In a message dated 9/14/0 2:11:24 PM, jthiesen@ipa.net wrote: <<I am new to the list and would like to find more about the meaning of the term BLACK DUTCH. My grandfather Harper was known to be Black Dutch. His grandmother Anny Littlefoot Looney was said to be Chickasaw from Eastern Tennessee. Could this be the reason for him being referred to as Black Dutch? Appreciate any insight. Chris >> Hi & Welcome to the list! Have you checked out our archives yet Chris? We have so much there for you to check out. Regarding Chickasaw & Eastern TN, yes this is a very good point to say this could be a reason why ...... Black Dutch has been connected time after time to the Five Civilized Tribes. Many whose ancestors come from the southern states have this term in common. Please feel free to post your thoughts & opinions here anytime. Here are a somethings to think on regarding the term Black Dutch: 1. FIVE CIVILIZED TRIBES (Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek & Seminole) 2. Slavery (Black & Indian) 3. Black Indians (Hidden Heritage) ? 4. Indian Re-location Act 5. Trail Of Tears 6. Indian Boarding Schools 7. Inter-Marriages? 8. Mixed Bloods 8. Persecution 9. Safety 10. Government 11. Racism blessings, Turtle/