In a message dated 10/11/00 9:22:51 AM Central Daylight Time, Tsalagi02@aol.com writes: << "It's useless to hold a person to anything he says while he's in love, drunk or running for office." --Shirley McLaine >> Now this one is a Clasic May your Waters Run Gentle, With Love Care And Concern, Alece, Little Hawk,

"It's useless to hold a person to anything he says while he's in love, drunk or running for office." --Shirley McLaine "Consistency is only a paste jewel that cheap men cherish." --William Allen White "Was it always my nature to take a bad time and block out the good times, until any success became an accident and failure seemed the only truth?" --Lillian Hellman

1. The Cherokee Trail of Tears - Article - Grandpa was an Indian Chief - St. Louis Post Dispatch, January 18, 1970 - by Mrs. Elizabeth Mulligan Accounts of the Cherokee http://rosecity.net/tears/trail/chief.html 2. Cherokee Removal Forts - The Trail of Tears Before the start of the Trail of Tears the Cherokee were forced to live in what were known at the time as Cherokee Removal Forts. http://www.ngeorgia.com/history/cherokeeforts.shtml 3. Navigator Trail of Tears Commemorative Ride Web Site lets you know when http://www.al-tn-trailoftears.org/navigator-webtv/index.html 4. The Trail of Tears Lawrence County Arkansas The Trail of Tears Lawrence County Arkansas The Trail of Tears Lawrence County Arkansas TRAIL OF TEARS the rise and fall of the Cherokee Nation Words from John Ehle, author Penland, North Carolina My editor, Marshall DeBruhl, and I grew up in Ashville, North... http://www.couchgenweb.com/lawrence/trail1.htm 5. The Cherokee Trail of Tears - 1838-1839 The Cherokee http://rosecity.net/tears 6. The Trail of Tears The Trail of The Trail of Tears Removal is a term usually applied to getting rid of a wart it is also the term used by the United States government, under President Andrew Jackson, for removing Indians from their native lands. http://www.letsfindout.com/subjects/america/tears.html 7. GORP - Trail of Tears A comprehensive guide to travel, tourism and recreation throughout Atlanta, Georgia including hiking, biking, paddling, climbing, nature, national parks and preserves and more! http://www.gorp.com/gorp/location/ga/trailoftears.htm 8. Trail of Tears State Park - Missouri Resources Article by Denise Dowling - Cape Girardeau County, Missouri Trail of Tears State Park Visitors Center Cape Girardeau County, Missouri Visitors Center The Interpretive Center is located in Trail of Tears State Park and houses a display that tells the story of the Cherokee Indians. A series of panels, which includes http://rosecity.net/tears/tears1.html 9. Chattanooga - Lookout Mtn. Pre-Civil War History Pre Civil War History of Chattanooga and Lookout Mtn. Tennessee - Native American Indians, Early Settlers, Trail of Tears, Indian Wars, and more http://chattanooga.virtualave.net 10. Links2Go: Cherokee Trail of Tears - 1838-1839, The Links and topics related to Cherokee Trail of Tears - 1838-1839, The. http://www2.links2go.com/more/rosecity.net/tears

Archives of Fannin County History of Fannin County, Georgia; including from Cherokee settlement, Trail of Tears, Confederacy, and present day. http://ngeorgia.com/county/fannin.html

Hi List, Check this out: Cherokee Removal Forts - Starting the Trail of Tears Before the start of the Trail of Tears the Cherokee were forced to live in what were known at the time as 'Cherokee Removal Forts'. http://www.ngeorgia.com/history/cherokeeforts.shtml blessings, Sali (Turtle)

Wa Do Alece for the update regarding our brother LEONARD PELTIER! FREE PELTIER!!!!!!!!!! Blessings, Sali (Turtle)

Dear Friends, Attorney Jennifer Harbury met with Congressman Hyde's aide last week. We believe they are backing off, but we will continue to keep a watchful eye on the situation (they said the Washington Times article "exaggerated"....who knows). Thank you for your quick and effective response, as usual. Let's focus all of our phone calls back to the White House Comment Line. We are quickly approaching the final stretch, and we must keep that line flooded! Call as often as possible. If you can only call once a week, please call on your region's designated days (info listed below). If you have time to make a second call, call your Congressional Representative or a state Senator who may be willing to endorse the clemency. If you need help figuring out who to target in your state, give us a call. THANK YOU! In Solidarity, The LPDC WHITE HOUSE COMMENTS LINE: 202-456-1111 CONGRESSIONAL SWITCHBOARD: 202-224-3121 REGIONS: northeast: Mondays, southeast: Tuesdays, mid-west and international: Wednesdays, northwest: Thursdays and the southwest: Fridays. Call the White House Comments Line Today Demand Justice for Leonard Peltier! 202-456-1111 Be in New York City December 10th Peltier March For Freedom! Leonard Peltier Defense Committee PO Box 583 Lawrence, KS 66044 785-842-5774 www.freepeltier.org To subscribe, send a blank message to < lpdc-on@mail-list.com > To unsubscribe, send a blank message to < lpdc-off@mail-list.com > To change your email address, send a message to < lpdc-change@mail-list.com > with your old address in the Subject line May your Waters Run Gentle, With Love Care And Concern, Alece, Little Hawk,

LOUISIANA, 1866 To view this map, go to: http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/reference/maps/freeimages.asp?ImageID=6 74

LEAVENWORTH, KANSAS DIRECTORY, 1890-93 Located on the banks of the Missouri River, the city of Leavenworth is the county seat of Leavenworth County. This database is a transcription of city directories originally published between 1890 and 1893. In addition to providing the residents' names, it provides their addresses and occupational information. The database includes more than 28,900 names, mostly heads of household. Source Information: Ancestry.com, "Leavenworth, Kansas Directory, 1890-93." [database online] Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000. Original Data: "Leavenworth, Kansas Directory, 1890." Leavenworth, KS: Edwin Green, 1890. "Leavenworth, Kansas Directory, 1891-92." Leavenworth, KS: Hoye Directory Co., 1892. "Leavenworth, Kansas Directory, 1892-93." Leavenworth, KS: Hoye Directory Co., 1893. To search this database, go to: http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/inddbs/5115.htm This database is also included in the 1890 Census Reconstruction Project and can be searched through its main page at: http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/census/1890sub/main.htm PEMBINA AND MANITOU, LISGAR DISTRICT, MANITOBA CENSUS, 1901 This database contains more than 3,200 entries of residents in the census subdistrict of Pembina (E) in the census district of Lisgar (#7) in 1901. It lists each person's full name, relationship to the head of the household, full date of birth, and birthplace, as well as the year of immigration to Canada (if not Canadian by birth). The database also includes the National Archives film number, division number, page, and family number to help researchers obtain a copy of the actual record, if desired. Source Information: Cropper, Ryan, comp., "Pembina and Manitou, Lisgar District, Manitoba, Canada Census, 1901." [database online] Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000-. Original Data: Government of Canada. "1901 Canada National Census." Canada: Canada National Archives, 1901. To search this database, go to: http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/inddbs/5096.htm DANVILLE, PITTSYLVANIA COUNTY, VIRGINIA BIRTHS, 1853-96 Settled in 1793 and incorporated in 1835, the city of Danville is situated within Pittsylvania County and located in southern Virginia. This database is collection of birth records from the city between 1855 and 1896. Providing valuable information regarding more than 5,400 individuals, the records were taken from existing county documents held by the state. Researchers will find each person's name, race, sex, birth date, and parents’ names. Source Information: Fridley, Beth, comp., "Danville City, Pittsylvania County, Virginia Births, 1853-96." [database online] Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000-. Original Data: "Danville and Pittsylvania County, Virginia Births." Library of Virginia. To search this database, go to: http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/inddbs/4791.htm SANTA FE NEW MEXICAN OBITUARIES, 1999 Source Information: Bell and Howell Information and Learning Company. "Santa Fe New Mexican Obituaries, 1999." [database online] Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000. Original Data: Electronic newspaper newsfeed service of the Bell and Howell Information and Learning Company. To search this database, go to: http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/inddbs/4407.htm

CAROLINAS AND VIRGINIA, 1663-1729 To view this map, go to: http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/reference/maps/freeimages.asp?ImageID=2 59

HOLBROOK, MASSACHUSETTS DIRECTORY, 1890 Located in eastern Massachusetts, the city of Holbrook forms part of Norfolk County. This database is a transcription of a city directory originally published in 1890. In addition to providing the residents' names, it provides their addresses and occupational information. The database includes more than 800 names, mostly heads of household. Source Information: Ancestry.com, "Holbrook, Massachusetts Directory, 1890." [database online] Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000. Original Data: "Holbrook, Massachusetts Directory, 1890." Holbrook, MA: 1890. To search this database, go to: http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/inddbs/5121.htm This database is also included in the 1890 Census Reconstruction Project and can be searched through its main page at: http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/census/1890sub/main.htm ASSINIBOIA, LISGAR DISTRICT, MANITOBA CENSUS, 1891 This database contains more than 1,200 entries. Each entry has the full name, age, birthplace, religion, and occupation of each resident in the census subdistrict of Assiniboia (A) in the census district of Lisgar (#6) in 1891. The database also includes the National Archives film number, division number, page number, entry number, and family number to help researchers obtain a copy of the original record, if desired. Source Information: Hewitt, Kris, comp., "Assiniboia, Lisgar District, Ontario, Canada Census, 1891." [database online] Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000-. Original Data: Government of Canada. "Canada 1891 Census." Canada, National Archives: Government of Canada, 1891. To search this database, go to: http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/inddbs/5097.htm GRANTSVILLE, TOOELE COUNTY, UTAH CEMETERY, 1846-1999 Compiled as an Eagle Scout project for Lucas Halladay, the information in this database was taken from both the Grantsville Cemetery and the Grantsville city records on the cemetery. Entries include names, birth and death dates and places, parents, spouse, and veteran status from headstones and city records for those buried in the Grantsville Cemetery from the early 1800s to the present. Source Information: Halladay, Lucas, comp., "Grantsville, Tooele County, UT, Cemetery Records, Grantsville Cemetery." [database online] Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000-. Original Data: Lucas Halladay created this database through visiting the Grantsville Cemetery. Cemetery information was cross-referenced with records at the Grantsville City records office. To search this database, go to: http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/inddbs/5098.htm BELFAST NEWS LETTER (NORTHERN IRELAND) OBITUARIES, 1999 Source Information: Bell and Howell Information and Learning Company. "Belfast News Letter (Northern Ireland) Obituaries, 1999." [database online] Provo, UT: Ancestry.com, 2000. Original Data: Electronic newspaper newsfeed service of the Bell and Howell Information and Learning Company. To search this database, go to: http://www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/inddbs/4410.htm

Hi List, I feel like a big nit wit k. I am so tired from the kids being sick that I copy/pasted the website addy + the prior info I was reading up on to the internet connection and that is why it came up like that with the "Forbidden" message and then the information I was reading came up right below that.....forgive my mistake. Sorry to have wasted posting space like that.... blessings, Sali (Turtle)

A paragraph from website: http://www.peaknet.net/~aardvark/thetrail.html Those of us who evaded the rolls were accepted by neither the whites nor the "papered" Indians. Still others claimed to be "Black Dutch," Spanish, Creole, or Black. (My own granfather later lied to the census taker, saying he was one sixty-fourth. At that degree, he could still live and own land on the reservation. He was "enrolled" at that number. Granny claimed to be Black Dutch). Many others fled to Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas, and Louisiana, even into the swamps of the Okeefenokee.

Okay this is weird, I got access now......strange, but so. I put this in as I thought before and now was able to view the site "The Trail of Tears" http://www.peaknet.net/~aardvark/thetrail.html Good Luck~ blessings, Sali (Turtle)

Hey List, I got this message when trying to access the site I posted earlier "The Trail" this is the website that went along with that: http://www.peaknet.net/~aardvark/thetrail.html & this is the message I got upon trying to accessing it: Forbidden You don't have permission to access /~aardvark/thetrail.html North America, indigenous peoples This article deals with the peoples who inhabited North America before the arrival of the Europeans. Now often called Native Americans, they have long been called Indians because it was initially believed that COLUMBUS had reached the East Indies. Migrating in waves from Asia (see AMERICAS, PREHISTORY OF THE), these peoples spoke widely varying NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGES, but all had straight black hair, dark eyes, and ye on this server. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Stronghold/2.4.1 Apache/1.3.3 C2NetEU/2409 Server at www.peaknet.net Port 80

SOURCE: ENCYCLOPEDIA North America, indigenous peoples This article deals with the peoples who inhabited North America before the arrival of the Europeans. Now often called Native Americans, they have long been called Indians because it was initially believed that COLUMBUS had reached the East Indies. Migrating in waves from Asia (see AMERICAS, PREHISTORY OF THE), these peoples spoke widely varying NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGES, but all had straight black hair, dark eyes, and yellow- to red-brown skin. In 1492 they numbered 1 to 2 million N of Mexico, in six major cultural areas: Northwest Coast, Plains, Plateau, Eastern Woodlands, Northern, and Southwest.

Hi List, Did a search engine search for "Black Dutch Culture" & these were the results: Cyndi's List - U.S. - Virginia More than 76,850 links! 64,550 links, categorized & cross-referenced, in over 120 categories. Another 12,250+ uncategorized new links in the works. http://www.cyndislist.com/va.htm Cyndi's List - Topical Category Index More than 76,850 links! 64,550 links, categorized & cross-referenced, in over 120 categories. Another 12,250+ uncategorized new links in the works. http://www.cyndislist.com/topical.htm Cyndi's List - U.S. - Alabama More than 76,850 links! 64,550 links, categorized & cross-referenced, in over 120 categories. Another 12,250+ uncategorized new links in the works. http://www.cyndislist.com/al.htm Cyndi's List - U.S. - Tennessee More than 76,850 links! 64,550 links, categorized & cross-referenced, in over 120 categories. Another 12,250+ uncategorized new links in the works. http://www.cyndislist.com/tn.htm Cyndi's List - Alphabetical Category Index More than 76,850 links! 64,550 links, categorized & cross-referenced, in over 120 categories. Another 12,250+ uncategorized new links in the works. http://www.cyndislist.com/alpha.htm Yahoo! Society and Culture > Cultures and Groups > Gangs Yahoo! Society and Culture Cultures and Groups Gangs Help Check Email Yahoo! Messenger online friends, instant messaging, voice chat Home Society and Culture Cultures and Groups Gangs Add to My Yahoo! http://dir.yahoo.com/Society_and_Culture/Cultures_and_G... Africa South of the Sahara - Culture and Society An annotated guide to internet resources on African culture and society. http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/culture.h... Show me more like this Gypsy and Traveler Groups in North America Adapted from the introduction to "Gypsies and Travelers in North America: An Annotated Bibliography." http://www.gypsyloresociety.org/gandtdefs.htm Show me more like this

Clovis culture early North American people (c.10,000-9000 B.C.) known through artifacts first unearthed in the early 1930s near Clovis, N.Mex. Their chipped flint points (Clovis points) and other stone tools were found with remains of large mammals, e.g., extinct mammoths. Clovis groups are the earliest definitively dated human populations in the Americas.

The views expressed here aren't necessarily the views agreed upon by the listmember who has posted it, this is just information found in the encyclopedia. Americas, prehistory It is generally agreed that the first people to inhabit the Americas crossed the BERING STRAIT from NE Asia in migration waves perhaps beginning before 30,000 B.C. The earliest evidence of human occupation in North America has been dated at c.19,000 B.C. and in South America at c.30,000 B.C., but there have been questions about the dating of these f inds. The CLOVIS CULTURE of North America definitively dates from c.10,000 B.C., and by 8000 B.C. it is clear that peoples had spread throughout the Americas. Between 5000 B.C. and 1000 B.C., agriculture, pottery, and complex social systems throughout the Americas marked the end of the STONE AGE and the rise of the high civilizations. See MIDDLE AMERICA, INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF; NORTH AMERICA, INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF; SOUTH AMERICA, INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF; and articles on individual peoples.

Source: Encyclopedia Senegal (History) Senegal (History)In the middle of the 1st millennium A.D. the region was settled by migrating Wolof and Serer peoples, followed (9th cent.) by the Tukolor, whose state of Tekrur dominated the Senegal R. valley until the 14th cent. The Portuguese arrived (1444-45) and established trading stations; they were displaced by the Dutch and French in the 17th cent. French influence was extended into the interior after 1697, but control of bases in Senegal alternated between France and Britain from the SEVEN YEARS WAR (1756-63) until 1815, when they were finally returned to France. Senegal became a French colony in 1895, remaining part of FRENCH WEST AFRICA until it was made an autonomous republic within the FRENCH COMMUNITY in 1958. Full independence was achieved in 1960, with Léopold SENGHOR as president. By the mid-1960s Senghor had consolidated his power by removing Prime Minister Mamadou Dia and creating a one-party state. A period of civil unrest followed, marked by demonstrations, strikes, and a worsening economic situation resulting from the drought in the Sahel region. In 1978 Senegal again held multiparty elections, which were won by Senghor's Senegalese Socialist party. After his retirement (1980), Senghor was succeeded (1981) as president by Prime Min. Abdou Diouf, who was reelected in 1988 and 1993 amid allegations of fraud. Since the early 1980s there has been sporadic fighting with separatists in the southern province of Casamance, which is largely separated from Senegal by Gambia. In 1981 Senegal joined GAMBIA in a confederation known as Senegambia, but Senegal ended (1989) the association when Gambia refused to move toward closer union. The nation's relations with neighboring Mauritania deteriorated during the late 1980s over the treatment the citizens of each received in the other country; tensions were aggravated by Senegalese opposition to Mauritania's oppression of its black minority.