Hi Alli, I for one would greatly appreciate your posts.:} I have consulted the web on several occasions but the computer and I do not see eye to eye on what to enter in the search bar.:} I get very frustrated. I bought a cook book written by an Indian who had an excellent restaurant and without even looking inside, I thought this going to be great!!! It is a very good cook book but has very few Indian recipes.:} All the best, Alli. Spring is around the corner - I sure hope - it has been a very cold hard winter. Today I can see the garden soil - haven't been able to say that for a while:} Take care Barbara ----- Original Message ----- From: "Alli :)" <iamcheroke@gmail.com> To: cherokee@rootsweb.com Sent: Sunday, February 23, 2014 1:52:45 PM Subject: Re: [Cherokee Circle] Crops Your welcome Barbara..... I'm hoping more will come forth that know more then me :) I will post some parts from Buffalo Bird Woman's book & see how many people have done similar as children or grew up hearing of it. :) -----Original Message----- From: cherokee-bounces@rootsweb.com [mailto:cherokee-bounces@rootsweb.com] On Behalf Of Barbara Young Sent: Sunday, February 23, 2014 5:40 AM To: cherokee@rootsweb.com Subject: Re: [Cherokee Circle] Crops Thank you Alli! I would be very interested in learning about the gardening. We have been planting non-GMOs, organic fertilizer, and no insecticides nor herbicides with hope maybe there are still some of the old tried and true methods and vegetables and fruits that have not been tampered with, around. Thanks again. Barbara in MA ======*====== List archives http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Thank you Alli! I would be very interested in learning about the gardening. We have been planting non-GMOs, organic fertilizer, and no insecticides nor herbicides with hope maybe there are still some of the old tried and true methods and vegetables and fruits that have not been tampered with, around. Thanks again. Barbara in MA ----- Original Message ----- From: "Alli :)" <iamcheroke@gmail.com> To: cherokee@rootsweb.com Sent: Sunday, February 23, 2014 2:22:30 AM Subject: [Cherokee Circle] Crops We use to have member who liked to share what they knew about crops. So I thought with spring slowly looming near that maybe those who are aware of the Native crops that we had in this country before the Europeans started farming...would share them. I remember some of them, but not all. I started to read (online) a book about Buffalo Bird Woman's Garden she was of the Hidatsa Indian Tribe. She speaks of how she/they did grew their garden with what tools, the veggies they grew, the ones that others grew that they were introduced to from other tribes, like watermelon. Anyway...I was wondering if anyone knows what the Cherokee people raised? ======*====== List archives http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Your welcome Barbara..... I'm hoping more will come forth that know more then me :) I will post some parts from Buffalo Bird Woman's book & see how many people have done similar as children or grew up hearing of it. :) -----Original Message----- From: cherokee-bounces@rootsweb.com [mailto:cherokee-bounces@rootsweb.com] On Behalf Of Barbara Young Sent: Sunday, February 23, 2014 5:40 AM To: cherokee@rootsweb.com Subject: Re: [Cherokee Circle] Crops Thank you Alli! I would be very interested in learning about the gardening. We have been planting non-GMOs, organic fertilizer, and no insecticides nor herbicides with hope maybe there are still some of the old tried and true methods and vegetables and fruits that have not been tampered with, around. Thanks again. Barbara in MA

Well, hopefully more will speak up. Otherwise if no one object's I can share bits of what Buffalo Bird Woman & her tribe did -----Original Message----- From: cherokee-bounces@rootsweb.com [mailto:cherokee-bounces@rootsweb.com] On Behalf Of wthreerivers@aol.com Sent: Sunday, February 23, 2014 5:30 AM To: cherokee@rootsweb.com Subject: Re: [Cherokee Circle] Crops I would be interested in this as it is something that is rarely discussed William Threerivers -----Original Message----- From: Alli :) <iamcheroke@gmail.com> To: cherokee <cherokee@rootsweb.com> Sent: Sun, Feb 23, 2014 2:22 am Subject: [Cherokee Circle] Crops We use to have member who liked to share what they knew about crops. So I thought with spring slowly looming near that maybe those who are aware of the Native crops that we had in this country before the Europeans started farming...would share them. I remember some of them, but not all. I started to read (online) a book about Buffalo Bird Woman's Garden she was of the Hidatsa Indian Tribe. She speaks of how she/they did grew their garden with what tools, the veggies they grew, the ones that others grew that they were introduced to from other tribes, like watermelon. Anyway...I was wondering if anyone knows what the Cherokee people raised? ======*====== List archives http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ======*====== List archives http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

HOW THE EARTH WAS MADE – Creek At last the excitement had died down. The news that Crawfish had brought back to the Council from the new lands below was important. Birds, he explained, could live on the new lands; animals could find their food for their survival. The mighty Eagle walked to the center of the fire and began to speak: "We are all filled with joy in our hearts to find that we cannot only send fish, but also birds and animals. Now we must prepare the lands for the coming of the new creatures, for they cannot live on the lands as they are now. I have an idea. I will ask permission from the Great Council to help create better land below." "Yes, yes," the Council cried, "It is our wish that the lands be a good place to live." The Eagle walked to the Crawfish and took the wet soil from between his claws. Round and round he rolled the soil between his powerful legs. Then, with a mighty flapping of his huge wings, he soared high above the Council. "What is he doing with the earth in his legs?" Does he intend to steal it?" they cried. Then, with a mighty swish, he hurled the red ball of soil earthward. The soil traveled so fast that it looked like a shooting star falling from the sky. A mighty roar sounded when the ball hit the oceans, making a large wave that parted the water. The red soil spread out and flattened so much that the earth was made in one move. At first, the lands were very wet, so the Eagle flew over them and dried them with his mighty wings. Soon the lands were dry enough to let the animal migration begin. http://www.indianlegend.com/creek/creek_index.htm

I would be interested in this as it is something that is rarely discussed William Threerivers -----Original Message----- From: Alli :) <iamcheroke@gmail.com> To: cherokee <cherokee@rootsweb.com> Sent: Sun, Feb 23, 2014 2:22 am Subject: [Cherokee Circle] Crops We use to have member who liked to share what they knew about crops. So I thought with spring slowly looming near that maybe those who are aware of the Native crops that we had in this country before the Europeans started farming...would share them. I remember some of them, but not all. I started to read (online) a book about Buffalo Bird Woman's Garden she was of the Hidatsa Indian Tribe. She speaks of how she/they did grew their garden with what tools, the veggies they grew, the ones that others grew that they were introduced to from other tribes, like watermelon. Anyway...I was wondering if anyone knows what the Cherokee people raised? ======*====== List archives http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

We use to have member who liked to share what they knew about crops. So I thought with spring slowly looming near that maybe those who are aware of the Native crops that we had in this country before the Europeans started farming...would share them. I remember some of them, but not all. I started to read (online) a book about Buffalo Bird Woman's Garden she was of the Hidatsa Indian Tribe. She speaks of how she/they did grew their garden with what tools, the veggies they grew, the ones that others grew that they were introduced to from other tribes, like watermelon. Anyway...I was wondering if anyone knows what the Cherokee people raised?

How The Eagle First Came To The People - Mohawk By KiiskeeN'tum (She Who Remembers) In the Time of the Beginning, it was the Way of My People, to rejoice in the birth of a child. The Old Ones, the Elders said that a child was the most precious Gift given to the People by the Creator. So, in this Time, was born a male child. As was the way of the People, this child was given no name until he had been in the Physical World for three moons. When three moons had passed, his family held a Naming Feast, to share and celebrate this Gift. The Old One's who's responsibility it was to find the Spirit Name for each new soul, was given Tobacco. He would fast and pray and search the Spirit World until the Name was found. On the fourth day, his Name was announced to all who were present. The Old One held the child high, close to Father Sky. Then he touched the child's body to Mother Earth. Next he faced the child to all Four Sacred Directions: the East, the direction of springtime and childhood. Then the South, home to summer and adolescence. Thirdly he faced him to the West where Autumn and maturity reside. Finally, he faced North, home to Winter and the Elders. As he spoke the child's name, all who heard it were surprised. No child ever had received such a Name: He Who Walks a Different Path: Ka Bay she go e sayd. As this child grew, it became apparent that He Who Walks a Different Path was very different than the other children. It was the way of the People that everyone within the village contributed in some way to the well-being of all. "It must be so" the Elders said. "We live in a delicate Balance with all our Relatives. We must take only what we need to survive. We must Respect our Mother the Earth, Grandfather Sun, Father Sky, and Grandmother Moon." "We must Respect all Kingdoms, all things, all our relations. All must work together." So, in this place, each one worked. Some were Hunters, Guardians and Warriors who leaned from the Spirit of the Bear or Wolf. Others carried the knowledge and history of the Peoples, and often traded goods, as Storytellers, learning from the Turtle. Still others were Dreamers, planners, War-chiefs who learned from Hawk, or coyote. Some others were builders making lodges, canoes, tools and weapons needed to survive, learning from the Beaver. A few were Holy People, Healers and Medicine People who learned from all things that existed and helped the ill. "Children are closer to our Creator and will know their own path", so the Elders taught. So the People allowed the children to learn and experience many things around them. "Children are not owned but belong to the community and the future." All around cared for the children and kept them safe. So Ka Bay she go e sayd was allowed to investigate many ways of learning. He often spent many hours in the woods, talking to the four-leggeds, (animals) and the wingeds, (birds). He felt it was wrong to hunt and kill his friends for food. An Elder once reported seeing the child surrounded by animals with a Falcon and a Hawk on each shoulder. People shook their heads and wondered. Each time the boy was questioned about his choice of lifes work, he answered: "It is not for me". As he grew towards adulthood, he was asked more frequently. Always he replied: "It is not for me." It was the Way of the People to deal with problems or conflicts by "Taking it to the Fire'. All the Elders sat in the Sacred Circle around the Fire. Everyone who wished to speak was given time. One could talk as long as one wished. Respect must be shown in manner and speech. There was no interruption of the speaker. Then the Elders would confer and pray and talk until a consensus or agreement was reached. All the People would abide by the decision. So, Ka Bay she go e sayd was called to this place. When he was given time to speak, he said: "The Creator has given me a different Vision. These ways are not for me." The Elders spent many hours trying to reach a decision. Finally, the Elder whose responsibility it was to speak for the People, rose to his feet. His voice was filled with sadness. "If you will not work or help in any way, you must leave this place. There can be no room for those who do not contribute to the well-being of our People." There was great sadness. This had never happened before in the memory of anyone. There was much sadness in the village, as the boy packed a blanket, some dried berries along with his few clothes and left the village. The boy felt sad to leave his family, but he also felt happiness for now he could spend all his time in the forest with the birds and animals who were his friends. The days passed slowly and pleasantly for the youth. He learned many things from his Animal-kind brothers and sisters. The hunters of his village came to find food for the villagers. Some of his animal-kind friends chose to offer themselves so that the village people could continue to have food and clothing. The hunters left Tobacco and said prayers of appreciation and thanks for their gifts. Wa Bay she go e sayd was saddened when his animal-kind friends died. So he began to go ahead of the hunters to warn and frighten away the animals. Game became scarce, there was little food in the pots of the villagers. Peoples stomachs were hungry and they became angry at the youth. The hunters began to hunt for He Who Walks a Different Path. He was forced higher and higher into the hills, and then into the mountains. Finally, he was so high up that only the birds remained to keep him company. It is the way of Human-Kind that young boys bodies begin to change as they grow into young men. They grow hair on their bodies, their voices deepen, their muscles strengthen and they grow tall. Ka Bay she go e sayd's body began to change. But in a way he had never seen before. On morning he awoke and found talons in place of his fingernails. Next, he noticed feathers were growing out of the backs of his hands and in the skin on his arms and shoulders. He became very afraid. He dug a hole in the ground, to fast and pray, asking the Creator for understanding and guidance. On the fourth day, the Creator appeared before him in the form of a huge bird, such as had never before been seen in the Physical World. He spoke to He Who Walks A Different Path: "My child, you have remained true to the Vision and Wisdom I placed within you when you entered this World of Physical Things. You have endured much. "From this day on a new creature will enter the World: Kinew, the Golden Eagle. In return for your loyalty, you and all your descendants shall have the Honour of carrying the prayers of Human-Kind between the Worlds of Earth and Spirit. All who see an Eagle shall be reminded of Freedom and Truth. All who hold your feathers must speak only the Truth in a good and kind way. "As my view of what happens in this World is different from where I live in the Spirit World, you will spend most of your time in the realm of Father Sky, and view the world below in a different way. As My Vision is unique and different, your eyesight will be keener than any other bird that inhabits the skies. All who see you flying higher than all other winged ones will be reminded of the World of Spirit which is unseen yet so close-by to those in the World of Physical Things." And so it is told, this way, of How the Eagle First Came to the People. KiiskeeN’tum – She Who Remembers www.mormonmohawk.com and my email: KiiskeeN'tum <mohawk@mormonmohawk.com> http://www.mormonmohawk.com/traditional/eaglestory.html

How The Ducks Got Their Fine Feathers ANOTHER night had come, and I made my way toward War Eagle's lodge. In the bright moonlight the dead leaves of the quaking-aspen fluttered down whenever the wind shook the trees; and over the village great flocks of ducks and geese and swan passed in a never-ending procession, calling to each other in strange tones as they sped away toward the waters that never freeze. In the lodge War Eagle waited for his grandchildren, and when they had entered, happily, he laid aside his pipe and said: "The Duck-people are travelling to-night just as they have done since the world was young. They are going away from winter because they cannot make a living when ice covers the rivers. "You have seen the Duck-people often. You have noticed that they wear fine clothes but you do not know how they got them; so I will tell you to-night. "It was in the fall when leaves are yellow that it happened, and long, long ago. The Duck-people had gathered to go away, just as they are doing now. The buck-deer was coming down from the high ridges to visit friends in the lowlands along the streams as they have always done. On a lake Old-man saw the Duck-people getting ready to go away, and at that time they all looked alike; that is, they all wore the same colored clothes. The loons and the geese and the ducks were there and playing in the sunlight. The loons were laughing loudly and the diving was fast and merry to see. On the hill where Old-man stood there was a great deal of moss, and he began to tear it from the ground and roll it into a great ball. When he had gathered all he needed he shouldered the load and started for the shore of the lake, staggering under the weight of the great burden. Finally the Duck-people saw him coming with his load of moss and began to swim away from the shore. "'Wait, my brothers!' he called, 'I have a big load here, and I am going to give you people a dance. Come and help me get things ready. ' "'Don't you do it,' said the gray goose to the others; 'that's Old-man and he is up to something bad, I am sure.' "So the loon called to Old-man and said they wouldn't help him at all. "Right near the water Old-man dropped his ball of moss and then cut twenty long poles. With the poles he built a lodge which he covered with the moss, leaving a doorway facing the lake. Inside the lodge he built a fire and when it grew bright he cried: "'Say, brothers, why should you treat me this way when I am here to give you a big dance? Come into the lodge,' but they wouldn't do that. Finally Old-man began to sing a song in the duck-talk, and keep time with his drum. The Duck-people liked the music, and swam a little nearer to the shore, watching for trouble all the time, but Old-man sang so sweetly that pretty soon they waddled up to the lodge and went inside. The loon stopped near the door, for he believed that what the gray goose had said was true, and that Old-man was up to some mischief. The gray goose, too, was careful to stay close to the door but the ducks reached all about the fire. Politely, Old-man passed the pipe, and they all smoked with him because it is wrong not to smoke in a person's lodge if the pipe is offered, and the Duck-people knew that. "'Well,' said Old-man, 'this is going to be the Blind-dance, but you will have to be painted first. "'Brother Mallard, name the colors -- tell how you want me to paint you.' "'Well,' replied the mallard drake, 'paint my head green, and put a white circle around my throat, like a necklace. Besides that, I want a brown breast and yellow legs: but I don't want my wife painted that way.' "Old-man painted him just as he asked, and his wife, too. Then the teal and the wood-duck (it took a long time to paint the wood-duck) and the spoonbill and the blue-bill and the canvasback and the goose and the brant and the loon -- all chose their paint. Old-man painted them all just as they wanted him to, and kept singing all the time. They looked very pretty in the firelight, for it was night before the painting was done. "'Now,' said Old-man, 'as this is the Blind-dance, when I beat upon my drum you must all shut your eyes tight and circle around the fire as I sing. Every one that peeks will have sore eyes forever.' "Then the Duck-people shut their eyes and Old-man began to sing: 'Now you come, ducks, now you come -- tum-tum, tum; tum-tum, tum.' "Around the fire they came with their eyes still shut, and as fast as they reached Old-man, the rascal would seize them, and wring their necks. Ho! things were going fine for Old-man, but the loon peeked a little, and saw what was going on; several others heard the fluttering and opened their eyes, too. The loon cried out, 'He's killing us -- let us fly,' and they did that. There was a great squawking and quacking and fluttering as the Duck-people escaped from the lodge. Ho! but Old-man was angry, and he kicked the back of the loon-duck, and that is why his feet turn from his body when he walks or tries to stand. Yes, that is why he is a cripple to-day. "And all of the Duck-people that peeked that night at the dance still have sore eyes -- just as Old-man told them they would have. Of course they hurt and smart no more but they stay red to pay for peeking, and always will. You have seen the mallard and the rest of the Duck-people. You can see that the colors Old-man painted so long ago are still bright and handsome, and they will stay that way forever and forever. Ho!" Indian Why Stories , Sparks From War Eagle's Lodge-Fire , Frank B.Linderman, [CO SKEE SEE CO COT] , Published: 1915 , And Is Now In The Public Domain.

Joyce, forgot to add that tin foil came along much later than when I used the sweet gum branches as toothbrush so it is of interest to me that the pricklies had/have some use--- Again, thank you. Fran Chinquapin On Sat, Feb 22, 2014 at 3:21 AM, Fran West-Powe <fwestpowe@gmail.com> wrote: > Joyce, thank you. I did not think there was anyone left who is old enough > to remember the kind of "toothbrush" we used, but to learn one person still > uses it is great information. > > "Preciate your note. > > Fran > Chinkapin > > > On Tue, Feb 18, 2014 at 8:21 AM, <jgreece55@gmail.com> wrote: > >> It was definitely the Sweet Gum. The young sapling branches. They grow >> to >> be very large and very old with prickly little balls on their branches. >> We >> used to wrap them in aluminum foil for decorations for the Christmas tree. >> The wood is almost impossible to use for burning. It won't bust since >> it's >> stringy. It burns good but won't bust. >> >> BTW My mom still uses the sweet gum tooth brush. >> >> >> >> Joyce Gaston Reece >> -----Original Message----- >> From: Blue Panther >> Sent: Monday, February 17, 2014 7:22 PM >> To: cherokee@rootsweb.com >> Subject: Re: [Cherokee Circle] A tree whose branches we used for >> teethcleaning >> >> I think it the sweet gum tree >> >> -----Original Message----- >> From: Fran West-Powe >> Sent: Monday, February 17, 2014 9:28 AM >> To: CHEROKEE@rootsweb.com >> Subject: [Cherokee Circle] A tree whose branches we used for teeth >> cleaning >> >> Writing my family history for my descendants, and cannot remember the name >> of the tree whose little branches we used to clean our teeth. We pulled >> back some bark and used it much as today a toothbrush is used. >> >> Anyone on this list who grew up in back country of S GA and N FL know what >> tree that might have been? >> >> 'Preciate the help. >> >> Fran >> Chinkapin >> ======*====== >> List archives >> http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee >> ------------------------------- >> To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to >> CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the >> quotes >> in the subject and the body of the message >> >> ======*====== >> List archives >> http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee >> ------------------------------- >> To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to >> CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the >> quotes >> in the subject and the body of the message >> >> ======*====== >> List archives >> http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee >> ------------------------------- >> To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to >> CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the >> quotes in the subject and the body of the message >> > >

Joyce, thank you. I did not think there was anyone left who is old enough to remember the kind of "toothbrush" we used, but to learn one person still uses it is great information. "Preciate your note. Fran Chinkapin On Tue, Feb 18, 2014 at 8:21 AM, <jgreece55@gmail.com> wrote: > It was definitely the Sweet Gum. The young sapling branches. They grow to > be very large and very old with prickly little balls on their branches. We > used to wrap them in aluminum foil for decorations for the Christmas tree. > The wood is almost impossible to use for burning. It won't bust since it's > stringy. It burns good but won't bust. > > BTW My mom still uses the sweet gum tooth brush. > > > > Joyce Gaston Reece > -----Original Message----- > From: Blue Panther > Sent: Monday, February 17, 2014 7:22 PM > To: cherokee@rootsweb.com > Subject: Re: [Cherokee Circle] A tree whose branches we used for > teethcleaning > > I think it the sweet gum tree > > -----Original Message----- > From: Fran West-Powe > Sent: Monday, February 17, 2014 9:28 AM > To: CHEROKEE@rootsweb.com > Subject: [Cherokee Circle] A tree whose branches we used for teeth cleaning > > Writing my family history for my descendants, and cannot remember the name > of the tree whose little branches we used to clean our teeth. We pulled > back some bark and used it much as today a toothbrush is used. > > Anyone on this list who grew up in back country of S GA and N FL know what > tree that might have been? > > 'Preciate the help. > > Fran > Chinkapin > ======*====== > List archives > http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the > quotes > in the subject and the body of the message > > ======*====== > List archives > http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the > quotes > in the subject and the body of the message > > ======*====== > List archives > http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the > quotes in the subject and the body of the message >

How The Ducks Got Their Fine Feathers ANOTHER night had come, and I made my way toward War Eagle's lodge. In the bright moonlight the dead leaves of the quaking-aspen fluttered down whenever the wind shook the trees; and over the village great flocks of ducks and geese and swan passed in a never-ending procession, calling to each other in strange tones as they sped away toward the waters that never freeze. In the lodge War Eagle waited for his grandchildren, and when they had entered, happily, he laid aside his pipe and said: "The Duck-people are travelling to-night just as they have done since the world was young. They are going away from winter because they cannot make a living when ice covers the rivers. "You have seen the Duck-people often. You have noticed that they wear fine clothes but you do not know how they got them; so I will tell you to-night. "It was in the fall when leaves are yellow that it happened, and long, long ago. The Duck-people had gathered to go away, just as they are doing now. The buck-deer was coming down from the high ridges to visit friends in the lowlands along the streams as they have always done. On a lake Old-man saw the Duck-people getting ready to go away, and at that time they all looked alike; that is, they all wore the same colored clothes. The loons and the geese and the ducks were there and playing in the sunlight. The loons were laughing loudly and the diving was fast and merry to see. On the hill where Old-man stood there was a great deal of moss, and he began to tear it from the ground and roll it into a great ball. When he had gathered all he needed he shouldered the load and started for the shore of the lake, staggering under the weight of the great burden. Finally the Duck-people saw him coming with his load of moss and began to swim away from the shore. "'Wait, my brothers!' he called, 'I have a big load here, and I am going to give you people a dance. Come and help me get things ready. ' "'Don't you do it,' said the gray goose to the others; 'that's Old-man and he is up to something bad, I am sure.' "So the loon called to Old-man and said they wouldn't help him at all. "Right near the water Old-man dropped his ball of moss and then cut twenty long poles. With the poles he built a lodge which he covered with the moss, leaving a doorway facing the lake. Inside the lodge he built a fire and when it grew bright he cried: "'Say, brothers, why should you treat me this way when I am here to give you a big dance? Come into the lodge,' but they wouldn't do that. Finally Old-man began to sing a song in the duck-talk, and keep time with his drum. The Duck-people liked the music, and swam a little nearer to the shore, watching for trouble all the time, but Old-man sang so sweetly that pretty soon they waddled up to the lodge and went inside. The loon stopped near the door, for he believed that what the gray goose had said was true, and that Old-man was up to some mischief. The gray goose, too, was careful to stay close to the door but the ducks reached all about the fire. Politely, Old-man passed the pipe, and they all smoked with him because it is wrong not to smoke in a person's lodge if the pipe is offered, and the Duck-people knew that. "'Well,' said Old-man, 'this is going to be the Blind-dance, but you will have to be painted first. "'Brother Mallard, name the colors -- tell how you want me to paint you.' "'Well,' replied the mallard drake, 'paint my head green, and put a white circle around my throat, like a necklace. Besides that, I want a brown breast and yellow legs: but I don't want my wife painted that way.' "Old-man painted him just as he asked, and his wife, too. Then the teal and the wood-duck (it took a long time to paint the wood-duck) and the spoonbill and the blue-bill and the canvasback and the goose and the brant and the loon -- all chose their paint. Old-man painted them all just as they wanted him to, and kept singing all the time. They looked very pretty in the firelight, for it was night before the painting was done. "'Now,' said Old-man, 'as this is the Blind-dance, when I beat upon my drum you must all shut your eyes tight and circle around the fire as I sing. Every one that peeks will have sore eyes forever.' "Then the Duck-people shut their eyes and Old-man began to sing: 'Now you come, ducks, now you come -- tum-tum, tum; tum-tum, tum.' "Around the fire they came with their eyes still shut, and as fast as they reached Old-man, the rascal would seize them, and wring their necks. Ho! things were going fine for Old-man, but the loon peeked a little, and saw what was going on; several others heard the fluttering and opened their eyes, too. The loon cried out, 'He's killing us -- let us fly,' and they did that. There was a great squawking and quacking and fluttering as the Duck-people escaped from the lodge. Ho! but Old-man was angry, and he kicked the back of the loon-duck, and that is why his feet turn from his body when he walks or tries to stand. Yes, that is why he is a cripple to-day. "And all of the Duck-people that peeked that night at the dance still have sore eyes -- just as Old-man told them they would have. Of course they hurt and smart no more but they stay red to pay for peeking, and always will. You have seen the mallard and the rest of the Duck-people. You can see that the colors Old-man painted so long ago are still bright and handsome, and they will stay that way forever and forever. Ho!" Indian Why Stories , Sparks From War Eagle's Lodge-Fire , Frank B.Linderman, [CO SKEE SEE CO COT] , Published: 1915 , And Is Now In The Public Domain.

How the Duck Hearing Agreed to Guide K'yäk'lu - Zuni Now, when the Duck heard his cry, see! it was so like her own that she came closer by than any, answering loudly. And when they were near to each other, they appeared much related, strange as that may seem. Forasmuch as he was of all times the listener and speaker, and therefore the wisest of all men, so was she of all regions the traveler and searcher, knowing all ways, whether above or below the waters, whether in the north, the west, the south, or the east, all therein was the most knowing of all creatures. Thus the wisdom (yúyananak'ya) of the one comprehended (aíyuhetok'ya) the knowletdge (ánikwanak'ya) of the other, and K'yäk'lu, in the midst of his lamentations asked consel and guidance, crying, Ha-na-ha! Ha-na-ha! A-ha-hua! O, grandmothor! Where am I straying So far fron~ my country and people? All speeches I know of my sitting In councils of men and the beings, Since first in the depths they had being! But of far ways, alas! I know nothing! Ha-na-ha! Ha-na-ha! A-hah-hua! The mountains are white and the. valleys; All plains are like others in whiteness; And even the light of our father The Sun, as he goes and passes, Makes all ways more hidden of whiteness! For in brightness my eyes see but darkness— And in darkness all ways are bewildered! Ha-na-ha! Ha-na-ha! A-hah-hua! In the winds, see! I hear the directions; But the winds speak the ways of all regions, Of the north and the west and the southward, Of the east and of upward and downward, They tell not the way to the Middle! They tell not the way to my people! Ha-na-ha! Ha-na-ha! A-hah-hua! "Hold, my child, my father," said the Duck. "do not think such thoughts. Though you are billed, yet you hear all as I see all. Give me, therefore, tinkling shells from your girdle and place them on my neck and in my beak. Thus I may guide you with my seeing if you by your hearing can grasp and hold firmly my trail. For look now! I know well your country and the way there, for I go that way each year leading the wild goose and the crane, who flee there as winter follows." And so the K`yäk'lu placed his talking shells on the neck of the Duck and in her beak placed the singing shells7, whichever in his speakings and listenings K'yäk'lu had been accumstomed to wear at his girdle; and although painfully and lamely, yet he did follow the sound she made with these shells, perching lightly on his searching outstretched hand, and did all too slowly follow her swift flight from place to place where she going forth in flight would await him and urge him, ducking her head that the shells might call loudly, and dipping her beak that they might summon his ears as the hand summons the eyes. By and by they came to the country of thick rains and mists on the borders of the Snow World, and passed from water to water, until at last, see! wider waters lay in their way. In vain the Duck called and jingled her shells over the midst of them, K'yäk'lu could not follow. And he was maimed, nor could he swim or fly as could the Duck. http://www.aniwaya.org/html/stories/south/southern/story029-sw-Zuni.html

Buffalo Field Campaign PO Box 957 West Yellowstone, MT 59758 http://www.buffalofieldcampaign.org bfc-media@wildrockies.org Yellowstone Bison Update from the Field February 20, 2014 *You can view the HTML version of the Update from the Field, which includes photos and hyperlinks, on http://www.buffalofieldcampaign.org * Yellowstone Baits Buffalo into Trap, Sends More to Slaughter: BFC Press Release * Update from the Field * TAKE ACTION TO STOP THE SLAUGHTER! * The Buffalo Need You. Volunteer or Donate Today * Derrick Jensen Interviews BFC's Mike Mease * Submit Your Photos & Artwork to BFC's Wild Bison Calendar * Buffalo in the News * By the Numbers * Last Words of Buffalo Inspiration ~ Derrick Jensen **************** *Yellowstone Baits Buffalo into Trap, Sends More to Slaughter On Wednesday morning, as BFC Gardiner patrols were monitoring the buffalo held captive inside Yellowstone's Stephens Creek bison trap, stock trailers arrived. 17 more wild buffalo were loaded onto these trailers and transported 300 miles by the Confederated Salish & Kootenai Tribes to a tribal slaughter facility in Ronan, Montana. Read the full press release and see below for more detailed events. BFC 2/19/14 press release: http://ecowatch.com/2014/02/19/update-yellowstone-ships-more-bison-to-slaughter/ ******************** *Update from the Field PHOTO Hard times are underway for wild buffalo, as hunting, capture, and slaughter increases. Since early February, approximately 87 wild buffalo have been trapped within Yellowstone National Park, in the Stephens Creek capture facility in the Gardiner Basin. None of the buffalo had ever left the park. Park rangers are not actively hazing (chasing) buffalo into the trap, and patrols in Gardiner are convinced that the Park Service has been baiting them with hay, a tactic the Montana Department of Livestock is known to use. Of the buffalo that have been captured to date, 37 were shipped by the Confederated Salish & Kootenai Tribes to a tribal slaughter facility, 17 of these buffalo were condemned just yesterday. Five buffalo were taken by the USDA Animal & Plant Health Inspection Service to be used in experiments with the birth control chemical GonaCon. The buffalo that are still in the trap at the time of this writing will likely be taken to other tribal slaughter facilities by the InterTribal Buffalo Council, a federally chartered buffalo ranching organization. This could happen as early as today or Friday. We also learned that the Nez Perce tribe has just signed a slaughter agreement with Yellowstone, so they, too, will begin to transport wild buffalo from the Stephens Creek trap to Nez Perce slaughter facilities in Idaho, more than a twelve hour drive. While tribal governments are making these drastic decisions to fully participate in slaughtering wild buffalo, there are many within these tribes who strongly oppose such actions and these voices will not go unheard. While these terrible actions are taking place, hunting has also been staining the landscape red. One hundred sixty seven buffalo have so far been killed by state and treaty hunters. Within the Gardiner Basin where buffalo are being trapped, state and treaty hunters have killed seventy-five buffalo since capture operations began. The state hunt finally ended on February 15, but Native treaty hunting will continue into April, with calving season just around the corner. PHOTO of the 26 In the Hebgen Basin, west of Yellowstone's boundary, a family group that we had come to know very well has been shattered. Since mid-autumn, BFC patrols have been monitoring a group of 26 buffalo. They were all that remained after Confederated Salish & Kootenai tribal hunters killed nearly 3/4 of a group that had migrated into Montana earlier than we typically see. Initially there were over 80 buffalo in this group; after the hunters left, just twenty-six remained. These twenty-six buffalo had been keeping themselves alive by residing on the Galanis property and in Yellowstone Village, both buffalo-friendly residential areas on Horse Butte where hunting is not allowed. Day after day we would breathe a sigh of relief because the buffalo seemed to be quite content staying in this safe zone. But, these buffalo-friendly properties are adjacent to Gallatin National Forest, where hunting is permitted. There were times when the group of 26 would move over to the national forest land, giving us a good scare. But they always moved there when there were no hunters around, and when hunters did arrive, they found the buffalo safely back in no hunting areas. We can't be sure, but we strongly suspect that some hunters got frustrated with the buffalo being inaccessible. PHOTO of the 26 Late last week, patrols discovered the buffalo gone and trespassing snowmobile tracks on the Galanis property. The tracks circled and circled, which lead us to believe that the buffalo were harassed and pushed out of their safe zone. In the days following this discovery, the group split up and eight of them were shot by state hunters. Six of these buffalo were shot near the Madison River, in a sensitive riparian area of Gallatin National Forest that is closed to snowmobiles. As if it weren't already far too easy to kill buffalo, the hunters asked for permission to take their snowmobiles down into this closed area to retrieve their kills. They were unfortunately granted permission by Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks. Only a small handful of these buffalo remain in the area, and they are back on the Galanis property where they are safe, for now. Please allow this information to inspire you to take action. The buffalo need us to speak up and share their story now more than ever. See below for some very important actions you can take and thank you so much for being with us for the buffalo! Stay strong and remember the words of Edward Abbey, "sentiment without action is the ruin of the soul." Wild is the Way ~ Roam Free! ~Stephany ******************* *TAKE ACTION TO STOP THE SLAUGHTER! 1. CONTACT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT: Please call Yellowstone Superintendent Dan Wenk at (307) 344-2002, and also send him a letter to urge him to stop the 2014 buffalo slaughter that is currently underway. >>> http://org.salsalabs.com/o/2426/p/dia/action/public/?action_KEY=12829 2. CONTACT TRIBAL GOVERNMENT: Contact the Confederated Salish & Kootenai Tribes and urge them to stop taking wild buffalo to slaughter! >>> http://org.salsalabs.com/o/2426/p/dia/action3/common/public/?action_KEY=15119 3. CONTACT MONTANA GOVERNMENT: Contact Montana Governor Steve Bullock and urge him to stop the war against wild buffalo in Montana! >>> http://org.salsalabs.com/o/2426/p/dia/action3/common/public/?action_KEY=13718 4. Visit our Take Action page to contact other decision-makers who need to hear from you and please share the links to these take action alerts on Facebook and other social media outlets. >>> http://www.buffalofieldcampaign.org/actnow/takeaction.html ********************** * The Buffalo Need You. Volunteer or Donate Today. If you have ever dreamed of standing with buffalo and fighting for their rights to be wild, NOW IS THAT TIME! BFC is in need of caring people to make this sacred sacrifice to help the buffalo. Buffalo Field Campaign invites you to join us on the front lines, here on the edge of the world's first national park, to defend America's last wild, migratory buffalo. State, federal, and tribal governments are in the process of capturing and killing hundreds of wild bison. They aim to reduce the already vulnerable population of America's last wild, migratory buffalo to a mere 3,000 animals. We need more people to stand with us and protect the buffalo. Please, if you have ever thought about coming out we need help from now until the end of May. BFC provides room, board, gear, and training while the wildlife and wild lands provide incredible inspiration. Please visit our volunteer page to fill out an application or email our volunteer coordinators at volunteer[AT]buffalofieldcampaign[DOT]org or 406-646-0070. Bring your passion and your ideas. See you on the front lines! If you can not join us in person we could still use your help. Please use the DONATE link below to make a tax-deductible contribution to our important work for the buffalo. Thanks for giving us the honor of standing with these sacred beings and please come experience it for yourselves, it will change your life. WITH THE BUFFALO, Mike Mease VOLUNTEER: http://www.buffalofieldcampaign.org/aboutus/volunteeringatcamp.html DONATE: https://org.salsalabs.com/o/2426/donate_page/forthebuffalo ********************************* *Derrick Jensen Interviews BFC's Mike Mease Derrick Jensen is one of BFC's heroes. He is an amazing author, eco-warrior, human rights defender, and champion of all things wild and free. He has written numerous books including the profound and life-changing "A Language Older Than Words," and "Strangely Like War," to name two. He is a must-read author for anyone who considers themselves an Earth defender. Derrick has been a strong supporter of Buffalo Field Campaign for many years and Mike Mease recently had the honor and pleasure of being interviewed by Derrick. Listen to the interview here : http://prn.fm/category/archives/resistance-radio/ Thank you Derrick! *********************** *BFC's 2015 Wild Bison Calendar: *SUBMIT YOUR PHOTOS & ART "*WE ARE NOW ACCEPTING SUBMISSIONS FOR 2015*", so if you have high resolution photos, artwork, poetry, quotes, or interesting natural facts about wild buffalo, please contact Stephany for details at bfc-media[AT]wildrockies[DOT]org Don't miss out on BFC's 2014 Wild Bison of Yellowstone Country Calendar! This is likely our best calendar yet, with absolutely stunning photos of wild buffalo in their native habitat, incredible artwork, and inspiring quotes, facts, and poetry. ORDER NOW https://org.salsalabs.com/o/2426/t/7926/shop/item.jsp?storefront_KEY=554&t=&store_item_KEY=4649 Thank you to everyone who has made our Wild Bison calendars such a huge success! This is one of our favorite projects as it allows all of us to celebrate wild buffalo 365 days a year! *********************** *By the Numbers The last wild, migratory buffalo populations are currently estimated at fewer than 4,400 individual animals, living in and around Yellowstone National Park. Wild, migratory bison are ecologically extinct throughout their native range in North America. 2013-2014 Total Buffalo Killed: 209 Government Capture: 87 Buffalo Released from Capture: U.S./State Government Slaughter: Tribal Slaughter - CSKT: 37 Tribal Slaughter - ITBC: Died in Government Trap: Died in Government Research Facility**: 1 Miscarriage in Government Trap: State Hunt: 35 Treaty Hunts: 131 Unknown Hunts: 1 Sent to Quarantine: Sent to Research Facility: 5 Shot by Agents: Highway Mortality: Cause of Death Unknown: Total Killed in Previous Years* 2012-2013: 261 2011-2012: 33 2010-2011: 227 2009-2010: 7 2008-2009: 22 2007-2008: 1,631 Total Killed Since 2000: 4,447 *includes lethal government action, trap-related fatalities, quarantine/experiments, hunts, and highway deaths **bison stolen from the wild and placed in research facilities (such as for GonaCon) have already been counted as being "eliminated from the population" so bison that have died in a government research facility are not reflected in the total. ********************************* *Last Words of Buffalo Inspiration "What are the dying salmon telling you? And the dying forests? What lessons are whispered to you by the ghosts of the passenger pigeons, or the ghostly roll of thunder of a mammoth herd of bison? Allow these voices to inform your actions." ~ Derrick Jensen, A Language Older than Words Please send us your submissions for Last Words to bfc-media[AT]wildrockies[DOT]org. Thank you for all the poems, songs, quotes and stories you've contributed! Keep them coming! **************************** Click here to unsubscribe http://org.salsalabs.com/o/2426/t/7926/p/salsa/supporter/unsubscribe/public/?unsubscribe_page_KEY=42

How The Dove Got Its Color And Its Song – Wyandot Se’ sta made the doves. They were gentle. They lived near him. They sang to him all the day. They were white and had long graceful feathers. When they flew they seemed to float in the air. Their soft feathers trailed in the wind. The doves were very beautiful. In those days there was a chief who had no wife. Once when he came back from war, he brought prisoners from the towns of the enemy. One of these was a girl. The prisoners were divided at the council house. But no one wanted the beautiful girl. So she was in danger. For if she should not be adopted by some one of her captors, she would be killed. Then the chief took her and thus saved her life. When she was grown up he made her his wife, and they were happy. The chief and his wife had but one child. This child was a lovely little girl. Her name was A yu’ ra, which means “a dove flying.” She loved the birds. But she loved the doves more than all the others. They came fluttering down when she called them. They sat upon her head, her shoulders, her arms. They clung to her clothing. She held them in her hands and talked to them. The doves knew what A yu’ ra said to them. One day A yu’ ra was very sick. Nothing could be done to cure her. In a few days she passed on to the land of the Little People. It was hard to give her up. Her mother held her in her arms while her father and the hookies tried to call her back to this life. While the hookies were singing and beating on their little drums, the people saw A yu’ ra coming back. She came like a dove, floating above them. They heard her chanting the dove songs. When they heard her singing, the doves rose in the air and gathered about her. Then, singing with her, they turned and went toward the city where lives the Woman who fell down from Heaven. They came to the city. It was built under the ground. Great fires burned below it. The Woman let A yu’ ra come in. But the cloves she kept out. She said that A yu’ ra must now go on to the Land of the Little people, but that the doves could not go there. The doves were not pleased. They would not go away. They sat on the branches of the trees above the city. There they mourned day and night for A yu’ ra. When the doves would not go away, the Woman came out of the great stone gate of the city. Then she said to the doves, “I am sorry. For I must make you go away. You frighten the souls who come here on their way to the Land of the Little People. I must loose the black smoke of the fires under the city. And you shall never again sing any but the mourning song.” Suddenly the black smoke burst forth and almost smothered the doves. When they got out of it, they found that their long graceful feathers were singed off and that their beautiful white color was smoked to a soft gray. From that day doves have had only the color you now see. Their trailing plumage is gone. They sing only the mourning song they chanted at the gate of Heaven. Indian myths, by William Elsey Connelley...illustrated by William Wallace Clarke. New York, Chicago [etc.] Rand McNally & company [c1928}, and is now in the public domain.

It was definitely the Sweet Gum. The young sapling branches. They grow to be very large and very old with prickly little balls on their branches. We used to wrap them in aluminum foil for decorations for the Christmas tree. The wood is almost impossible to use for burning. It won't bust since it's stringy. It burns good but won't bust. BTW My mom still uses the sweet gum tooth brush. Joyce Gaston Reece -----Original Message----- From: Blue Panther Sent: Monday, February 17, 2014 7:22 PM To: cherokee@rootsweb.com Subject: Re: [Cherokee Circle] A tree whose branches we used for teethcleaning I think it the sweet gum tree -----Original Message----- From: Fran West-Powe Sent: Monday, February 17, 2014 9:28 AM To: CHEROKEE@rootsweb.com Subject: [Cherokee Circle] A tree whose branches we used for teeth cleaning Writing my family history for my descendants, and cannot remember the name of the tree whose little branches we used to clean our teeth. We pulled back some bark and used it much as today a toothbrush is used. Anyone on this list who grew up in back country of S GA and N FL know what tree that might have been? 'Preciate the help. Fran Chinkapin ======*====== List archives http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message ======*====== List archives http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

Blue, that has familiar sound, so my gratitude. Thank you. Fran Chinquapin On Mon, Feb 17, 2014 at 7:22 PM, Blue Panther <Blue_Panther@otelco.net>wrote: > I think it the sweet gum tree > > -----Original Message----- > From: Fran West-Powe > Sent: Monday, February 17, 2014 9:28 AM > To: CHEROKEE@rootsweb.com > Subject: [Cherokee Circle] A tree whose branches we used for teeth cleaning > > Writing my family history for my descendants, and cannot remember the name > of the tree whose little branches we used to clean our teeth. We pulled > back some bark and used it much as today a toothbrush is used. > > Anyone on this list who grew up in back country of S GA and N FL know what > tree that might have been? > > 'Preciate the help. > > Fran > Chinkapin > ======*====== > List archives > http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the > quotes > in the subject and the body of the message > > ======*====== > List archives > http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to > CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the > quotes in the subject and the body of the message >

I think it the sweet gum tree -----Original Message----- From: Fran West-Powe Sent: Monday, February 17, 2014 9:28 AM To: CHEROKEE@rootsweb.com Subject: [Cherokee Circle] A tree whose branches we used for teeth cleaning Writing my family history for my descendants, and cannot remember the name of the tree whose little branches we used to clean our teeth. We pulled back some bark and used it much as today a toothbrush is used. Anyone on this list who grew up in back country of S GA and N FL know what tree that might have been? 'Preciate the help. Fran Chinkapin ======*====== List archives http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index?list=cherokee ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to CHEROKEE-request@rootsweb.com with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message

How The Deer Got Horns - Ojibwa When the World was first created…. (WA WASH KAESH)….. Deer did not have any horns….. His head was smooth, … Just like a doe….. But he was a great runner …. And could protect himself that way….. (WA BOOSE)… Rabbit was also a great runner and… Jumper, …. And they often played together …… The other animals wondered who …. was the fastest and …. who could actually run the longest….. They had a council meeting … And decided to hold a contest between …. WAWASH KAESH and WA BOOSE….. (AMIK)Beaver made a nice pair of antlers from the … Wood and it was decided to use this …. As the prize for the winner……. The day for the contest was decided… And the rules were laid down… The runners were to start together from…. one side of a thicket and go through it … Then turn and come back… The one who came out first.. Was to get the horns… The antlers were put down… on the ground … at the edge of the thicket to .. mark the starting point… WA BOOSE said.. "Wow, I could really use those horns to protect… myself Then he looked around and cried out… "I don't really think this is fair… I don't know this part of the country… So I want to take a look around in …. the bushes first … The rest of the animals thought that was O.K….. They let the WA BOOSE go into the thicket After a while he was gone….. So long they became worried ….. They figured he was up to ….. Some kind of trick ….. So they sent a scout out to search….. for him WA BOOSE was caught gnawing…… at the bushes and pulling them away until…. He had made a secret road,….. A trail that would be easier for…… him to run through…… WA BOOSE continued to work,…. Not realizing he was being watched…… And then the scout came back and reported….. To the council that …… WA BOOSE was making a secret path all….. The way through the ….. Thicket to the other….. Side….. They didn't like what they heard….. Finally …. WA BOOSE ane out and….. Said he was ready to start….. The other animals accuse him cheating….. But WA BOOSE pleaded that….. He'd just gotten lost….. The other animals agreed that such ….. A trickster should not enter the race at all…… And they awarded the antlers to …. WA WASH KAESH….. That is why today we say that….. WABOOSE is WA WASH KAESH little brother….. When ever you see a WABOOSE you can bet that WAWASH KAESH….. Is someplace close by. But…… Sometimes WA WASH KAESH runs so fast you can hardly see him in the thicket…… Cheating doesn't pay

Writing my family history for my descendants, and cannot remember the name of the tree whose little branches we used to clean our teeth. We pulled back some bark and used it much as today a toothbrush is used. Anyone on this list who grew up in back country of S GA and N FL know what tree that might have been? 'Preciate the help. Fran Chinkapin