Hi Shawn, and Cousins on the List: There were several Indian tribes around the Philadelphia area -- the Delaware Indians were the largest faction. There was really tough bunch called the Susquehannas who really impressed Captain John Smith, the first explorer of the northern Chesapeake in 1607. Up further north in Pennsylvania and New York were the Iroquoian tribes. The Delawares were not warrior Indians. They were friendly with other tribes and with the new immigrants into Pennsylvania. William Penn treated them fairly, bargained with them for land, and the Quakers continued to live peaceably among them. When other Europeans began spreading outward from Philadelphia their migrations and new settlements threatened the Indians and their life styles. The Delawares just kept moving, but utlimately the Indians all up and down the Appalachians became engaged in battling the white western encroachments. This flared into the French and Indian Wars in the mid-century 1700's. South, in Virginia, the Carolinas and Georgia, the Cherokees were also of Iroquoian origin, although they lived in areas where there were also Creeks, Shawnees, Catawbas, Choctaws, and Chickasaws. The Cherokees fought at first, but British-American retaliation against them was severe, wiping out villages and food supplies. After the French and Indian War ended, hostilities with the tribes continued on throughout the Revolutionary War, and into the 1790's but the Cherokees were convinced their survival depended on doing what the British and then, the Americans, wanted. When Southern lands became tempting for white American settlement, even though the Cherokees had become fairly model citizens, intermarrying with whites and emulating white customs, they were forced to go to Indian Territory which then included parts of western Missouri, southeastern Kansas, and all of Oklahoma. None of the tribespeople were officially allowed to remain, but some successfully hid in the mountains and through skirting around some of the land ownership laws, were able to obtain small patches of property in western North Carolina. Descendants of these people comprise the Eastern Cherokees, while descendants of the remainder who survived the Trail of Tears comprise the Oklahoma-centered Cherokees. Remnants of southern tribespeople also went into Florida and became the Seminoles, who never did surrender. I haven't studied the northern tribes so much. I am pretty interested in the Wyoming Massacre which happened in the late 1760's, but haven't pursued it too much yet. These are endlessly fascinating historical subjects, and are the basis of the history of all frontier settlements, which we are examining genealogically now on the website. I wish I could get pages up faster! What reservation are you near? Love, Your Cousin, Carolyn Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@teleport.com ========================================= --- Visit American Crossroads --- http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads

Dear Cousins, Happy Valentine's Day! I made a special valentine for our Cousin Ric, and thought it was so wonderful I would share it with all my Cousins. You can see it at http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/Cards/index.html To show my love in another way, I've been working on getting census listings up and accessible. The new Census index page is at http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/Census/index.html and the census links that are working are for Montgomery Co., NC 1810; Randolph 1790; and Surry 1790. Still not loaded are the Ashe, Rowan, Wilkes, Orange and Oglethorpe Co., GA census listings. I should have the Locality Summary Index up sometime today. The Anson County locality Summary is up at http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/Locsum/anson.html For some reason I had some trouble with getting the Spartanburg Co., SC 1790 image to load correctly, and if any of you had difficulty viewing it, please try again. When you go back to a page that isn't loading properly, hit refresh or reload to see if it corrects it. You can access this from the Census Index page. Along with the Locality Summary Index later today I hope to have the Data, Bios, Name Summary, Individual Name Summaries and Kinship Indexes up. But it is unlikely I will have more than the Indexes up today, and probably without the links working yet or for awhile. But I will announce them. I don't mind you telling me that you found a link that didn't work -- I appreciate it. I have been having trouble following through on some of these things due to some health problems that seem to plague me, so sometimes I forget to go back and get things loaded that I've said would be up. I don't consider your comments as nags, but as good reminders, which I definitely need! Happy Valentine's Day and much love to all of you. Love, Kinship, Peace, Your Cousin, Carolyn Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@teleport.com ========================================= --- Visit American Crossroads --- http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads

Carolyn you are so right, i got a bit too quit on the draw, so used to seeing pc, we are of the same mind and probably came to these conclusions doing genealogy. Thanks for all you are putting up for us. I know it is a lot of work. In my lines Quakers played a part in Goochland, Henrico, mine didn't stay with them like you said. STANLEY is prob. my ???? gggggm as one of the ALVIS ladies was listed at the wedding of McGehee, i think. goes to show you can find bits in Quaker records that will place your ancestor for you. forgive if this is a bit disjointed as my 2nd harddrive disappeared yesterday with all my gen records and windows doesn't know it is there. i had a stuck key on my keyboard, an error came up on startup, i decided to go into set up, F1, I kept trying to get the kegs to work and hit default settings, of course the keyboard worked then..... i flew down to office depot and got a $15 logitech installed but windows will only read the original dirve that came with the puter 4 years ago. ah well, we'll worry about that tomorrow. cheers, cousin, josie At 12:12 AM 2/11/01 -0800, you wrote: >Dear Cousin Josie, and Cousins on the List: > Josie, you are always interesting! Sorry to have taken >so long to respond. Thank you for your lively >comments. I did refer to Whites being treated fairly, too! > >We do not want to judge Whites, African Americans, or > >Native Americans (or any other ethnic group) by current cultural >standards. > >But most of all we do not want to repeat errors, misinformation, and >genealogical > >and historical sloppiness to perpetrate cruel, inaccurate stereotypes > >of any ethnic group. Native - White Settler relationships on the > >frontiers were extremely complicated, and need to be addressed in > >historically ethical and objective ways. > >I have given up bashing just about everything and everybody, except >with those dumb blond jokes! If I did that, then I probably wouldn't >have a thing in the world to look forward to. Also, I'd probably be >perfect then, and nobody would be able to stand me at all! > >Now to get back to reality -- Indians got it both ways in all the >Wars. They sided with the British in the Revolutionary War, and with >Andrew Jackson in the War of 1812, and essentially with the South in >the Civil War. In the War of 1812 Jackson thereupon turned against >the Indians and marched them along the Trail of Tears despite a >Supreme Court Ruling against it. Fifteen thousand Cherokees had >signed a petition protesting their removal, along with Principal >Chief John Ross, which was presented to Congress. Estimates have >previously been about 4,000 Cherokees dead on the Trail of Tears >1838-9 (John Ross' wife Quatie was one) but it is likely that that >number is at least 4,000 too low. Only about 1000 Cherokees were able >to remain in North Carolina, and almost none in Georgia. These >details are very important as we move down the Appalacians into the >south. Cherokees originally occupied territory in western Virginia, >all the way to northern Georgia. > >Love, Your Cousin, Carolyn >Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@teleport.com >========================================= >--- Visit American Crossroads --- >http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads > > > > >============================== >Add as many as 10 Good Years To Your Life >If you know how to reduce these risks. >http://www.thirdage.com/health/wecare/hearthealth/index.html ___________________________________________________________________ josiebass@zxmail.com 216 Beach Park Lane Cape Canaveral, FL 32920-5003 Home of the *HARRISON* Repository http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~harrisonrep/ My Southern Family WWW: http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~mysouthernfamily/ LINDSAY & HARRISON Surnames & CSA-HISTORY Roots Mail List GENCONNECT: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/indx/FamAssoc.html Data Managed by beautiful daughter Becky Bass Bonner and me, Josephine Lindsay Bass

Dear Cousins, Okay, really, here is the Spartansburg page URL: http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/Spartan/1790cen.html Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@teleport.com ========================================= --- Visit American Crossroads ---

Dear Cousins, When I first started getting American Crossroads together, said to Cousin Michael that I thought the Quakers were the key to finding our roots. Although most of our families are far beyond those Quaker roots and traditions, the Quakers remain the key because they were at the heart of the kinship and community. Even the families who were not Quakers in the 1700's still had invisible ties to the Quaker localities and families through that kinship. The Quakers were at the forefront of migrations south, so if you have Appalachian or Southern backcountry ancestry you will benefit by looking at the Quaker information I've been putting up today. Tying it together is another thing entirely! The reason is that many Quakers left the south due to their opposition to slavery. Because of that firm stand, and other inflexible attitudes toward marriage out of unity, many people were either disowned or left their association with the Friends. A new page for study of the Spartanburg SC 1790 census has been uploaded. http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads I utilized ancestry.com's census images, and compared them with the indexed listings for that census. The results were amazing. I believe I found four or five "missing" Penningtons. The reason is that the census has been transcribed so very many times. Sometimes the original census was a transcription as the enumerators tried to alphabetize the census. Those census listings which were unaffected by this kind of indexing are better in another way in that they reveal the sequence of visits as the enumerator encountered the people to list them. This lets us know who lived near who. The alphabetized lists had to be transcribed from an original so spelling got messed up and names mixed up. Data undoubtedly was mixed up as well. Spartanburg was apparently not alphabetized, so this makes it valuable if we can determine from the mangled spelling who is really who. I have only worked on the Pennington surname with these images. I hope others will undertake to make the same comparisons with other surnames in our Perimeters. I am also analyzing the SW North Carolina 1790 census images for Rowan, Ashe, Guilford, Anson, Randolph and Montgomery counties. Some of these are loaded, and I will give you the locations as soon as I weed through them. I loaded the Quakers and Meetings page for Guilford county: http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/NWSWquak/index.html At the end of this page is a summary of just a few of the surnames that I've been working on. Their names are all linked to both the Philadelphia Perimeter and these Southern localities. As we move forward these links will become increasing clear, and if you start following these same kinds of leads you will find your families. Please let me know about any connected surnames you're interested in and we will include them in future pages, or add them to ones already up. Love, Your Cousin, Carolyn Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@teleport.com --- Visit American Crossroads --- http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@teleport.com ========================================= To send a message to the American Crossroads List: AMXROADS-L@rootsweb.com --- Visit American Crossroads --- http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads

Dear Cousin Josie, and Cousins on the List: Josie, you are always interesting! Sorry to have taken so long to respond. Thank you for your lively comments. I did refer to Whites being treated fairly, too! >We do not want to judge Whites, African Americans, or >Native Americans (or any other ethnic group) by current cultural standards. >But most of all we do not want to repeat errors, misinformation, and genealogical >and historical sloppiness to perpetrate cruel, inaccurate stereotypes >of any ethnic group. Native - White Settler relationships on the >frontiers were extremely complicated, and need to be addressed in >historically ethical and objective ways. I have given up bashing just about everything and everybody, except with those dumb blond jokes! If I did that, then I probably wouldn't have a thing in the world to look forward to. Also, I'd probably be perfect then, and nobody would be able to stand me at all! Now to get back to reality -- Indians got it both ways in all the Wars. They sided with the British in the Revolutionary War, and with Andrew Jackson in the War of 1812, and essentially with the South in the Civil War. In the War of 1812 Jackson thereupon turned against the Indians and marched them along the Trail of Tears despite a Supreme Court Ruling against it. Fifteen thousand Cherokees had signed a petition protesting their removal, along with Principal Chief John Ross, which was presented to Congress. Estimates have previously been about 4,000 Cherokees dead on the Trail of Tears 1838-9 (John Ross' wife Quatie was one) but it is likely that that number is at least 4,000 too low. Only about 1000 Cherokees were able to remain in North Carolina, and almost none in Georgia. These details are very important as we move down the Appalacians into the south. Cherokees originally occupied territory in western Virginia, all the way to northern Georgia. Love, Your Cousin, Carolyn Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@teleport.com ========================================= --- Visit American Crossroads --- http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads

Happy Valentine's Day Dear Friends, Cousins, Loved Ones! http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/Valentine/2002.html Much Love Today, and All Days, Always! Carolyn Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@centurytel.net =========================================

Dear Cousin, i agree with everything you said, I do wish tho that WHITE bashing could be considered in your rant and when you say ethnic groups I think you lieft out European WHITE i feel you should add WHITE as well to your repertoire & litany of cultures and races you are defending. as a victim of Anti Southern Bigotry I am well aware of much on the internet that is untrue about us, and these unfair tales are embellished distorting the truth to mis-educate for proprogandi and political advantage. thanks for reading my suggestion. While not all was lite & kissses some of my Indian cousins went from Alabama to 1800s Feliciana Parish, Louisiana-Wilkinson co. Mississippi and on to Texas and finally rejoined the tribe at Evin Springs, Indian Territory of Oklahoma (Dawes Rolls), and some of their descendants are buried in Lindsay, Gavin Co. OK. The family they married into in Louisiana migrated and descended from old 1700s European South Carolina family. Sam Houston left his position as Governor of TN, had an Indian wife, previously he had tried to start his own country, first in North Alabama, later in Texas for the Indians he had befriended. He also had a start up for them in Arkansas. As the land wore out from single crop cultivation, and the population could not support the number of people, families split up and pioneered new lands, this kept pushing the Indians further and further West. The settlement of Kentucky was one of the worst blows they had, this was their "Happy Hunting Ground" and no Indians lived there all the time, they kept it as a place where they knew there would be food for them and their families. The migration to Kentucky began around 1780-90, the Trail of Tears, the round up of Indians from Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama was in 1838. Indians in the South were not annihilated, some Indians never made the trip to OK and have reservations in North Carolina (I have been there, near Asheville); and Alabama (Cherokee Village, I have been there); Two in Louisiana (I have been there); One in Mississippi (I have been there); Livingston, Texas (I have been there). I have also been to 2 out West (near Grand Canyon) and Mesa Verdi. these I know of, there is probably more, in other Southern states as well. There are no reservations in the North that I am aware of, there is a huge gambling mecca, I think CT, on old Indian land, some say is legal but not founded or run by Indians. During the Rev War and War of 1812 some tribes fought with the Britts because they were from outside America and they thought if the British won the War the migration would be much slower or maybe not at all. However, there were also Indians on the American side in that War, they must have had some regard for us or they wouldn't have fought on our side. Maybe it is as Geronimo said: "Our time has passed" I found a new cousin this week: Lt. Charles B. Gatewood b Shenandoah Valley, VA 1853 buried Arlington 1896. Lieutenant Charles Gatewood is almost lost to American history, but was recently revived somewhat by the movie "Geronimo," in which he was a central character. http://www.thehistorynet.com/WildWest/articles/1999/1099_text.htm Gatewood and Geronimo (the book by Louis Craft) is on sale at Amazon.com. Book Description: The two pre-eminent warriors of the Apache Wars between 1878 and 1886, Lieutenant Charles B. Gatewood of the Sixth United States Cavalry and Chiricahua leader Geronimo, respected one another in peace and feared one another in war. Within two years of his posting to Arizona in 1878, Gatewood became the army's premier "Apache man" as both a commander of Apache scouts and a reservation administrator, but his equitable treatment of Indians aroused the enmity of civilian and military detractors, and the army shunned him. In the late 1870s Geronimo, a medicine man, emerged as a brilliant Chiricahua leader and fiercely resisted his people's incarceration on inhospitable federal reservations. His fight for freedom, often bloody, in New Mexico, Arizona, and Mexico triggered the deployment of hundreds of United States and Mexican troops and Apache Scouts to hunt him and his people. In the end, the United States Army recalled Gatewood to Apache service, ordering him into the Sierra Madre of northern Mexico to locate Geronimo and negotiate his band's surrender. Showing the depravity and desperation of the Apache wars, Louis Kraft dramatically recreates Gatewood's final mission and poignantly recalls the United States government's betrayal of the Chiricahuas, Geronimo, and Gatewood at the campaign's end. The Apaches called Gatewood Bay-chen-daysen, which translates to "Long Nose." Tall, slender and Southern born, Gatewood graduated from West Point in 1877. Shortly after reporting for duty with the 6th U.S. Cavalry at Fort Apache, Arizona Territory, in 1878, he became a veteran Indian campaigner. By 1884, Gatewood had emerged as one of Crook's handpicked subalterns to bring peace to the Southwest. An experienced commander of Apache scouts, he also served as military commandant of the White Mountain Indian Reservation, headquartered at Fort Apache. On November 8, 1887, Tucson feted the victorious soldiers. During the reception at the San Xavier Hotel, Miles' officers were all praised--all except Gatewood. When asked about Gatewood's participation in the surrender, Miles snapped that he was "sick of this adulation of Lieutenant Gatewood, who only did his duty." Gatewood was conspicuously absent from the celebration. Miles had no intention of being upstaged and had ordered Gatewood to remain in Los Angeles. Gatewood's situation never improved. His assignment as aide-de-camp ended on September 14, 1890. From then until his death on May 20, 1896, he continued to perform his various assignments to the best of his ability. But there would be no rewards. Whereas Lawton, Wood, Smith and almost every officer who served in Mexico during the summer of 1886 died or retired a colonel or general, Gatewood died a first lieutenant--the rank he held when he negotiated with Geronimo in Mexico. josie At 07:35 PM 2/1/01 -0800, you wrote: >Dear Cousins, > I have made further changes to the the site, in order for >people to find things more easily. Each of the Perimeters now >has its own chart of included information, which I think will make it >easier. Although the indexes are up, !! not all the links are >linked!! In some cases the files are not uploaded, and in some >cases, the files are uploaded, but are at the old locations and I >simply haven't been able to link everything to the new indexes -- >YET! Each of the index pages ultimately will have a degree of >explanation of the new pages and their relationship to the perimeters. >Each has a symbol which I hope will come to represent the Perimeter in >your minds. When you see it you automatically will begin to think of >that Perimeter and its specific data. > While working on the pages last night, I came across a site at >Rootsweb which disturbed me. I am putting up pages regarding Native >Americans, and I found a link to the page Indian Captives, which I had >visited some time ago -- maybe as long as two years, I can't remember. >Several people had written in about the content, and the webmaster had >commented rather definsively back that hers was not a forum for >discussion but a genealogy site. I didn't find any genealogy there, >but there may be some. Most of the site was stories which seemed to >be undocumented, sensational stories written long after the fact, >that described the "savage" treatment to captives. > While my own great-grandfather was murdered by Indians in 1878 >here in Oregon, and while I am a descendant of Hannah Emerson Dustin >(of the Haverhill Emersons) who was a White captive who overcame her >Indian captors in the 1600's, and while I have researched the story of >Mary Draper Ingles of SW Virginia, whose story is also legitimate, >many of the "White Captive" stories are not legitimate, and are only >repetitions of stories with different names, and bloody details thrown >in to titilate and distort 19th century ideas about Indians. Then >these ideas are passed on, generation after generation. I feel it is >very irresponsible to put up information on the internet which is >insensitive to ethnic groups, as well as to others. Just as we must >guard the truthfulness of our genealogy, we must impose ethical and >historical standards to other information we put on the internet for >general consumption. I am pledged not just to truth, but accuracy. We >do not want to judge Whites, African Americans, or Native Americans >(or any other ethnic group) by current cultural standards. But most >of >all we do not want to repeat errors, misinformation, and genealogical >and historical sloppiness to perpetrate cruel, inaccurate stereotypes >of any ethnic group. Native - White Settler relationships on the >frontiers were extremely complicated, and need to be addressed in >historically ethical and objective ways. > The pages I will be including will have information on >Native Americans in each region. We will soon be coming to >information on the Cherokees who originally populated the NWSW >Perimeter (NW North Carolina and SW Virginia) on down into northern >Georgia -- which is why I am getting in this "rant" now! > Please, if you have suggestions or comments, please write via >the list. I welcome your comments on any subject. This List IS the >forum for discussion of issues! We need to discuss how things are >going, and if you think things could be done, differently or better, >or if I've neglected to include something. We do not have to agree >on issues, or politics! But we do have to refrain from stereotyping >and generalizing about others. That is nothing more than name-calling >and mudslinging. Also, the idea with American Crossroads is to >search out genealogy and history to show the kinship that we have with >one another. Giving identity to out ancestors is one way, and >remembering to think positive, healing thoughts about our Cousins and >Friends are others. I was so gratified recently when one cousin wrote >to say she felt so close to another one even though they've never met. >This is most definitely what I am trying to achieve with this site. > Remember, the links are not working! This is just the >notification to have you see the organization of the thing. > The new indexes are: >The Philadelphia Perimeter >http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/Phila/index.html >The NWSW Perimeter >http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/NWSW/index.html >The Maryland Delaware Perimeter >http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/MDDE/index.html > >Love, Your Historically Correct Cousin, Carolyn >Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@teleport.com >========================================= >--- Visit American Crossroads --- >http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads > > > > > > >============================== >Ancestry.com Genealogical Databases >http://www.ancestry.com/rd/rwlist2.asp >Search over 2500 databases with one easy query! ___________________________________________________________________ josiebass@zxmail.com 216 Beach Park Lane Cape Canaveral, FL 32920-5003 Home of the *HARRISON* Repository http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~harrisonrep/ My Southern Family WWW: http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~mysouthernfamily/ LINDSAY & HARRISON Surnames & CSA-HISTORY Roots Mail List GENCONNECT: http://cgi.rootsweb.com/~genbbs/indx/FamAssoc.html Data Managed by beautiful daughter Becky Bass Bonner and me, Josephine Lindsay Bass

Dear Beej, and Cousins on the List, One of the other features of the upgraded site will be my attempt (once more) to provide computer, internet, and software How-To help, in addition to my genealogy and history ideas. By the way, Beej, our Cousins DIck and Isabel whom I just visited in Maine, are in your age bracket and they also bought "The Great Migration Begins." Maybe they can give you some tips! Love, Your Cousin, Carolyn Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@centurytel.net =========================================

Dear Jim, and Cousins on the List: First, M'Dear, regarding Delaware research: Philadelphia it ain't but Philadelphia Perimeter, it certainly IS! (Caesar) Rodney is a very important name in the history, as you note, and once again, you have a background to die for! Or, almost, Jim! I have found that horse-thief, but tell your Dad it only whets the appetite for more. Alonzo Pennington, who is said to have fiddled at his own hanging, is prominently mentioned in several sites, the most illustrous at the American Folklife Center: http://www.loc.gov/today/pr/2001/01-142.html Very interesting and informative from the two Histories of Christian County, KY at the Christian County pages at the usgenweb, (Perrin 1884) and Meacham 1930.) http://www.kyseeker.com/christian/perrin/chap3.html http://www.kyseeker.com/christian/meacham/chap11.html TODD COUNTY KY, Sharon Grove www.usgennet.org/usa/ky/county/todd/past/shrngrove.htm For a long time I've felt that a lending library or some type of co-ordinated lookups should be a primary feature of any genealogy and history organization. Books are so expensive, and that is why I am so indebted to Our Isabel for lending me some primary ones of hers. These records have helped formulate an overall research theory in regard to our elusive Pennington roots, which I will detail in another message. Additionally, I have taken a couple of babysteps toward helping the situation for AMXROADS subscribers. One of the networking things I accomplished while on the road (shades of Willie Nelson!) was to talk briefly with Craig Scott of Willow Bend Books, who has bought out Family Line Publications which I used to visit regularly when I lived in Maryland. http://www.willowbendbooks.com Mr. Wright Has Retired -- story of my life! One of my all-time greatest puns, when I realized that Ed Wright, owner of the Family Line bookstore was the Mr. Wright, author of the many Maryland publications I had been purchasing, was "OH, so you're Mr. Wright!" (Maybe you just had to be there!) Mr. Scott is making plans to open a Pacific Coast branch here in Oregon at Coos Bay, and asked me to contact him when I get up a new website from which I can sell Willow Bend Books online. This would mean both a discount for our list members and some small income toward supporting the American Crossroads project. I spent over a hundred dollars at Willow Bend, about 25% of my total lifetime wealth! But, some of the purchases were totally worth it. Take a look at Willow Bend's online catalog, but wait another week or so for any purchases, until I get the new webpage up which can handle commercial endeavors, which cannot be done at the Rootsweb site. Here's my book report on my purchases at Willow Bend, plus the books Isabel loaned me: **** "Pioneers of Old Frederick County Virginia" by Cecil O'Dell. Fifty bucks ($49.50) and worth every cent. This book, like Peter Stebbins Craig's "The 1693 Census of the Swedes on the Delaware" is A#1 State of the Art. I can't recommend these kinds of books too highly. Cecil O'Dell takes a hard look at the community that was Frederick County In The Beginning, and spawned Grant, Hardy, Shenandoah, Page, Warren, Clarke, Mineral, Morgan, Berkley, Jefferson AND Hampshire. This was the area where the first migrants from the Philadelphia Perimeter came. Like Chalkey's "Augusta County Chronicles," this is a classic work on pioneer families, from whence the Frontier or Backwoods people all came. O'Dell presents small maps of each neighborhood and shows who lived there. He supplies land records for the property owners, and also presents amplifying records of many families, i.e., certificate and witnesses of a Quaker marriage: "Thomas Mills and Elizabeth Harrold (daughter of Mary Harrold) were married on the 18th day of 4th month (June) 1730 at Josiah Ballenger's home at Monocacy, near present-day Buckeystown, Frederick County, Maryland." I could teach a two hour class on this record alone! I hope to put it up at the website, for informatiion from this book, along with some other records are ILLUMINATING in the overall scheme of migrating families who went on to settle all points south and west. Remember, in each locale, some stayed and some rode on. The research is the same, regardless. Don't ignore the possibilities of an excellent source by thinking your ancestors werem't there. **** "The 1693 Census of the Swedes on the Delaware" by Peter Stebbins Craig is a masterpiece of scholarship. You wil find out why you haven't been able to find the roots of your Hanson, Anderson, Yocum, Wheeler, Cox, Steelman, Mounts/Mounce, Hendricks, Denny, etc. etc. families. First, the Swede/Finns anglicized their names, but some didn't! and retained their patronymics. Another genealogical conspiracy against descendant researchers! **** "Carolina Cradle" by Dr. Robert Ramsay is the granddaddy of how to write a book that combines excellent history and genealogy research. This is almost the primer on showing communities and how they were built. Ramsay examines the cricks and hollers of western North Carolina and includes many of the indicators of the Philadelphia Perimeter Dr. Ramsay refers to Frederick Turner (My Hero!): "It was Frederick Jackson Turner's thesis that the frontier was instrumental in forming the American character. But until we learn who the frontiersmen were, where they came from, and what their motives were, we shall be guessing aboout much that is fundamental in the evolving history of this nation." For those of you interested in historiography, you can visit a couple of good sites about Turner, and Henry Nash Smith at the University of Virginia: http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/TURNER/title.html And extended prowlings on the idea, " Does the Frontier Experience Make America Exceptional? " www.bedfordstmartins.com/history/series/hw/frontier/internet.htm **** "New Castle County Delaware Land Records," a series by Family Line/Willow Bend. 1673-1710; 1715-1728. 1749-1752; 1755-1762. All loaned to me by Isabel. All excellent. All full of problem solving information regarding south and westward migrating families, which I hope to be sharing at the American Crossroads website soon. **** "Quaker Records of Northern Maryland, 1716 - 1800" by Henry C. Peden, Jr is great, containing abstracts from original records held at Swarthmore College. Since the Quakers were always in the forefront of migration, these records contain invaluable clues to our frontier ancestry. Yes, even if you didn't think you had Quaker Ancestry, you undoubtedly had a Friend in Pennsylvania, or Maryland, or New Jersey or Delaware. freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/Quakers/quakers.html **** "Vital Records of Kent and Sussex Counties, Delaware 1686 - 1800," by F. Edward Wright (Yes, Mr. Wright!) is a great resource, containing abstracts of early church records, and importantly contains extracts from Duck Creek Monthly Meeting. Beej, St. George's Episcopal at Indian River contains so many Burton records I am sure that this must be an early locale for your family. **** "Early Anglican Church Records of Cecil County," by Henry C. Peden, Jr. is quite good. ** Peden's "Maryland Deponents 1634-1799," and "More Maryland Deponents" provide clues, but not much else. One still needs to carefully check the records referred to by these extracts from the Maryland Archives. * "Marylanders to Carolina," by Peden is gleaned principally from records after the Revolutionary War and is therefore not as helpful as records contemporary to the migrations would be, as in the case of O'dell and Ramsay's work. Without much clarifying interpretation, this falls into the category of "finding aid," rather than an excellent resource. There are many omissions. These books are secondary sources, although most are quite excellent examples of the authors' interpretative ability, they are remain good interpretations of original documents you can obtain from internet sources, through the LDS microfilm program, and even through your local library's Inter-Library Loan system, AND which you can also do by on-site research or even through Angels In Localities We're All Interested In! Love, Your Cousin,Carolyn Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@centurytel.net In response to Jim Cookman's message: >Welcome back from your journey. May I add a thought to your plea for >proper procedure? My Dad, who got me started on this magnificent >obsession, always said, "When you get to the horse-thief, stop." > >My research has taken me into Delaware! Finally a place that isn't >Philadelphia! Has anyone come across the following names: Pleasanton, Rodney, Gordon (James and Joshua and Sarah,) Laws, DeWaele/DeWaile? >The Delaware Genealogical Society published a book in 1985, already out of print, "Milford, Delaware, and the Milford Area after 1776." Does >anyone on the list have access to this?

Dear Cousin WW, and Cousins on the list, Thanks for your positive and helpful comments on expanding identities for our ancestors through inclusion of religious and economic aspects of their lives. While I was on the road (!) Our Isabel loaned me some Delaware record books. In some early deeds I found an Evan Davis who is a good possibility for my Davis ancestor. (My own Evan Davis died in Belmont county, OH in 1812, and his daughter Sally administered his estate. Sally Davis married John Pennington, fresh from the War of 1812 in Baltimore County Maryland.) In the body of some of the deeds this Evan was identified not as a saddler or saddle-maker, but as a Saddletree maker, which points to him as working with wood not leather. The David Davis who appears in other deeds in New Castle County is referred to as a turner, making him also a wood worker, and thereby it would seem that both had this type of trade in common. Traditionally, guild members in the British Isles and Europe passed down their guild trades within families. So this is always a good clue for relationships, even much later in the colonies. Cordwainers are another trade which seems to run in several of the Maryland Delaware Pennington families. A cordwainer is usually thought of as a shoemaker, but the trade actually encompassed any kind of leather work. I think this may be where new World Changes may largely come into play, with rigid membership in guilds passing by the wayside in the looser, freewheeling American tradespeople in the 18th century. Apprenticeship still took place, but not through a guild, and one could find work without having to belong to a guild. Although a saddlemaker certainly used and worked leather, they do not usually seem to be thought of as cordwainers in America. It was interesting to find Evan Davis referred to as a saddletree maker, which meant to me that there was a high degree of separation within these several interrelated trades, at least in New Castle County Delaware. Now I really hope to get a copy of Evan Davis' will and Sally's administration from Belmont county. Inclusion of woodworking items in his estate would be a confirmatory aspect of his identity. I only have the abstract of the will now. The religious aspect of identity is such a valuable and complex topic, I hope to have more time and space to dwell on it at length on the website. Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@centurytel.net ========================================= To subscribe to the American Crossroads Discussion List: Send a message to: AMXROADS-L-request@rootsweb.com with the single word subscribe in the body of the message --- Visit American Crossroads --- http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads

Dear Cousins, I have made further changes to the the site, in order for people to find things more easily. Each of the Perimeters now has its own chart of included information, which I think will make it easier. Although the indexes are up, !! not all the links are linked!! In some cases the files are not uploaded, and in some cases, the files are uploaded, but are at the old locations and I simply haven't been able to link everything to the new indexes -- YET! Each of the index pages ultimately will have a degree of explanation of the new pages and their relationship to the perimeters. Each has a symbol which I hope will come to represent the Perimeter in your minds. When you see it you automatically will begin to think of that Perimeter and its specific data. While working on the pages last night, I came across a site at Rootsweb which disturbed me. I am putting up pages regarding Native Americans, and I found a link to the page Indian Captives, which I had visited some time ago -- maybe as long as two years, I can't remember. Several people had written in about the content, and the webmaster had commented rather definsively back that hers was not a forum for discussion but a genealogy site. I didn't find any genealogy there, but there may be some. Most of the site was stories which seemed to be undocumented, sensational stories written long after the fact, that described the "savage" treatment to captives. While my own great-grandfather was murdered by Indians in 1878 here in Oregon, and while I am a descendant of Hannah Emerson Dustin (of the Haverhill Emersons) who was a White captive who overcame her Indian captors in the 1600's, and while I have researched the story of Mary Draper Ingles of SW Virginia, whose story is also legitimate, many of the "White Captive" stories are not legitimate, and are only repetitions of stories with different names, and bloody details thrown in to titilate and distort 19th century ideas about Indians. Then these ideas are passed on, generation after generation. I feel it is very irresponsible to put up information on the internet which is insensitive to ethnic groups, as well as to others. Just as we must guard the truthfulness of our genealogy, we must impose ethical and historical standards to other information we put on the internet for general consumption. I am pledged not just to truth, but accuracy. We do not want to judge Whites, African Americans, or Native Americans (or any other ethnic group) by current cultural standards. But most of all we do not want to repeat errors, misinformation, and genealogical and historical sloppiness to perpetrate cruel, inaccurate stereotypes of any ethnic group. Native - White Settler relationships on the frontiers were extremely complicated, and need to be addressed in historically ethical and objective ways. The pages I will be including will have information on Native Americans in each region. We will soon be coming to information on the Cherokees who originally populated the NWSW Perimeter (NW North Carolina and SW Virginia) on down into northern Georgia -- which is why I am getting in this "rant" now! Please, if you have suggestions or comments, please write via the list. I welcome your comments on any subject. This List IS the forum for discussion of issues! We need to discuss how things are going, and if you think things could be done, differently or better, or if I've neglected to include something. We do not have to agree on issues, or politics! But we do have to refrain from stereotyping and generalizing about others. That is nothing more than name-calling and mudslinging. Also, the idea with American Crossroads is to search out genealogy and history to show the kinship that we have with one another. Giving identity to out ancestors is one way, and remembering to think positive, healing thoughts about our Cousins and Friends are others. I was so gratified recently when one cousin wrote to say she felt so close to another one even though they've never met. This is most definitely what I am trying to achieve with this site. Remember, the links are not working! This is just the notification to have you see the organization of the thing. The new indexes are: The Philadelphia Perimeter http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/Phila/index.html The NWSW Perimeter http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/NWSW/index.html The Maryland Delaware Perimeter http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/MDDE/index.html Love, Your Historically Correct Cousin, Carolyn Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@teleport.com ========================================= --- Visit American Crossroads --- http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads

Dear Cousins! I have returned from the Eastern verge of civilization, and am back once again on the Western verge! I find it's always good to go away and always good to return home once again. This trip was special for several reasons: First, our new baby in Maryland, born on my birthday. Then, the trip enabled me to meet with several persons I hadn't met before, but wanted very much to see, and finally, the ostensible purpose, to attend the GENTECH 2002 convention! Victoria, our baby, is wonderful. Of course! What a joy for a Grandma whose other two grandchildren are in Australia. It was nice to visit with my wonderful daughter Andrea and my wonderful son-in-law Daniel. (They're a matched set, the three of them!) I also got to see my son Doug and daughter-in-law Lynn. While still in Maryland, one big present was getting to meet one of our newer list members, Cousin John O. Pennington. I had hoped to do more research, but wasn't feeling up to par so meeting John made up for some of the missed agenda. Also got a chance to visit my long time co-searcher Sybil Hampton. On up to Boston, and the convention, then a chance to meet our Cousin Isabel and hubby Dick for Maine Lobstah! I spend two of the most lovely days with them. Another cousin, Ric Blake and his wife Dianne, whom I've been hoping to meet for several years now drove me around Boston and then on up to Iz and Dick's place. Folks, genealogy is most about just this: meeting relatives and making connections with real people. What a complete joy. This trip has provided me with family connection, networking, and the meaning of community: Everything I've hoped to promote with American Crossroads. It's been one of my happiest in a very long time. At the convention I gave my speech on the "State of State of the Art." It's a much needed topic. It is increasingly clear to me that the state of the art is pretty poor in our sphere of interest: Genealogy, History, and Technology. The internet has provided access to so many resources and possibilities, but people are not learning how to employ old standards within the new technologies to evolve new methodologies. How to improve? GENEALOGY: Improve the state of the art by employing more History (local, regional) in one's search. Copying down names, dates, and events for one surname does not produce the results one needs when in pursuit of the elusive frontierspeople from which most of us seem to descend. When we study details about the other people of the regions, their motivations (and records) become clearer. Isabel has loaned me several books, and one illustrates this concept: Petter Stebbins Craig's book "The 1693 Census for Swedes on the Delaware." This book spells out and interweaves the genealogy and history of this unique area which spawned so many of us. The online pages of the Swedish Colonial Society has much to offer that emulates the tenor of the book. http://www.colonialswedes.org/ http://www.colonialswedes.org/Forefathers/FFPro.html You may also find it interesting to visit the Historic Elk Landing site for ideas about your own local preservation efforts, and the need to search out local history in order to find your roots. John Hans Steelman was an early hunter and trader. Some of the Hollingsworths, who lived nearby, were among those migrating to Virginia, the Carolinas, and on, always on. http://www.elklanding.org/ http://www.trellis.net/steel/steelman/johnhan.htm HISTORY: I think "Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways," by David Hackett Fischer is an excellent example of how including genealogy in writing history would provide a more accurate picture of the topic. For instance in Albion's Seed, the Delaware River "folkway" is very skewed, as Fischer seems to have forgotten the impact of the Swede/Finns, the Germans, the Dutch and many other central Europeans. Again, in following the "Scotch Irish" into the Virginia backcountry Fischer ignores the same infusion of these "Others" on the "folkway." Genealogical studies would have pointed up his fallacies. TECHNOLOGY: There is so much wrong with the state of the art in technology, it's hard to know where to begin. I believe that the worst is the continual focusing on software which merely herds lineage based families into one "improved, updated " (read more expensive) version after another. Best is the the "Deed Mapper" type software which enables us to plot with accuracy where our ancestors lived and their proximity to people and places which gives us added, needed insight into fresh interpretations about them. These ideas will be expanded over the next month or so while I try to improve communication about the focus and goals of American Crossroads. I hope to be able to undertake more articles in other mediums, establish a newsletter or some other type of American Crossroads publication, and possibly even begin undertaking other speaking engagements. If you have suggestions, on any of these ideas, especially speaking opportunities, Iz will tell you, if you make lobster and Indian Corn Pudding, I will come! Love, your Grateful Cousin, Carolyn Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@centurytel.net ========================================= To subscribe to the American Crossroads Discussion List: Send a message to: AMXROADS-L-request@rootsweb.com with the single word subscribe in the body of the message --- Visit American Crossroads --- http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads

Dear Cousins! I am through napping! Thanks Georgia! (and I will get your last e-mail answered!) Today I worked on two more aspects of the new identifying pages I want to use as prototypes. I hope to have them up tonight or tomorrow. One is an individual name summary for the name Elijah Pennington. The other is a locality summary database for Somerset County, NJ. These both form parts of the Ephraim descendants. I hope to have examples up in the next couple of days for the others. These two summaries, and three others in the works should put us in good shape in reducing gadzillions of data into individual ancestors. Also, I like to give the ancestors identifying names, such as Abraham the Trader, Levi the Quaker, etc., which also helps to further flesh out the unique identity of each. The summaries, and a Sercher registry will be set up as follows: AMXROADS SURNAME SUMMARY (For example, BEASON) Sursum/beason.html AMXROADS IDENTITY SUMMARY (For example Elijah Pennington) Identsum/elijahp.html AMXROADS ALLIED SURNAME PAGE Allsum/index.html AMXROADS LOCALITIES SUMMARY (For example, Ashe County, NC) Locsum/ashe.html AMXROADS DATABASES (For example, Somerset NJ database) Data/NJsom.html AMXROADS SEARCHER REGISTERY Register/index.html) Obviously, we are not going to do Summaries on every ancestor, for inclusion on the website. But if we do the summaries on the key ones, I believe it will lead us to finding answers for whole lineages. One of the biggest problems with the internet information is the unreliability of it. This methodology will lead us back to basics and restore a means of sorting out what went wrong, and where, in much of the Other information floating around. The Identity Summary Page is uploaded, and it will guide us to the Surnames and Individual summaries of interest. To begin with, I have merely put a few of the many which will ultimately be available. Remember these summaries are works in progress. They are here for all of you to add your fondest genealogical hopes and dreams! Also, remember, I am always open to your suggestions and improvements about what will help you. Sometimes we have to mull these things over and see what works. Write your thoughts and ideas to the list! Many heads are better than this wonky one! This is what I suggest: Print out the pages so that you can see how the data and information is set up and see whether you follow the interconnections. (I have about ten million pages of this kind of thing I keep trying to get into notebooks.) In doing the research, I believe we have to go from broad to specific and then back again. One fact leads to the development of another. When one has access to the information on the internet it is easy to follow up quickly. In the olden days (this is not a story about my wonky knees, Kay!) we had to wait weeks and months for this kind of information! Also, remember, I have been assembling this data from the internet. This is most decidedly secondary resource material! BUT, it is comprised of actual records that have been written down somewhere. This is what we have to remember. This material is fact, but it is secondary fact because it has passed through various transcriptions and human manglings. (Even mine!) But, even though we must follow up on secondary information, it is not a rehash of someone's fantasies recycled and recloned by World Family Tree, etc. I have loaded an additional page on the defunct county of Tyron, NC (1769-1779). This county had references to many pertinent surnames in NW North Carolina, including Jacob Pennington and Mary his wife; Benejah Pennington, Jno. Pennington and Micajah Pennington and his wife Rachel. Study of other surnames in this non-existant place (created from Mecklenburg and made into Rutherford and Lincoln) may shed additional light on our puzzles. The spelling is creative! However, these documents (from a book by Brent Holcomb) provides an interesting insight during the Revolutionary War era. Please keep our Cousin Cari and her family in your thoughts and prayers as they support her mother in radiation treatment and dialysis, while coping with a forced move notice from their landlord in the midst of these severe health struggles. Love and Peace, Your Wonky Cousin! Carolyn McDaniel cmacdee@teleport.com http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/Identsum/elijahp.html http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/Identsum/index.html http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads/NWSW/tyron.html

I agree with Kay and the rest. Carolyn, if you want to take two naps, that is ok with all of us. Just be sure to drink plenty of fluids. Georgia ----- Original Message ----- From: Beverly Comin <kaycyak@msn.com> To: <AMXROADS-L@rootsweb.com> Sent: Sunday, January 28, 2001 9:10 PM Subject: [AMXROADS] apologies > Hey cus...all this work you are doing you surely do not owe any of us an > apology!!!! We will allow you to take at least one nap a day. (; > Thanks for all your efforts...Kay > _________________________________________________________________ > Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com > > > ============================== > Join the RootsWeb WorldConnect Project: > Linking the world, one GEDCOM at a time. > http://worldconnect.rootsweb.com > >

Gee Carolyn...it's been a lonnnnnnggggg time since Heppner, but I sure don't remember you having wonky knees. cus K >From: "Carolyn McDaniel" <cmacdee@teleport.com> >Reply-To: AMXROADS-L@rootsweb.com >To: AMXROADS-L@rootsweb.com >Subject: Re: [AMXROADS] A non-gen excuse >Date: Sat, 27 Jan 2001 04:25:33 -0800 > >Dear Barb, > 'Tis the season! I'm doing better with my wonky knees, but >not great. Hope you feel better soon. > Love, Carolyn > >--- Visit American Crossroads --- >http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~amxroads > > > >============================== >Search over 900 million names at Ancestry.com! >http://www.ancestry.com/rd/rwlist1.asp > > _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com

Hey cus...all this work you are doing you surely do not owe any of us an apology!!!! We will allow you to take at least one nap a day. (; Thanks for all your efforts...Kay _________________________________________________________________ Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com

Dear Carolyn and listmembers, Please excuse my delay after my last message in which I made suggestions, etc. I have the flu but will be back soon. Barb Temple

Dear Marilyn, Yes, I am having the identical problem on all the sites mentioned. Leigh Pennington

Dear Carolyn and cousins, I have tried repeatedly to access some of the files in your latest localities summary, Carolyn, and I get the following message: Page does not exist, Not Found. This happened on all the files in your American Crossroads web site that I tried to access. Is anyone else having this problem? Marilyn