Hi, Sheepers! Well, stoning was a way of execution in the Bible. And - the Romans did the crucifictions. And - drawn & quartered. Think that was done in Merry Ole England, as well. Maybe that was carried over from the Roman occupation of England. The Iron Maiden was a torture system but usually ended in death...and the Rack. I guess in the U.S.., people were really tarred and feathered, run outa town on a rail, but guess this was more of a warning than an execution. And - look back just a few years at the "execution" in Texas, wasn't it, of that Black man that was tied behind a pick-up truck and drug to his death. People can be very cruel. It is not a kindler, gentler world that we live in today - but was it ever? Shirley: bobert@i-1.net