during conception and pregnancy, as a child is created, it gets an alphabet soup of genes. some are for physical expression, some are for health issues, and some are for other things. all of these genes come from our ancestors. some come to us healthy and normal, some come to us with missing or additional data, which can either benefit us or create problems. in the process, everything gets jumbled. some genes get dropped, some get picked back up. on/off switches is another way to put it. genes get turned on and off. you can get 5 bad genes for a cancer, but if you get 5 good genes for protection against cancer, it can cancel the bad genes out. all depends on which genes, how strong they are, mindset and environmental issues. a constant balancing act. anyway, we all get SNP's. we get some of them from each parent. we carry all of our ancestors genes, but some are turned on, and some are turned off. there's no telling which ones you will get, it may be your father's father's mother's father's mother, or your mother's father's father's father. or any other ancestor. when you test your SNP's, other people who share the same SNP's in the same place(s) on one or more chromosomes with you. they are noted as your cousin, and in sharing genealogy with them eventually a common ancestor is discovered. as an example. my husband and I tested our SNP's at 23andme last August. we started out with around nearly 200 cousins each, maybe a little less. I now have 292 cousins at 23andme, my husband has 359 cousins at 23andme. we are each sharing with less than 100 cousins. we invited all of those cousins to share. some are adopted and we have no idea who the connecting ancestor might be. others we have no knowledge of the connecting ancestor because either we or they have not traced back far enough to find the connecting ancestor. then there are some tentative ones, where we aren't certain about colonial ancestors because we share genes with some (but is it the colonials we match with or another branch?) but not with others. then the semi-tentative-definitely have found the ancestor we connect to, but one of us has not traced back to that ancestor, as with my McDonalds of Port Morien, Nova Scotia, where my cousin has not found a record to tie her ancestress to her parents, whom I have found, or my husband's Moore line, where the Moores have been traced extensively but he is missing a generation or three before he ties in...or even possibly 7 generations as there are some early branches of the family that appear to have not yet been tracerd. and lastly, there are the absolute connections, where we can tell on both sides who the connecting ancestor is, like my husband's Cossarts, back in the very late 1600's. your connection may be as far back as my husband's Cossarts, as close as my McDonalds (late 1700's) or, possibly a closer ancestor, depending on how close your cousin is. we have mostly 4th and 5th cousins-as do most people of Northern European stock. I hope this answers your questions. I'm not a genetecist, I've just told you what I have come to understand along the way, learning as I go. Cornelia

Ok... now this one makes more sense to me. The other one seemed to be saying that you didn't carry genes from all your ancestors and that only the characteristic genes that you pick up (the on switches) will come through on the test. Gotta go get ready for work. Thanks... will look through this more later. Have a blessed day! Di Breeder of AKC Pomeranians 1 Cross + 3 Nails = 4 Given > To: [email protected] > Date: Sun, 20 Jun 2010 23:51:11 -0700 > From: [email protected] > Subject: Re: [Campbell] SNPs > > > > during conception and pregnancy, as a child is created, it gets an > alphabet soup of genes. some are for physical expression, some are > for health issues, and some are for other things. all of these genes > come from our ancestors. some come to us healthy and normal, some > come to us with missing or additional data, which can either benefit > us or create problems. in the process, everything gets jumbled. some > genes get dropped, some get picked back up. on/off switches is > another way to put it. genes get turned on and off. you can get 5 bad > genes for a cancer, but if you get 5 good genes for protection against > cancer, it can cancel the bad genes out. all depends on which genes, > how strong they are, mindset and environmental issues. a constant > balancing act. > > anyway, we all get SNP's. we get some of them from each parent. we > carry all of our ancestors genes, but some are turned on, and some > are turned off. there's no telling which ones you will get, it may be > your father's father's mother's father's mother, or your mother's > father's father's father. or any other ancestor. > > when you test your SNP's, other people who share the same SNP's in > the same place(s) on one or more chromosomes with you. they are noted > as your cousin, and in sharing genealogy with them eventually a common > ancestor is discovered. > > as an example. my husband and I tested our SNP's at 23andme last > August. we started out with around nearly 200 cousins each, maybe a > little less. I now have 292 cousins at 23andme, my husband has 359 > cousins at 23andme. we are each sharing with less than 100 cousins. > we invited all of those cousins to share. some are adopted and we > have no idea who the connecting ancestor might be. others we have no > knowledge of the connecting ancestor because either we or they have > not traced back far enough to find the connecting ancestor. then > there are some tentative ones, where we aren't certain about colonial > ancestors because we share genes with some (but is it the colonials we > match with or another branch?) but not with others. then the > semi-tentative-definitely have found the ancestor we connect to, but > one of us has not traced back to that ancestor, as with my McDonalds > of Port Morien, Nova Scotia, where my cousin has not found a record > to tie her ancestress to her parents, whom I have found, or my > husband's Moore line, where the Moores have been traced extensively > but he is missing a generation or three before he ties in...or even > possibly 7 generations as there are some early branches of the family > that appear to have not yet been tracerd. and lastly, there are the > absolute connections, where we can tell on both sides who the > connecting ancestor is, like my husband's Cossarts, back in the very > late 1600's. > > your connection may be as far back as my husband's Cossarts, as > close as my McDonalds (late 1700's) or, possibly a closer ancestor, > depending on how close your cousin is. we have mostly 4th and 5th > cousins-as do most people of Northern European stock. > > I hope this answers your questions. I'm not a genetecist, I've just > told you what I have come to understand along the way, learning as I > go. > > Cornelia > _______________________________________ > > Remember to search the archives use this address > http://listsearches.rootsweb.com/?list=CAMPBELL > > Browse the archives at > http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/index/CAMPBELL/ > > Contact the List Manager > mailto:[email protected] > > > ------------------------------- > To unsubscribe from the list, please send an email to [email protected] with the word 'unsubscribe' without the quotes in the subject and the body of the message _________________________________________________________________ The New Busy think 9 to 5 is a cute idea. Combine multiple calendars with Hotmail. http://www.windowslive.com/campaign/thenewbusy?tile=multicalendar&ocid=PID28326::T:WLMTAGL:ON:WL:en-US:WM_HMP:042010_5