English historical records of the 1200s are full of the names of murdered Carpenters (Charpenters) and Carpenters that murdered. Two important proclaimations were made that shed light on this; first, "Appointment of..........to hear the plaints of merchants of Flanders touching robberies,tolts and other injuries committed against them in the said realm and to take inquisitions and do justice thereon" (Patent Rolls, Nov. 16, 1265), and "Commission to.............appointing them to be wardens of the sea shore..........as many homicides have been commmited ..........and against merchants from beyond the seas" (Dec. 12, 1265). The names connected to these incidents are many. Here I will quote two, concerning two Williams. First, "Pardon at the insistance of Simon Passelewe, Kng's clerk, to Richer Son of Ernald de Hermingland for the death of William le Charpenter of Owelton" (Feb. 15, 1266) and second, "Pardon at the instance of William de Say, to Simon Not for the death of William le Charpenter" (May 4, 1266). Sincerely, Bruce Carpenter