I SWANNY, Cousins, I reckon this is as much as we will be able to read BOUT DA <D. N. A. > BUT be Danged ifn I know any more Now than I did the First time that I stoodb where I now STAND ITS, no danged wonder we Have em bad days. This <D. N. A. > sounds Bout like Tye Ill Efects of some of the Medicine ADDS Shucks, With all of the Adverse Potentional I suppose we Do farrly well. Wonder how much one of these <D. N. A. > histories iz gonna $COST$? AND just look <SNP> aint no one SAID just what <SNP> Stands for Reckon<? SNP IS for <SNOPES NOT Partisapateing?? CUZ A T <[email protected]> In a message dated 6/21/2010 2:51:42 A.M. Eastern Daylight Time, [email protected] writes: during conception and pregnancy, as a child is created, it gets an alphabet soup of genes. some are for physical expression, some are for health issues, and some are for other things. all of these genes come from our ancestors. some come to us healthy and normal, some come to us with missing or additional data, which can either benefit us or create problems. in the process, everything gets jumbled. some genes get dropped, some get picked back up. on/off switches is another way to put it. genes get turned on and off. you can get 5 bad genes for a cancer, but if you get 5 good genes for protection against cancer, it can cancel the bad genes out. all depends on which genes, how strong they are, mindset and environmental issues. a constant balancing act. anyway, we all get SNP's. we get some of them from each parent. we carry all of our ancestors genes, but some are turned on, and some are turned off. there's no telling which ones you will get, it may be your father's father's mother's father's mother, or your mother's father's father's father. or any other ancestor. when you test your SNP's, other people who share the same SNP's in the same place(s) on one or more chromosomes with you. they are noted as your cousin, and in sharing genealogy with them eventually a common ancestor is discovered. as an example. my husband and I tested our SNP's at 23andme last August. we started out with around nearly 200 cousins each, maybe a little less. I now have 292 cousins at 23andme, my husband has 359 cousins at 23andme. we are each sharing with less than 100 cousins. we invited all of those cousins to share. some are adopted and we have no idea who the connecting ancestor might be. others we have no knowledge of the connecting ancestor because either we or they have not traced back far enough to find the connecting ancestor. then there are some tentative ones, where we aren't certain about colonial ancestors because we share genes with some (but is it the colonials we match with or another branch?) but not with others. then the semi-tentative-definitely have found the ancestor we connect to, but one of us has not traced back to that ancestor, as with my McDonalds of Port Morien, Nova Scotia, where my cousin has not found a record to tie her ancestress to her parents, whom I have found, or my husband's Moore line, where the Moores have been traced extensively but he is missing a generation or three before he ties in...or even possibly 7 generations as there are some early branches of the family that appear to have not yet been tracerd. and lastly, there are the absolute connections, where we can tell on both sides who the connecting ancestor is, like my husband's Cossarts, back in the very late 1600's. your connection may be as far back as my husband's Cossarts, as close as my McDonalds (late 1700's) or, possibly a closer ancestor, depending on how close your cousin is. we have mostly 4th and 5th cousins-as do most people of Northern European stock. I hope this answers your questions. I'm not a genetecist, I've just told you what I have come to understand along the way, learning as I go. Cornelia _______________________________________ Remember to search the archives use this address http://listsearches.rootsweb.com/?list=CAMPBELL Browse the archives at http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/index/CAMPBELL/ Contact the List Manager mailto:[email protected] ------------------------------- To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message