When the US Gov't signed the "Dancing Rabbit Creek Treaty" with the Coctaws in the early 1830s (I think--could be 1820s late) in Mississippi (or maybe it was Alabama, I'm not going to look it up tonight) the USG gave warrants or certificates to individual members of the Choctaw who didn't want to go with the tribe to OK, which were redeemable with US G land anywhere. These land warrants were fungible, ie they could be sold and anyone could redeem them. So white people bought these certificates and used them to redeem Gov't land that they were buying in Searcy County and elsewhere. I would note that there were middlemen who bought the certificates from the Choctaw and sold them on. Maybe the Choctaw Certificates were sold several times before they were actually redeemed. With land selling at a dollar or a dollar and a quarter, if one could get a 160 acre certificate for $75, he could do well and save some money. (I have no idea how much Choctaw Certificates were selling for.) JJJ