Dear Chuck, what makes you ask this question after 6 years? The original enquirer Janet Delorey never followed up, and 'I' did not promise to research this name. In fact, all I did was bring her query to the attention of the Amrev- Hessians subscribers, but apparently there was no response from anybody, at least not put over this list. Let's see if somebody can help this time. Cheers, John Helmut Merz (retired on Lake Ontario) ----- Original Message ----- From: Chuck Call To: hessian@sympatico.ca Sent: Thursday, April 28, 2005 8:40 PM Subject: Old email John, did you ever answer Janet Delorey, back in 1999, regarding her email here? Chuck Call (and I am an Ancestry.com subscriber) AMREV-HESSIANS-L Archives From: John Helmut Merz < Subject: Christopher Tiffaner/Tiffany Date: Fri, 30 Apr 1999 17:30:13 -0700 This message came in from a non-subscriber and is herewith forwarded, in other words, when replying, reply to mailto: DisplayMail('aol.com','Genatree'); Genatree@aol.com and cc. to the AMREV-HESSIANS-L list. DisplayMail('aol.com','Genatree'); Genatree@aol.com wrote: Your name was given to me as someone who might be able to assist me on a Christopher Tiffany/Tiffaner who, according to the Gazeteer of New York, was a "Dutch" soldier- undoubtedly a misspelling of "Deutch" or Hessian. Following the Revolution, Christopher resided in Vermont as an upstanding citizen so I am ASSUMING that he either deserted to the Patriot cause or simply hid his service with the Hessians, if, indeed, he served with them. Is it possible that you might have seen this name in that spelling or variation thereof in your work on the Hessian soldiers? Thank you for any help you might be able to give. Janet Delorey ( DisplayMail('aol.com','Genatree'); Genatree@aol.com)

I don't know how common it was in the time of the Am. Rev. but today there is an accepted list of names that is government approved in Germany. You cannot "create" a name or depart from the list for your child's official registration.The spelling must be standard also. The list has expanded over the years. My understanding is that Protestant (Evangelisch) Germans usually selected Old Testament names while Catholic parents selected those from the new Testament and later saints. Ann agatha1@flash.net

My own experience living in Germany, and in German-American communities in USA, indicates that when two given names are listed, the first is an honorific (not necessarily a Saint), the second is the familiar name. This has caused all kinds of problems. Public records keepers, for example in Pennsylvania Dutch country, were sometimes not familiar with German naming customs. Either the first or middle names could be recorded. German families traditionally named children for relatives. The same small group of familiar given names is used repetitiously by family tradition over several, perhaps many, generations. This is usually not a problem in many German cemeteries because of so few old burials. Rent is paid by the family for use of a cemetery plot for a limited number of years. At the end of that time a bill is sent to the family by the diocese, parish or public entity to renew the rent for a specified time. If such rent is not paid the remains are disinterred and placed in a charnel house (or church basement) or disposed of and the plot is reused. Small village cemeteries are generally more liberal on the length of the rental than are cemeteries in heavily populated areas where cemetery plots are at a premium. If there were not some controls much valuable land would be occupied by cemeteries. Thus, you may find a cemetery or parish record of a burial over a century ago, but there is no grave or marker to be found. Headstones can be recycled, or used for walkways or walls. Each country has it's own customs and laws regarding burials which are becoming less common. Cremations are becoming more common in Germany. D. M. Fehlings Renton, Washington, USA Tel: 425/255-8588 Dfehlings@aol.com

Bob, You are so right I visited Oberemmel Germany (very small community) where a lot of my ancestors originated. I found graves in the Catholic churchyard with Schmitts Nilles, Kopps, With same names married to same people , except the dates were more recent. the ladies tending the graves said after awhile they just toss the old gravestones and bury on top of old grave so this seems to agree with what you say No new names are introduced It was a strange feeling to see newer dates on same names . AM I my own Grandma??? Mary Anne ----- Original Message ----- From: "Bob Brooks" <rcbrooks@pivot.net> To: <AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com> Sent: Thursday, April 28, 2005 10:44 AM Subject: Re: [HESSIAN] German names > Jeri -- > >> "At baptism, if two given names were given to the child, the first given >> name was a spiritual, saint's name. The second given name was the >> secular or call name, which is the name the person was known by, both >> within the family and to the rest of the world. <clip> > > The reason I wore as I did was to discredit perpetuating statements like > this. Just because one finds things on the internet doesn't mean they are > accurate. > > While the above statement may be true to persons following the Roman > Catholic faith, it was not true to the Reformed, Evangelical or Jewish > faiths, none of which had "Saints." In the 1782 recruits from Brunswick, > less than 10% were Catholic. > > My recommendation to anyone interested in the naming patterns of the town > which they have an intestes is to get a copy of the baptismal records and > look for them selves. When 90 out of 100 children's names mirror the > names of the godparents, "Bye-bye, Saint John." > > One observation (which may be coincidental as I lack a large enough data > base to prove the theory) is that there becomes a preponderance of the > same names in a given town. I suspect this is the result of the lack of > mobility of the populace as new names are only added when a new name comes > to town or someone doesn't follow the convention. In theory, if there > were ten different male names and ten different female names when the town > formed and there where no additions from outside, then a hundred or two > hundred years later, you would have the same twenty names, ten male and > ten female, unless a line died out. > > Bob Brooks > > > > ==== AMREV-HESSIANS Mailing List ==== > To unsubscribe click on AMREV-HESSIANS-L-request@rootsweb.com > and write one single word unsubscribe in subject line and text field. > No other words or explanations or it won't work. ~~~~~~~~~~~ > You can search the archives for a specific message or browse them, going > from one message to another. To search: > http://listsearches.rootsweb.com/?list=AMREV-HESSIANS > To browse: http://archiver.rootsweb.com/AMREV-HESSIANS-L > > ============================== > View and search Historical Newspapers. Read about your ancestors, find > marriage announcements and more. Learn more: > http://www.ancestry.com/s13969/rd.ashx > >

Jeri -- > "At baptism, if two given names were given to the child, the first given > name was a spiritual, saint's name. The second given name was the secular > or call name, which is the name the person was known by, both within the > family and to the rest of the world. <clip> The reason I wore as I did was to discredit perpetuating statements like this. Just because one finds things on the internet doesn't mean they are accurate. While the above statement may be true to persons following the Roman Catholic faith, it was not true to the Reformed, Evangelical or Jewish faiths, none of which had "Saints." In the 1782 recruits from Brunswick, less than 10% were Catholic. My recommendation to anyone interested in the naming patterns of the town which they have an intestes is to get a copy of the baptismal records and look for them selves. When 90 out of 100 children's names mirror the names of the godparents, "Bye-bye, Saint John." One observation (which may be coinicidental as I lack a large enough data base to prove the theory) is that there becomes a preponderance of the same names in a given town. I suspect this is the result of the lack of mobility of the populace as new names are only added when a new name comes to town or someone doesn't follow the convention. In theory, if there were ten diffenent male names and ten diffetent female names when the town formed and there where no additions from outside, then a hundred or two hundred years later, you would have the same twenty names, ten male and ten female, unless a line died out. Bob Brooks

The website doesn't open with your address you posted http://members.tripod.com/~Silvie/Schilling.html

Try again Ed...I just accessed it at the website given. i.e. www.kerchner.com/germname.htm Note it's germ name ----- Original Message ----- From: "Ed Maul" <edmaul@optonline.net> To: <AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com> Sent: Thursday, April 28, 2005 10:24 AM Subject: Re:Re: [HESSIAN] German names > The website doesn't open with your address you posted > > > > > http://members.tripod.com/~Silvie/Schilling.html > > > ==== AMREV-HESSIANS Mailing List ==== > The subject of this list - Hessian Soldiers of the American Revolution No other wars - no other German immigrants. Please stick to the subject. You can search the archives for a specific message or browse them, going from one message to another. > To search: http://listsearches.rootsweb.com/?list=AMREV-HESSIANS > To browse: http://archiver.rootsweb.com/AMREV-HESSIANS-L > > ============================== > New! Family Tree Maker 2005. Build your tree and search for your ancestors at the same time. Share your tree with family and friends. Learn more: http://landing.ancestry.com/familytreemaker/2005/tour.aspx?sourceid=14599&ta rgetid=5429 >

Thanks, Bob. A point well taken and it may be true. Though my Hessian ancestor, George Christian Schaeffer was Reformed Lutheran, and the "George" part of his name appears only in marriage records. He is known--true to Kerchner's suggested pattern--as Christian Schaeffer in all other public and private records I've found. I guess not all the old customs died with the emergence of Protestant faiths. And while Kerchner's suggested patterns may not hold true, it's another possible route when the old brick wall appears. Helped me find one distant relative. Jeri From: "Bob Brooks" <rcbrooks@pivot.net> To: <AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com> Sent: Thursday, April 28, 2005 10:44 AM Subject: Re: [HESSIAN] German names > Jeri -- > > > "At baptism, if two given names were given to the child, the first given > > name was a spiritual, saint's name. The second given name was the secular > > or call name, which is the name the person was known by, both within the > > family and to the rest of the world. <clip> > > The reason I wore as I did was to discredit perpetuating statements like > this. Just because one finds things on the internet doesn't mean they are > accurate. > > While the above statement may be true to persons following the Roman > Catholic faith, it was not true to the Reformed, Evangelical or Jewish > faiths, none of which had "Saints." In the 1782 recruits from Brunswick, > less than 10% were Catholic. > > My recommendation to anyone interested in the naming patterns of the town > which they have an intestes is to get a copy of the baptismal records and > look for them selves. When 90 out of 100 children's names mirror the names > of the godparents, "Bye-bye, Saint John." > > One observation (which may be coinicidental as I lack a large enough data > base to prove the theory) is that there becomes a preponderance of the same > names in a given town. I suspect this is the result of the lack of mobility > of the populace as new names are only added when a new name comes to town or > someone doesn't follow the convention. In theory, if there were ten > diffenent male names and ten diffetent female names when the town formed and > there where no additions from outside, then a hundred or two hundred years > later, you would have the same twenty names, ten male and ten female, unless > a line died out. > > Bob Brooks > > > > ==== AMREV-HESSIANS Mailing List ==== > To unsubscribe click on AMREV-HESSIANS-L-request@rootsweb.com > and write one single word unsubscribe in subject line and text field. > No other words or explanations or it won't work. > ~~~~~~~~~~~ > You can search the archives for a specific message or browse them, going from one message to another. > To search: http://listsearches.rootsweb.com/?list=AMREV-HESSIANS > To browse: http://archiver.rootsweb.com/AMREV-HESSIANS-L > > ============================== > View and search Historical Newspapers. Read about your ancestors, find > marriage announcements and more. Learn more: > http://www.ancestry.com/s13969/rd.ashx >

Bob writes.....<for those of you wondering about German naming practices... Perhaps the following may help some listers. From Charles F. Kerchner,Jjr. comes: "At baptism, if two given names were given to the child, the first given name was a spiritual, saint's name. The second given name was the secular or call name, which is the name the person was known by, both within the family and to the rest of the world. ...the use of Saint John was the most common example of this custom, but Saint George was often used too. ...The term "Senior" and "Junior" ...did not necessarily imply a father and son relationship...it could have been an uncle and nephew who had the same name and lived nearby. ...The term cousin was widely used to mean an extended family, not the specific legal definition we understand...today." He also shows 3 naming patterns which may be of help in sorting through the haystacks. For more details go to www.kerchner.com/germname and click on 18th Century PA German Naming Customs. Jeri

Hi- None of these really are indexed. Sorry. Howard > Hi Howard, > Thank you for the offer, Do you think you could copy the indexes ..that is > if it lists the soldiers names? That would be a wonderful addition to the > archives and a help for others to know what is in the books...and where to > look for a particular person.. > Nelda > list manager > > Nelda L. Percival nee Gilpin, IBSSG > http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~bonsteinandgilpin/ > http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~gillock/ > http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~bonsteinandgilpin/ > > > > ==== AMREV-HESSIANS Mailing List ==== > HETRINA - "Hessische Truppen im Amerikanischen Unabhaengigkeitskrieg" > Six Volumes covering Hessen-Kassel, Hessen-Hanau, and Waldeck. > HETRINA does not cover Braunschweig/Brunswick, Ansbach-Bayreuth or > Anhalt-Zerbst. Those are partly covered by other publications. > This list was started in 1998 by Johannes (John) Helmut Merz, and you will find > his explanations about HETRINA in our mail list archives. > > ============================== > Search the US Census Collection. Over 140 million records added in the > last 12 months. Largest online collection in the world. Learn more: > http://www.ancestry.com/s13965/rd.ashx >

Below listed are five of the six children born to the 1782 Ansbach-Bayreuth replacement recruits. Apparently another child was born on the crossing to America of whom I find no record. For those of you wondering about naming practices, notice that three of the fourt children are given the same name as thir godparent of the same sex (and the fifth includes the sponsor's name).. I have observed the same practice in my limited review of Hessian church records. (1) Chateau, Anna Maria, nee Buettner, wife of Corporal Georg Chateau. At two o'clock in the afternoon of 3 October [1782], there was legally born [at Halifax] and thereafter baptized: Ernst Friederich-The father is Georg Chateau of Meisenheim in Saarbrücken, a Corporal in the Jäger Regiment-the mother is Anna Maria, nee Buettner, of Anspach. Sponsor: Captain Ernst Friederich Willhelm von Wurmb, of that regiment, who died of a wound during action at Penobscot. (2) Arnold, Margaretha, nee Wunderlich, wife of Jäger Georg Arnold 1782-At three o'clock in the afternoon of 17 December, there was legitimately born at Penobscot and thereafter baptized: Michael Peter-the father is Georg Arnold, a field jäger from Ansbach-the mother is Margaretha, nee Wunderlich, of Bayreuth. Sponsor: Vice-Corporal Michael Peter Krieger, and his wife (3) Elisabeth. (4) Rosenhauer, Elisabeth, wife of Jäger Georg Rosenhauer. At Penobscot, at five o'clock in the morning of 30 December [1782], there was legitimately born and thereafter baptized: Anna Regina Elisabeth-the father is Field Jäger Georg Rosenhauser, from Culmbach- The mother is Elizabeth, nee Schweigand. Sponsor: Field Jäger Georg Jakob Schnepf and his wife (5) Anna Regina Elisabeth. (6) Benz, Marion, nee Winter, wife of Jäger Georg Adam Benz. On 15 May [1783], in the absence of Chaplain Erb, there was born at Penobscot, and on 8 September [at The Downs, U.K.?] baptized, Johann Friedrich-the legitimate son of Field Jäger Georg Adam Benz and his wife Marion, nee Winter, of Feurth. Sponsor: Field Jäger Friederich Neues [?-this man not identified]. (7) Hassler, Cathar. Margaretha, nee Tripps, wife of Conrad Hassler. At three o'clock in the afternoon of 15 July [1783] at Penobscot, during the absence of the chaplain, there was born, and after the Ansbach troops were reunited at the downs (England) baptized on board the ship The Brothers on 8 September: Anna Susanna-The legitimate daughter of Field Jäger Conrad Hasster and his wife Cathar. Margaretha, nee Tripps. Sponsor: (8) Anna Susanna, from Rastel[?], Wife of Waldhornist [Leonhard] Schramm. Bob Brooks

I know of one concrete example of a soldier bringing his family with him. Ernst Juncker, who was the regimental drummer in the von Kynphausen Regiment brought his wife and 2 children with him and they evidently travelled with the regiment. This has been documented in papers discovered in Prince Edward Island which were published in the JHSA journal a number of years ago. Fred Vickerson -------Original Message------- From: Nelda Percival Date: 04/27/05 16:54:56 To: AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com Subject: RE: [HESSIAN] Families of Hessian Soldiers Hi Bonnie, I don't think the common Hessian soldier brought families with them from Germany. Might be some of the officers did, but there was support staff probably... might even have been camp followers.. (ladies of ill repute)... But families, I've read the conditions for the common soldier on board ship.. I would not have asked my family to go... Besides they were supossed to return... NOT STAY! This list isn't for research on families here before the Rev. War. as they were Americans...well not really until after we won independance... But I think you understand... Personally I would try the North Kingstown, R.I mailing lists.... County lists, area lists and country lists can be very helpful for looking for documentation... I'd also try the surname list for her husband...Baker.. Here we discuss the Hessian soldier only and some about his families here (USA) and back in Germany.. Hope that helps Nelda List Manager Nelda L. Percival nee Gilpin, IBSSG http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~bonsteinandgilpin/ http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~gillock/ http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~bonsteinandgilpin/ ==== AMREV-HESSIANS Mailing List ==== Taglines are supposed to give you instructions on how a mail list works. Please read them, and remove them and part of the original message (keeping enough of message for a reminder) before sending out an answer. One last word - Messages should not exceed what you can type on two letter pages, if you want to say more, make it two messages - Part one and Part two. `````````````` To unsubscribe: send an email to AMREV-HESSIANS-L-request@rootsweb.com and write one single word unsubscribe in subject line and text field. No other words or explanations or it won't work. ============================== View and search Historical Newspapers. Read about your ancestors, find marriage announcements and more. Learn more: http://www.ancestry.com/s13969/rd.ashx

Wives did come with some of the soldiers. Ed http://members.tripod.com/~Silvie/Schilling.html

Nelda -- > I don't think the common Hessian soldier brought families with them from > Germany. Might be some of the officers did, but there was support staff > probably... might even have been camp followers.. (ladies of ill > repute)... Just what do you mean by "common Hessian soldier"? The German units where receiving the same pay as the British regiments and I would think they probably had the same allowances for women. When the 236 men of the 1782 Ansbach-Bayreuth replacement recruits came over they had 9 women with them (all nine women returned and took six children home with them) When the 227 men of the 1782 Brunswick replacement recruits came out, they had 3 women with them; however, over a dozen of the men were married. The Brunswickers returned with five women and three children, but the three children belonged to two of the wives belonged to former German POWs who had rejoined the German troops when they heard the Germans were at Penobscot. A "double-large" British regiment (i.e., the 71st at 20 companies, 2098 officers and men) were authorized 160 women and 32 servants plus 280 tons of baggage, a "large" regiment (i.e., the 42d at 10 companies, 1168 officers & men) were allowed 80 women, 16 servants, and 140 tons of baggage. A "small" regiment of 677 officers and men were authorized 60 women, 12 servants and 86 tons baggage (ref: UK/TNA/PRO, C.O. 5/123 f. 80, etc.). I don't know the selection criteria as to just who got to bring their wife and who didn't. At least one of the German contingents were instructed that all the women's slot were for the troops but that was not necessarily the policy of the British troops. Two officer's wives and a lady's maid belonging to the 71st Regiment where on the transport CRAWFORD when it was re-recaptured by the Amercans in June 1776 (Captured by the USS ANDREW DORIA, she was retaken by HMS CERBERUS, the taken a third time by the GENERAL SCHUYLER.belonging to the NY state namavy and carried into NY. I take great exception to your phraseology "might even have been camp followers.. (ladies of ill repute)" While eagles may be birds, not all birds are eagles -- in fact, a very small minority of birds are eagles and a very small number of the "camp followers" where "ladies of ill repute." Baroness von Riedesel and her children were certainly "camp followers" but if a man called her a "lady of ill repute" he probably would be fighting a duel the next morning. Bob Brooks

Listers - I currently have in my possesion several of Bruce Bugoyne's books. If any one is interested in anything that might be in these books please contact me before May 2nd because UPS is due to pick them up then for shipment to the SAR Library in Louisville. The books are: WAKDECK SOLDIERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION COMPILED BY BRUCE BURGOYNE THE 3RD ENGLISH-WALDECK REGIMENT IN THE AMERICAN REVOLUTIONARY WAR BRUCE BURGOYNE HESSE-HANAU ORDER BOOKS A DIARY AND ROSTERS BRUCE AND MARIE BURGOYNE A YORKTOWN SURRENDER FLG - SYMBOLIC OBJECT JAMES LOWRY DIVISION OF CONSERVATION HARPERS FERRY CENTER HARPERS FERRY, WEST VIRGINIA DIARY OF JOHANNES REUBER BRUCE BURGOYNE SURVIVING ANSBACK-BAYREUTH REGIMENTAL STANDARDS DONALD W. HOLST JOURNAL AND REPORTS OF THE CAMPAIGN IN AMERICA 1778 -1783 FROM THE LIDGERWOOD COLLECTION MORRISTOWN HISTORICAL PARK MORRISTOWN, NJ 1991 Howard Horne hhorne04@comcast.net

Hi List... You know its just wonderful how you all respond when I make an error... Thank you thats wonderful! I should probably make more and we might get some good information going here... Does anyone know if these wives might have been support staff like cooks and laundresses??? Or how they met as in maybe the wife before they married was support staff?? There has always been through out history women who traveled with the soldiers, some were married to the soldiers some were camp followers... But the list still isn't for finding surnames of people who arrived here (non Hessians) before the Am. Rev War... Maybe one of you could tell her how to try to find the surname of the wife of her non Hessian ??? nelda Nelda L. Percival nee Gilpin, IBSSG http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~bonsteinandgilpin/ http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~gillock/ http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~bonsteinandgilpin/

Hi Bonnie, I don't think the common Hessian soldier brought families with them from Germany. Might be some of the officers did, but there was support staff probably... might even have been camp followers.. (ladies of ill repute)... But families, I've read the conditions for the common soldier on board ship.. I would not have asked my family to go... Besides they were supossed to return... NOT STAY! This list isn't for research on families here before the Rev. War. as they were Americans...well not really until after we won independance... But I think you understand... Personally I would try the North Kingstown, R.I mailing lists.... County lists, area lists and country lists can be very helpful for looking for documentation... I'd also try the surname list for her husband...Baker.. Here we discuss the Hessian soldier only and some about his families here (USA) and back in Germany.. Hope that helps Nelda List Manager Nelda L. Percival nee Gilpin, IBSSG http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~bonsteinandgilpin/ http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~gillock/ http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~bonsteinandgilpin/

Hi Howard, Thank you for the offer, Do you think you could copy the indexes ..that is if it lists the soldiers names? That would be a wonderful addition to the archives and a help for others to know what is in the books...and where to look for a particular person.. Nelda list manager Nelda L. Percival nee Gilpin, IBSSG http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~bonsteinandgilpin/ http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~gillock/ http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~bonsteinandgilpin/

Forwarded to the Amrev-Hessians mail list: From: "Robert Goode" <banshe8@insightbb.com> Sent: Wednesday, April 27, 2005 8:07 AM > Source: MONTGOMERY_CO_OH-L@rootsweb.com > Subject: LOY'S, CRIST'S, CASSEL'S and Henkel's Journal > > I've been trying to formulate a posting in response to Wayne's comments about these family groups and become daunted when I consider that the more I learn the less I seem to know, but that's one of the fascinating aspects of genealogical research. My research is still very rudimentary and always welcome comments, observations and clues. The Henkel Journal is very helpful in our research since it identifies the heads of German speaking households on the Ohio frontier shortly after the arrival of the first pioneers. The language bias is helpful in that it indicates that many of these folks who are second and third generation Americans are not yet assimilated into the Anglo-American culture. In a manner that still resonates today in the concerns by some of assimilation of the Hispanic culture into the "existing" American culture, no less venerable figure than Benjamin Franklin expressed his fears that the influx of conial period German immigrants would "Germanize" the colonies rather than be "anglicized" themselves. I personally feel that this German language microcosm in this area was a major attractant for these pioneers from other German communities in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and New York. > > The LOY family group has been well researched by many folks over the years and serves as a good signpost to keep our bearings with related family groups. As Wayne has stated, the Adam LOY was the probably the first of the Frederick, MD groups to locate in the Miami Valley area. In "The Loy Family in America" undocumented references are made that Adam and his son George Peter LOY searched the Ohio river valley for sometime before squatting on land in what would become Butler Co., OH. I would expect that with the long timeframe, probably more than one trip was made back to Frederick with news of the quality of land available for settlement in the Miami valley. Apparently, while waiting for his land patent to be settled, Adam became ill, drew up his will and died in December, 1803. His family remained in the area and Adam's unmarried children married the children of several families from Frederick, MD after their arrival. Some that I am aware of: Anna Christina LOY married Peter CATROW, Jan 1, 1805 in Germantown. Peter was the son of Charles CATROW, who died in Frederick in 1793. Peter had arrived in the Miami valley with his mother and several siblings including Mary CATROW SELBY(Zacharia) and Charles and Catherina CRIST CATROW. Catharina is likely the sister of Henry Jacob CRIST, mentioned in the earlier articles. Charles and Catharina were married in Frederick, MD in 1797. > > The CRIST family group included other siblings of Henry Jacob CRIST as well. As stated before, Henry's sister, Anna Maria CRIST LOEHR, her husband, Michael LOEHR and their family settled in Warren Co., OH sometime around 1800. after Michael LOEHR died Anna Maria LOEHR became Philip Gunckel, Sr.'s 2nd wife. Her daughter, Anna Elisabeth LOEHR, was already married to Philip Gunckel, Jr. Henry Jacob's sister, Anna Barbara CRIST YOUNG, her husband, Mathias YOUNG and they're family came to Warren Co., OH around 1800 and stayed for a time before moving on to Clinton Co., IN. Anna Barbara and Mathias were married in Frederick, MD in 1784. Henry Jacob's brother, John Peter CRIST married Margaret MONG in Frederick, MD in 1797 and came to Warren Co., OH sometime after 1804. > > As Wayne has stated, their are gaps in the Maryland German Church Records with respect to Henry Jacob CRIST's family. Abstracts reviewed from the Frederick Co., MD. Book of Descents, equity listings of estate administrations intestate, indicate that Henry and his siblings were the children of Michael CRIST who died in 1796 or 1797. In "Colonial Maryland Naturalizations" three German CRISTS were naturalized in Frederick, MD on Sept. 24, 1765: Jacob CRIST, Michael CRIST and Philip CRIST. There are multiple listings for baptisms of the children of these three men. Michael CRIST married Mary Elizabeth Sturm in Frederick, MD Dec. 29, 1763. > > Henry Jacob CRIST's wife was Christina CASSEL. Christina is likely Anna Christina, the daughter of Johann Peter CASSELL born in Frederick, MD in 1764. Jo. Peter is likely the brother of Anna Barbara CASSEL, both children of Christian and Christina CASSELL and Anna Barbara is the wife of Adam LOY. So, we come full circle to Adam LOY's family, again. > > When we look at the marriages of the children Adam and Anna Barbara LOY's son, George Peter LOY and Nancy Foster Ruddle LOY we see the merging of three different family groups from three different German/American microcosms; Jacob(Mary), Nancy(Tice), Barbara(Matthew) and Catherine(Denus) married FRANK's( from the old German settlement in Herkimer Co., NY; Christina(George) and Adam(Sophia) married MINGLE's from Bedford Co., PA and Mary married Michael CRIST, the son of Henry Jacob and Christina CASSEL CRIST. > > Two other additions to Wayne's comments: I believe that Peter Loy's wife Catherine Temple was likely the daughter of Michael and Catherina Margaretha(HAEFFNER) TEMPLE who settled in Madison Township, Butler Co., OH from Frederick, MD. And for a final stretch, in reference to *** Henry Boomershine's status as a possibly escaped Hessian prisoner of war from Frederick. MD ***, in a Revolutionary War Pension Application for George Beckwith, Mr. Beckwith mentions as substantiation of his service to his country "that he was stationed at Frederick Town for the purpose of guarding the Hessians who were kept as prisoners of war in the old barracks at Frederick Town" and that " he was acquainted with Michael Crist and Jacob Crist the one a Captain and the other a Lieutenant in the Flying Camp(militia). > > Those are many of the connections, both real and imagined that I've come across with these family groups to date. I'm sure that are many not mentione d and even more yet to be discovered. Bob Goode

I meant the Revolutionary War Bonnie (Baker) Weber