Its definitely still a mystery. I think they use the Y-DNA because it never completely changes in the women like it does with the men, who still carry their mom's DNA but it can get "intermixed" maybe with the dad's mom's dna too? I had a teacher in grade school that was basque or she married a guy who was. She was the most awesome-ist teacher I had ever had. I was suppose to have her for 2 yrs but she got preg. Towards the 2nd year so we only had her for 1/2 a yr then got the wicked witch from the east to fill in......it was a miserable year LOL -----Original Message----- From: cherokeegene-bounces@rootsweb.com [mailto:cherokeegene-bounces@rootsweb.com] On Behalf Of Dan M Sent: Saturday, July 5, 2014 4:41 PM To: cherokeegene@rootsweb.com Subject: Re: [CherokeeGene] Basques I sure your comments. History is Mystery. Dna is finding more uses. I always wondered If the Y dna is not passed by the female - how did it get into the baby male? Remember - there were many ships here ( before ) Columbus. How do we know, some of those did not add to the mix? Columbus claimed a mixed people he saw. Wearing turbans. The Vikings and Chinese were here hundreds of years before even Desoto. Europeans have been proved to be here 12,000 years before the first peoples. Then there is a research near the great lakes show tech 40,000 years ago of copper tools and arrow heads and then the center USA has other artifacts being studied. I have seen many races of people talked about being here, and I read what the archeologists find. So far, its getting to be a whole new system of a way of studies. Still with no conclusions. We wait. I think, the important thing to me now is, where did my DNA travel from to get here. I watched a video " Finding the Adam" a "Y" dna study to find out how far back they could get. Their conclusions were, Ethiopia, they lived on the coast, in those days the body needed sea food, dna mutated; some left the coast and went to other places, not needing sea food any more. This was said to be the reason people migrated - ?? - oh well, they said it not me ! I find lots of things interesting, but there are so many lies out there, it is easy for some one to make crazy claims. I think - there were more than one human like race here on our planet that never met each other, but the remains are still here. One tribe I did find interesting were the Chumash. I see all this, as an up in the air mystery. For now. Dan