Dear David, The people you mentioned are all on my family tree, do you have an interest in them? BTW, Raphael RAPHAEL was born 24 Jun 1763 and married Julia ASHER (b. 25 Dec 1770) on 2 Jun 1790 in the New Synagogue, London. Their son Nathan was born in 1807 and died in Amsterdam in 1854. I have much more info on this family if you or anyone else is interested. Cheers, Babs O'Connor Australia Is Ralph Raphale the same as Raphael Raphael b. ca 1771 and married to Julia Ashen (with son Nathan Raphael b. ca 1806)?