Bruce, Interesting ideas and research! And I do think I'm seeing some humor coming through! As a Carpenter female I do not take your comments as a "lessening" of our importance in the family history (besides, we women know we are really the important ones... humor here!):) Although my Dad's siblings were all female, except he & his brother, it does appear that the Carpenter males are beginning to outnumber the females in my generation and the next. Hmmmmmm. Thanks for the insights. Even if we all don't always agree with you, as a scientist I recognize how much work goes into research such as you are doing. Thanks to everyone else on this list whose research, comments, and selfless gifts of time has increased my knowledge of my family and our history! Mary === Mary C. Carpenter Quaternary Studies Program "Where Death is Just the Beginning!" NAU Box 5644 Northern Arizona University Flagstaff, AZ 86011 Ph. (520) 523-1718 __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Bid and sell for free at http://auctions.yahoo.com