications, age 55, BB (Blood % IW), #3198. I do not remember which roll I was in. But Eliza A. Henderson (b 1840, GA) is Richard Daniel B. Henderson's sister. --------------------------------- Yahoo! Mail Bring photos to life! New PhotoMail makes sharing a breeze.

Greetings! This is the abstract of Eliza's card courtesy of www.accessgenealogy.com Tribe Last First Middle Age Sex Blood Card Roll Misc Type Cherokee Condon Andrew 0 M 3198 P Cherokee Condon Ann 0 F 3198 P Cherokee Henderson Eliza 55 F IW 3198 NR BB This card lists Andrew and Ann Condon as her parents. So you will know, women were listed by their married surname if they were married. The Eliza above was married to William Penn Henderson according to the Jim Hicks site: http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/h/i/c/James-R-Hicks-VA/BOOK-0001/0021-0198.html#IND8031REF25 William was dead by the time of the Dawes Commission and this is probably why she is shown as having no roll number. They probably had not married by the cutoff established by the commission to admit non-Cherokee spouses to citizenship. Blessings! Susan