US Battles Fought by Native Americans http://www.genexchange.org/native.cfm Native-American-Rooters mailing list http://www.genexchange.org/maillistform.cfm?cat=misc Black Hawk War http://www.genexchange.org/historyreg2.cfm?state=IL&ID=1366 Constitution And By-Laws Of The Seminole Tribe Of Florida http://www.genexchange.org/historyreg.cfm?state=FL Leathers Cherokee Connection http://www.fortunecity.com/millenium/savannah/221/ The Cherokee National Historical Society http://www.powersource.com/heritage/ Lenni Lenape Historical Society and Museum of Indian Culture http://www.lenape.org/ American Indian Studies http://www.csulb.edu/~aisstudy/ Joanne Abby - National Coordinator GenExchange - http://www.genexchange.org USGenExchange - http://www.genexchange.org/us.cfm _________________________________________________ Help keep genealogy free... volunteer at the GenExchange Bright Star

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Black Indian Genealogy Research African-American Ancestors Among the Five Civilized Tribes by Angela Y. Walton-Raji The historical relationship between Native Americans and African-Americans has been called, "one of the longest unwritten chapters in the history of the United States." Unlike the commonly held perception that slavery in America consisted only of white people owning black people, the reality was much more complex. There were many whites who were enslaved or indentured, many blacks who were free, and many Indians who owned African Slaves. Not all White-Indian relations were hostile and a number of tribes, in particular the Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choctaws, Creeks, and the Seminoles, or the "Five Civilized Tribes" as they became known, adopted European ways, including agriculture and black slaves to work their new farms. In 1907, the Indian Territory became the State of Oklahoma. To qualify for the payments and land allotments set aside for the Five Civilized Tribes, the former slaves of these nations had to apply for official enrollment, thus producing testimonies of immense value to today's genealogists. The book shows where to find and how to use the Indian Freedman Records, discusses Black Indians and Tri-Racial groups from the Upper South, and has added two lists of family names: Freedman Surnames from the Final Rolls of the Five Civilized Tribes, and Surnames of Tri-Racial families of the South. Copyright 1993, 180 pages, illustrated, bibliography, index, paperback. $18.50 plus $4.00 postage and handling. Order Number - W047. Heritage Books Inc. 1540-E Pointer Ridge Pl. Bowie, MD 20716 Telephones open: Monday-Friday 9am - 4pm e.s.t. Closed all Postal holidays, Saturday & Sunday 1-800-398-7709 or 1-301-390-7709 FAX: 1-301-390-7153 or 1-800-276-1760 (You may Fax your order 24 hrs a day) Visa or Mastercard accepted ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Please send comments or questions to: LWF PUBLICATIONS P.O. Box 26148 Trotwood, Ohio 45426-0148 E-mail: [email protected]

Come visit BLACK DUTCH AMERICA website to read the latest family news! The following items that were added on Wednesday, July 12: -- NEWS -- ---------------------------------------- RE: New Picture was added by Patricia Hernandez. ---------------------------------------- -- PICTURES -- ---------------------------------------- RE: Alece's Grand Father Joseph E Quails was added by Alece Little Hawk. ---------------------------------------- RE: Lady in White was added by Alece Little Hawk. ---------------------------------------- RE: Jennifer C. and Alaina was added by Patricia Hernandez. ---------------------------------------- RE: Jennifer C. and Alaina was added by Alece Little Hawk. ---------------------------------------- RE: Little Hawks GreatGrandmother was added by Alece Little Hawk. ----------------------------------------

From: EYEMAPAIN Date: Wed, 12 Jul 2000 20:33:36 EDT Subject: Peliter resolution FYI: This is another resolution that passed the CDP board on Sunday --- Resolution Executive Clemency for Leonard Peltier Whereas: Leonard Peltier was originally convicted for murder of two FBI agents on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, but formerly withheld documents supporting Peltier's innocence later forced the prosecution to admit that they could not prove who actually killed the agents, and despite this lack of evidence, Peltier has remained in prison for 24 years, and Whereas: There is disturbing evidence of FBI misconduct in this case, that falsified affidavits were used to extradite Peltier from Canada, that ballistics tests were falsified and young witnesses were intimidated, that even the U.S. Attorney has admitted no one knows who pulled the trigger that killed the two FBI agents, and Whereas: Peltier, a Native American activist, has been a model prisoner for over 24 years, with no record of violence and has contributed to many humanitarian efforts from prison, and that the seriousness of his deteriorating health could result in stroke, heart disease and kidney failure if not properly treated soon, and that his Parole Board recently denied his request for parole and his next hearing is not scheduled till the year 2008, Therefore be it Resolved. That the California State Democratic Party encourages President, William Jefferson Clinton to grant Leonard Peltier Executive Clemency as soon as possible. Adapted this 26 Day of May in the year 2000. Submitted by the Progressive Democrats of Marin Note: Victor, this resolution was brought to the resolution committee of the state party at our executive board this last weekend. The resolution was discussed and passed out of committee with a recommendation for passage. The Resolution was presented as part of the consent calendar on the floor Sunday, July 9,2000. And received affirmative support. Placido Salazar from the Progressive Democrats of Marin (club) entered the resolution. Raven

From: "Victor Rocha" <[email protected]> Subject: BIA's proposed rule on Certificates of Degree of Indian Blood Date: Wed, 12 Jul 2000 16:49:36 -0700 Alert! BIA's proposed rule on Certificates of Degree of Indian Blood The Bureau of Indian Affairs recently published in the Federal Register a proposed rule that establishes the documentation requirements and standards for filing, processing, and issuing a Certificate of Degree of Indian Blood ("CDIB"). See 65 FR 20775-20787 (April 18, 2000). The proposed rule sets forth the policies and standards that will allow the Bureau to issue, amend, or invalidate CDIBs. The deadline for comments on the proposed rule is July 17, 2000. We are concerned that the Bureau has not scheduled a consultation session on the proposed rule in California where it may, in fact, have its greatest impact. This appears to be a consistent pattern on the Bureau's behalf. California tribes are continually placed in the position of either going out of state to comment on proposed Bureau rules, or demanding that a separate consultation be conducted within California. CILS urges all California Tribal Leaders to address this issue immediately. We have provided our clients with a sample letter to the Bureau requesting that it conduct a separate consultation session in California. Please send the letter as soon as possible. If you have not received a copy of that letter and would like to receive one, please call (800) 829-0284, Ext. 312, and leave your name and mailing address or fax number. If you need further information on the proposed rule or assistance in preparing comments, please contact your local CILS office. Preliminary Analysis of Proposed Rule Based on our initial review of the proposed rule, it appears that the Bureau intends to use this rule as a means of limiting access to federal Indian programs and services to only those Indians who possess the blood of federally recognized tribes where some degree of Indian blood is either a stated or implied requirement of program eligibility. Our initial concern is that adoption of such a rule could result in many California Indians being treated as non-Indians for federal purposes and is an indirect way of restricting eligibility for federal Indian programs and services and therefore the Bureau's Indian service population in California. We intend to conduct a more searching analysis of the proposed rule and its implications for California Indians and tribes and to submit comprehensive comments in response to the proposed rule. In the meantime, the following is a brief summary of our initial thoughts about the major issues raised by the proposed rule. The Bureau appears to be using the proposed rule as a means to unilaterally "amend" both federal statutory and regulatory provisions without congressional oversight or formal rulemaking with respect to specific programs and services. The eligibility requirements for a number of federal Indian programs are based on statutes or regulations that include a stated degree of Indian blood (e.g., 25 CFR §40.1 - Higher Education Grants, which has a one-quarter Indian blood quantum requirement; Section 19 of the Indian Reorganization Act ("IRA"), 25 U.S.C. § 479 - "persons of one-half or more Indian blood") or imply that some degree of Indian blood is required (e.g., the Snyder Act, 25 U.S.C. §13 - "Indians throughout the United States"; 25 U.S.C. §334 - Allotment of public domain land to "any Indian not residing upon a reservation"). In the past, the Bureau's calculation of Indian blood for purposes of Snyder Act programs, the IRA, the Allotment Act and other purposes, was based on blood derived from both federally recognized and non-federally recognized tribes. The proposed rule, which authorizes the Bureau to "issue, amend, or invalidate" CDIBs, would allow the Bureau to recalculate Indian blood degree based solely on the blood of federally recognized tribes and effectively determine that individuals who were Indians yesterday are no longer considered Indians for federal purposes. The Bureau's recalculation of the blood quantum of members of federally recognized tribes could raise questions about the eligibility of such persons for tribal membership if the recalculated blood quantum falls below the minimum tribal blood quantum requirement. A number of California Indian tribes rely on the Bureau's calculation of Indian blood degree in determining eligibility for tribal membership. In some cases, the Indian blood degree requirement for tribal membership (whether it be in a tribal constitution or ordinance) may not specify whether the blood must be that of a federally recognized tribe). As mentioned above, the Bureau's Indian blood quantum calculation underlying such determinations of membership may well include Indian blood derived from both federally recognized and non-federally recognized tribes. The likelihood of this is probably higher in California than elsewhere because of the large number of non-federally recognized tribes (both terminated and unacknowledged tribes) in California. If the proposed rule is adopted, the Bureau's recalculation of Indian blood quantum could raise questions about the eligibility of such individuals for tribal membership if the recalculated blood quantum falls below the minimum tribal blood quantum requirement. Although the Bureau's calculation would not be binding on the tribe in determining tribal membership, it could jeopardize the membership status of such individuals and their lineal descendants. The proposed rule attempts to restrict the scope of the United States' trust obligations ...[Message truncated] http://www.delphi.com/n/mb/message.asp?webtag=IndianLaw&msg=398.5 Victor Rocha California Indian Gaming News Los Angeles, California www.pechanga.net

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