Hi Dale and Fellow Listers I just had another thought about Grandma Dunn. It is possible her biological mother died when she was very young so her father felt he had to provide for her care. It is fairly unusual for the time for a man to take responsibility for his indiscretions unless he was still in a relationship with the mother....but who knows. I think the only way to absolutely solve this will be using DNA but I don't know if this can identify ethnicity. Certainly there is some project available where people are using DNA to prove family linkages for family history purposes. Lynne