Exerpt from "Liberty!" The American Revolution by Thomas Fleming, Pengquin, 1997 p.239 "Unlucky Major General Arthur St. Clair, surrendered Fort Ticonderoga to save his Continentals from capture - "He toyed with the possibility of replicating Bunker Hill in the northern woods etc." ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The principal characters involved in this military drama on the American side were Colonel Seth Warner, commander of the entire rear guard at Hubbardton as well as his own Green Mountain Boy Continental regiment and some Vermont militia; Colonel Ebenezer Francis, commander of the rear guard during its march from Mount Independence to Hubbardton, as well as his own 11th Massachusetts Continental regiment; and Colonel Nathan Hale, commander of the 2nd New Hampshire Continental regiment, who was also in command of a large group of invalids, walking sick, and stragglers. The total number of rear guard troops is estimated to have been nearly 1200. http://www.cet.middlebury.edu/mcgill/battle/intro.html Subject: Seth Warner, Colonel in the American Army Source: Source: American Military Biography of the Officers of the Revolution, pub. 1823 COLONEL SETH WARNER p.183 Among the persons who have performed important services to the State of Vermont, Colonel Seth Warner deserves to be remembered with respect. He was born at Woodbury, in the colony of Connecticut about the year 1744, of honest and respectable parents. Without any other advantages for an education than what were to be found in the common schools of the town, he was early distinguished by the solidity and extent of his understanding. About the year 1763, his parents purchased a tract of land in Bennington, and soon after re- moved to that town with their family. In the uncultivated state of the country, in the fish, with which the rivers and ponds were furnished and in the game, with which the woods abounded, young Warner found a variety of objects suited to his favorite inclinations and pursuits; and he soon became distinguished as a fortunate and indefatigable hunter. His father, Captain Benjamin Warner, had a strong inclination to medicinal inquiries and pursuits; and agreebly to the state of things in new settlements, had to look for many of his medicines in the natural virtues of the plants and roots, that were indigenous to the country. His son Seth frequently attended him in these botanical excursions, contracted something of his father's taste for the business, and acquired more information of the nature and properties of the indigenous plants and vegetables, than any other man in the country. By this kind of knowledge he became useful to the families in the new settlements, and ad- ministered relief in many cases, where no other medical assistance could at that time be procured. By such visits and practice, he became known to most of the families of the west side of the Green Mountains; and was generally esteemed by them a man highly useful, both on account of his information and humanity. p.184 About the year 1763, a scene began to open, which gave a new turn to his active and enter- prising spirit. The lands on which the settlements were made had been granted by the gov- ernors of New Hampshire. The government of New York claimed jurisdiction to the eastward as far as the Connecticut River; and announced to the inhabitants that they were within the territory of New York, and had no legal title to the lands on which they had settled. The controversy became very serious between the two governments and after some years spent in altercation, New York procured a decision of King George, in their favor. This order was dated July 20, 1764 and declared that "the western banks of the river Connecticut, from where it enters the province of Massachusetts Bay, as far north as the 45th degree of north- ern latitude, to be the boundary line between the said two provinces of New Hampshire and New York." No soon was this decree procured, than the governor of New York proceeded to make new grants of lands, which the settlers had before fairly bought of the crown, and which had been chartered to them in the king's name and authority by the royal governor of New Hampshire. All became a scene of disorder and danger. The new patentees under New York, brought actions of ejection against the settlers. The decisions of the courts at Albany were always in favor of the New York patentees; and nothing remained for the inhabitants but to buy their lands over again, or to give up the labors and earnings of their whole lives to the new claimers under the titles from New York. In this scene of oppression and distress, the settlers discovered the firm and vigorous spirit of manhood. All that was left to them, was either to yield up their whole property to a set of unfeeling land jobbers, or to defend themselves and property by force. They wisely and virtuously chose the latter; and by a kind of common consent, Ethan Allen and Seth Warner became their leaders. No man's abilities and talents could have been better suited to this business than Warner's. When the authority of New York proceeded with an armed force to attempt to execute their laws, Warner met them with a body of Green Mountain Boys, properly armed, full of resolution and so formidable in numbers and courage, that the governor of New York was obliged to give up this method of proceeding. When the sheriff came to extend his executions, and eject the settlers from their farms, Warner would not suffer him to proceed. Spies were employed to procure intelligence and promote division among the people; when any of them were taken, Warner caused them to be tried by some of the most discreet of the people; and if declared guilty, to be tied to a tree and whipped. An office came to take Warner by force; he considered it as an affair of open hostility and engaged, wounded and disarmed the officer, but with the honor and spirit of a soldier, spared the life of the enemy he had subdued. These services appeared in a very different light to the settlers and to the government of New York - the first considered him as an eminent patriot and to the other he appeared as the first of villains and rebels. To put an end to all further exertions and to bring him to an exemplary punishment, the government of New York, on March 9th 1774, passed an act of outlawry against him and a proclamation was issued by W. Tryon, governor of New York offering a reward of fifty pounds to any person who should apprehend Warner. These pro- ceedings of New York were beheld by him with contempt; and they had no effect upon the settlers, than to unite them more firmly in their opposition to that government and in their attachment to their own patriotic leader thus wantonly proscribed. In services of so dangerous and important a nature, Warner was engaged from the year 1765 to 1775. That year a scene of the highest magnitude and consequence opened upon the world. On the 19th of April, the American war was begun by the British troops at Lexington. Happily for the country, it was commenced with such circumstances of insolence and cruelty as left no room for the people of America to doubt what was the course which they ought to pursue. The time was come in which total subjection, or the horrors of war must take place. All America preferred the latter; and the people of the New Hampshire Grants immediately undertook to secure the British forts at Ticonderoga and Crown Point. Ethan Allen and Seth Warner engaged in the business. Allen took the command and Warner raised a body of excellent troops in the vicinity of Bennington and both marched against Ticonderoga. They surprised and took that fortress on the morning of the tenth of May; and Warner was sent the same day with a detachment of the troops to secure Crown Point. He effected the business, and secured the garrison, with all the war-like stores, for the use of the continent. The same year Warner received a commission from congress to raise a regiment, to assist in the reduction of Canada. He engaged in the business with his usual spirit of activity; raised his regiment chiefly among his old acquaintance and friends, the Green Mountain Boys and joined the army under the command of General Montgomery. The Honorable Samuel Safford of Bennington was his lieutenant colonel. Their regiment conducted with great spirit and acquired high applause in the action at Longuiel, in which the troops designed for the relief of St. Johns were totally defeated and dispersed, chiefly by the troops under the command of Colonel Warner. The campaign ended about the 20th of November in the course of which Ticonderoga, Crown Point, Chamblee, St. Johns, Montreal and a fleet of eleven sail of vessels had been captured by the American arms. No man in this campaign had acted with more spirit and enterprise than Colonel Warner. The weather was now become severe and Warner's men were too miserably clothed to bear a winter's campaign in the severe climate of Canada. p.186 They were accordingly now discharged by Montgomery, with particular marks of his respect, and the most affectionate thanks for their meritorious services. Warner returned with his men to the New Hampshire Grants, but his mind was more than ever engaged in the cause of his country. Montgomery with a part of his army, pressed on to Quebec, and on December 31st was slain in an attempt to carry the city by storm. This event gave an alarm to all the northern part of the colonies; and it became necessary to raise a re-enforcement to march to Quebec in the midst of winter. The difficulty of the business suited the genius and ardor of Warner's mind. He was at Woodbury in Connecticut when he heard the news of Montgomery's defeat and death; he instantly repaired to Bennington, raised a body of men and marched in the midst of the winter to join the American troops at Quebec. The campaign during the winter proved ex- tremely distressing to the Americans: in want of confortable clothing, barracks and provi- sions, most of them were taken by the smallpox and several died. At the opening of the spring in May 1776, a large body of British troops arrived at Quebec to relieve the garrison. The American troops were forced to abandon the blockade, with circumstances of great distress and confusion. Warner chose the most difficult part of the business, remaining always with the rear, picking up the lame and diseased, assisting and encouraging those who were the most unable to take care of themselves, and generally kept but a few miles in advance of the British, who were rapidly pursuing the retreating Americans from post to post. By steadily pur- suing this conduct, he brought off most of the invalids; and with this corps of the infirm and diseased, he arrived at Ticonderoga, a few days after the body of the army had taken possession of that post. p.186 cont'd Highly approving his extra-ordinary exertions, the American Congress on July 5, 1776, the day after they had declared independence, resolved to raise a regiment out of the troops which had served with reputation in Canada. Warner was appointed colonel, Safford, as a lieutenant colonel of this regiment; and most of the other officers were persons who had been distinguished by their opposition to the claims and proceedings of New York. By this appointment he was again placed in a situation perfectly agreeable to his inclination and genius; and in conformity to his orders he repaired to Ticonderoga, where he remained till the close of the campaign. On January 16, 1777, the convention of the New Hampshire Grants declared the whole district to be a sovereign and independent state, to be known and distinguished ever after by the name of Vermont. The committee of safety in New York were then sitting and on January 20th they announced the transaction to congress, complaining in high terms of the conduct of Vermont, censuring it as a dangerous revolt and opposition to lawful authority; and at the same time remonstrating against the proceedings of congress in appointing Warner to the p.187 command of a regiment independent of the legislature, and within the bounds of that state; "especially, said they, as this Colonel Warner hath been constantly and invariably opposed to the legislature of this state, and hath been, on that account, proclaimed an outlaw by the late government thereof. It is absolutely necessary to recall the commissions given to Colonel Warner and the officers under him, as othing else will do us justice." No measures were taken by congress at that time, either to interfere in the civil contest between the two states or to remove the colonel from his command. Anxious to effect this purpose, the convention of New York wrote further on the subject, on March 1st, and among other things declared, "that there was not the least probability that Colonel Warner could raise such a number of men as would be an object of public concern." Congress still declined to dismiss so valuable an officer from their service. On June 23rd congress was obliged to take up the controversy between New York and Vermont; but instead of proceeding to disband Colonel Warner's regiment, on June 30th, they resolved: "that the reason which induced congress to form that corps, was, that many officers of the different states who had served in Canada and alledged that they could soon raise a regiment, but were then unprovided for, might be reinstated in the service of the United States." Nothing can give us a more just idea of the sentiments which the American congress entertained of the patriotic and military virtues of Colonel Warner, than their refusing to give him up to the repeated solicitations and demand of so respectable and powerful a state as that of New York. The American army stationed at Ticonderoga were forced to abandon that fortress, on July 6, 1777, in a very precipitate and irregular manner. Colonel Warner with his regiment re- treated along the western part of Vermont, through the towns of Orwell, Sudbury and Hubbardton. At the last of these towns, the advanced corps of the British army overtook the rear of the American troops on the morning of July 7th. The American army, all but part of three regiments, were gone forward; these were part of Hale's, Francis' and Warner's regiments. The enemy attacked them with superior numbers and the highest prospect of success. Warner and Francis opposed them with great spirit and vigor; and no officers or troops could have discovered more courage and firmness than they displayed through the whole action. Large re-enforcements of the enemy arriving, it became impossible to make any effectual opposition. Francis fell in a most honorable discharge of his duty. Hale surrendered with his regiment. Surrounded on every side by the enemy, but calm and undaunted, Colonel Warner fought his way through all opposition, brought off the troops that refused to capitulate along with Hale, checked the enemy in their pursuit, and contrary to all expectation, arrived safe with his troops at Manchester. p. 158 To the northward of that town the whole country was deserted. The colonel determined to make a stand at that place; encouraged by his example and firmness, a body of the militia joined him; and he was once more, in a situation to protect the inhabitants, harrass the enemy and break up the advanced parties. On the 16th of August the vicinity of Bennington became the seat of a memorable battle. Colonel Baum had been despatched by General Burgoyne to attack the American Troops and destroy the magazines at Bennington. General Stark who commanded at that place, had intelligence of the approach of the enemy; and sent orders on the morning of the 16th to Colonel Warner at Manchester, to march immediately to his assistance. In the mean time Stark with the troops which were assembled at Bennington, had attacked the enemy under Col. Baum, and after a severe action had captured the whole body. Just as the action was finished, intelligence was received that a large re-enforcement of the enemy had arrived. Fatigued and exhausted by so long and severe an action, Stark was doubtful whether it was possible for his troops to enter immediately upon another battle with a fresh body of the enemy. At that critical moment, Warner arrived with his troops from Manchester. Mortified that he had not been in the action he urged Stark immediately to commence another action. Stark consented and the colonel instantly led on his men to battle. The Americans rallied from every part of the field, and the second action became as fierce and decisive as the first. The enemy gave way in every direction; great numbers of them were slain, and the rest saved themselves altogether by the darkness of the night. Stark ascribed the last victory mery much to Colonels Warner and Herrick; and spoke in the highest terms of their superior information and activity, as that to which he principally owed his success. The success at Bennington gave a decisive turn to the affairs of that campaign. Stark, Warner and the other officers, with their troops, joined the army under Gen. Gates. Victory everywhere followed the attempts of the northern army; and the campaign terminated in the surrender of Burgoyne and his whole army, at Saratoga, on October 17, 1777. The contest in the northern department being in a great measure decided by the capture of Burgoyne, Warner had no further opportunity to discover his prowess of defence of his beloved state; but served occasionally at different places on Hudson's River, as the circumstances of the war required. Depairing of success in the northern parts, the enemy carried the war into the southern states; and neither New York or Vermont any longer re- mained the places of distinguished enterprise. But such had been the fatigues and exertions of the colonel, that when he returned to his family in Bennington, his constitution, naturally firm and vigorous, appeared to be worn down; and nature declined under a complication of disorders, occasioned by excessive labors and sufferings he had passed through. Most of the men who have been engaged with uncommon ardor in the cause of their country, have been so swallowed up with the patriotic passion, as to neglect that attention to their private interests which other men pursue as the ruling passion. Thus it proved with Colonel Warner; intent at first upon saving the state, and afterwards upon saving a country, his mind was so entirely engaged in those pursuits, that he had not made that provision for his family, which to most of the politicians and land-jobbers was the ultimate end of all their measures and exertions. With a view the better to support his family he removed to Wood- bury; where in the year 1785 he ended an active and useful life, in high estimation among his friends and countrymen. His family had derived little or no estate from his services. After his death they applied to the general assembly of Vermont for a grant of land. The assembly, with a spirit of justice and generosity, remembered the services of Colonerl Warner, took up the petition and granted a valuable tract of land to his widow and family. A measure highly honorable to the memory of Colonel Warner and of that assembly (see also Williams' Vermont.) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Transcribed by Janice Farnsworth

Dear All: Some volunteers from the society of the Daughters of the American Revolution ( DAR) have established a wonderful new program for users of Rootsweb. These volunteers will do lookups in their database and records if you think one of your ancestors served in some capacity during the American Revolution. These volunteers have more databases that are available to them than the ones commonly used by the search engines. You can then also find out if others have become DAR members by using that Ancestor. This may show you other descendants and also provide some documentation that you may be able to use in your application! The process is fairly simple : Go to the DAR message board: There are two ways to do that: > www.rootsweb.com > message boards > topics > organizations and societies > DAR Or if you want the easy way :-) http://boards.ancestry.com/mbexec?htx=board&r=rw&p=topics.organizations.dar Address your message as follows: subject : DAR Lookup > surname> location > dates In the body of the message put the information regarding the person, Be sure to fill out the surnames box at the bottom since the new search engine will be keying on that item. Leave the email response box checked and you will be notified when the DAR volunteers respond . Give them a week or so to get to your request. We really appreciate their efforts. This info can be key for: a: joining these prestigious organizations ( DAR & SAR) b: sending a request for the copies of the files that were submitted and the information they have available. Many thanks to: Glenda Thompson DAR VIS Volunteer Vice Chrm. Patriot Lookup for organizing this effort and all the many volunteers that are donating their time and effort to us instead of pursuing their own ancestors, Best Regards John A Hansen DAR board admin. BTW: Please forward this message to other lists and boards that each of you are involved in. A word of thanks to each volunteer that does this work and especially the one that responds to your post would probably be highly appreciated.

Anybody out there know anything about Maj. John Pearson. He was from the Broad River area of SC. He became a General in the South Carolina militia in the war of 1812. His wife is Sarah Raiford. I believe he fought with Marion in the Southern campaigns. But, I would like to find more info about him or places for literature to find out about my ancestor. Thanks John Philip Adams 125 Red Bud Lane Baytown, Texas 77529 281.424.4952 Voice 281.838.0031 Fax jadams3@pdq.net

Anyone working on this Co. and Regiment. I am trying to find the geographic area of recruitment for solders in this company. I am lead to believe that broadly speaking that the men came from Hampshire Co., MA, which in those days also included Hampden and Franklin counties. I am looking for more precision as to towns/townships, etc. Thanx Don Dickason Genealogy interest in: Dickason, Hamilton, Cadwallader, Himes, Garrett, Wisely, Steinberg, Blair, Lindsay, Zahn, Borchward(t), Biesterfeldt, Brand(t)

Is anybody working on Rev War soldier Dickason/Dickson/Dixon etc. out of Hampshire county MA? Thanx, Don Dickason Genealogy interest in: Dickason, Hamilton, Cadwallader, Himes, Garrett, Wisely, Steinberg, Blair, Lindsay, Zahn, Borchward(t), Biesterfeldt, Brand(t)

If you like looking at photos of people having fun, I've uploaded four pages of photos of last nights 1st Annual George and Martha Washington Cotillion to my website, beginning at: http://www.americanrevolution.org/cotillion.html Best regards, Ed -- For Revolutionary War information on the Internet, your first choice should be AMERICANREVOLUTION.ORG

Hi Margaret, That is one of the things that interested me about the American Revolution, it wasn't the American Revolution we learned about in elementary school or learned about through movies. In the Pennsylvania militia soldiers between 18 and 53 were drafted, they served about two months, militia units were organized by county and then township so soldiers fought with the people from their community so as to provide more cohesion within the units. Troops were organized in classes, then the state would call up the first class of the Lancaster County, Pa. militia (for example) and all the first class troops would muster in Lancaster and go where directed. If calling up the first class didn't gather up enough troops then the second class would be called up. There were 8 classes in all. The next time they needed troops they would call the next class in rotation. I think most of the states were organized in the same way, I think Congress offered suggestions on how to organize the militia. I was first made aware of this, especially the information on the draft by an article in the Pa. Genealogical Magazine by Hanna Benner Roach called "The Pennsylvania Militia in 1777". I was so amazed at how this varied from what I had been taught I found the Pennsylvania Gazette on microfilm for March 1777 and found the newspaper announcement and description of the new draft law. There is an article on the web page of the Conestoga Area Historical Society at http://www.rootsweb.com/~pacahs/index.htm that provides a liitle more detail if your interested. Jim > Margaret Driskill wrote: > > <snip> > . You > need to pay attention to when he served, generally enlistments were > for 2 > months, what class he was in and when he served. ,snip> > > How very interesting! That is why I love this LIST so much. I learn > something new every single day, but this is quite a bomb shell. I > have never, ever read this before. Would one of you kind scholars > please go into more depth on the "general time of enlistment", for me, > please? > > Thank you, > Warmest Regards, > Margaret Grove Driskill > mdriskill@att.net > > -- =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Conestoga Area Historical Society Web Page =-= Stokes Family Web Page http://www.rootsweb.com/~pacahs/index.htm =-= http://home.supernet.com/~jlstokes =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Good Morning All Can anyone tell me if there might be a place where I could find records of who furnished supplies for the war in Virginia. Would they likely be supplied somewhat consistently from one central entity. Right now, I'm looking specifically for Fort Chiswell, in VA. But would like to read other info on those who supplied troops. There is a John Lowder who took salt to Chiswell from Williamsburg and I'm wondering if there might be other places where he hauled other supplies. Thank you Eleen eleen@netutah.com

GENERAL ISRAEL PUTNAM His Life http://members.tripod.com/~compmast/putnam/putnam.html ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes" - --- General Israel Putnam at the Battle of Bunker Hill, 1775 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- The first biography of an American written by an American --- David Humphrey's biography of Israel Putnam ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Stories and Photographs Putnam's Early Life - The Wolf Den Ancestors, Family, and Childhood of Israel Putnam Putnam's Experiences in the French and Indian War - His Capture Putnam Goes to Lexington Putnam at The Battle of Bunker Hill (Breed's Hill) "Connecticut's Valley Forge" - Putnam Memorial State Park in Redding, Connecticut Putnam's Horseneck Escape - Greenwich, Connecticut Putnam's Last Years

This is excellent! Has letters from George Washington to the Indians of Maine, lists those Indians who fought. The file is from the records of the Androscoggin Historical Society. <A HREF="ftp://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/me/war/arw/indians/sj6p105.txt"> ftp://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/me/war/arw/indians/sj6p105.txt</A>

Resolutions of the Second Continental Congress http://www.potomac-inc.org/597mil1.html 18 July 1775 Continental Congress Report of the Committee for Putting the Militia into a Proper State of Defense Source: Journal of the Continental Congress, II, p. 187- 190. The militia resolutions of the Second Continental Congress were made almost a full year before the Declaration of Independence. The Declaration of Independence states that when a government is abolished or alter new government is instituted. The preliminary steps to form a new government were underway long before the Declaration of Independence was written. The concern expressed in the Warren letter was that eventhough the revolutionary militias' cause was just and they enjoyed popular support an undisciplined and uncontrolled military force was potentially dangerous to public order. These resolutions of the Continental Congress established civilian control over the militia forces. The militia forces proved inadequate to resist the British army. The next year the Continental Congress created the Continental Army, the first true military force of the new nation, under the command of General Washington. Continental Congress Recommendation to Raise Militias Resolved, That it be recommended to the inhabitants of all the united English Colonies in North America, that all able bodied effective men, between sixteen and fifty years of age in each colony, immediately form themselves into regular companies of Militia, to consist of one Captain, two lieutenants, one ensign, four sergeant, four corporals, one clerk, one drummer, one fifer, and about 68 privates. Resolved, That the officers of each company be chosen by the respective companies. Resolved, That each soldier be furnished with a good musket, that will carry an ounce ball, with a bayonet, steel ramrod, worm, priming wire and brush fitted thereto, a cutting sword or tomahawk, a cartridge-box, that will contain 23 rounds of cartridges, twelve flints and a knapsack. Resolved, That the companies be formed in regiments or battalions, officered with a colonel, lieutenant colonel, two majors, and adjutant, and quarter master. Resolved, That all officers above the rank of captain be appointed by their respective provincial assemblies or conventions, or in their recess, by the committees of safety appointed by said assemblies and conventions. Resolved, that all the Militia take proper care to acquire military skill, and be well prepared for defense by being each man provided with one pound of good gun powder, and four pounds of ball, fitted to his gun. Resolved, That one fourth part of the militia of every colony be selected for minute men, of such persons as are willing to enter into this necessary service, formed into companies and battalions, and their officers chosen and commissioned as aforesaid, to be ready on the shortest notice, to march to any place where their assistance may be required for the defense of their own or a neighboring colony; and as these minute men may eventually be called to action before the whole body of the militia are sufficiently trained, it is recommended that a more particular and diligent attention be paid to their instruction in military discipline. Resolved, That such of the minute men, as desire it, be relieved by new draughts as aforesaid, from the whole body of the militia, once in four months. Resolved, As there are some people, who, from religious principles, cannot bear arms in any case, this Congress intend no violence to their consciences, but earnestly recommend it to them, to contribute liberally in this time of universal calamity, to the relief of their distressed brethren in the several colonies, and to do all other services to their oppressed country, which they can consistently with their religious principles. Resolved, that it be recommended to the assemblies or conventions in the respective colonies to provide, as soon as possible, sufficient stores of ammunition for their colonies; also that they devise proper means for furnishing with arms, such effective men as are poor and unable to furnish themselves. Resolved, that it be recommended to each colony to appoint a committee of safety, to superintend and direct all matters necessary for the security and defense of their respective colonies, in the recess of their assemblies and conventions. Resolved, That each colony, at their own expense, make such provision by armed vessels or otherwise, as their respective assemblies, conventions, or committees of safety shall judge expedient and suitable to their circumstances and situation, for the protection of their harbors and navigation of their sea coasts, against all unlawful invasions, attacks, and depredations, from cutters and ships of war. Resolved, That it be recommended to the makers of arms for the use of the Militia, that they make good substantial muskets, with barrels three feet and half in length, that will carry an ounce ball, and fitted with a good bayonet and steel ram-rod, and that the making such arms be encouraged in these United Colonies. Resolved, Where in any colony a militia is already formed under regulations approved of by the convention or such colony or by such assemblies as are annually elective, we refer to the discretion of such convention or assembly, either to adopt the foregoing regulations in a whole or in part or to continue their former as they on consideration of all circumstances, shall think best.

http://www.constitution.org/jw/jbwhisker.htm Best regards, Ed -- For Revolutionary War information on the Internet, your first choice should be AMERICANREVOLUTION.ORG

1775 The enlistment and retention problems of the Continental Army were staggering for a commander. Most of the enlistments were of one year’s duration, many of the men had families, farms, and businesses which were suffering without them, and often an enlistee would leave at will. There were no formalized regulations in place, little in the way of supplies, and minimal regard for following orders. The articles of war, which were loosely based on the British Articles of War, decreed that the army should act as though they were in polite society, attend church, and avoid drunkenness, but although death was the sentence for some major crimes, courts-martial were not allowed to punish with any more than thirty-nine lashes, or fine a soldier more than two months pay, or imprison a deserter for more than a month. Washington had his work cut out for him! Brigadier General Horatio Gates was requested to issue recruiting orders in the hope that the Continental Army could attract a more committed and dedicated class of soldier. http://www.ctssar.org/monthly_history/y1775july.htm

There are lists of those who served in the Revolution in the printed Pa. Archives. Check at a university library or you can rent it from the Mormon Family History Library. Most libraries in Pa. have the printed Pa. Archives. The revolutionary war material is in the 5th and 6th series, the index to the 5th series is in the 6th series, the index to the 6th series is the 7th series. The Commonwealth of Pa. has some lists on their web page but this is only a very small fraction of the millions of names in the printed Pa. Archives. If you've already seen the material from the printed Pa. archives or know where your ancestor lived then check the county history for the county where he lived. People were organized in the militia by county and township. You need to pay attention to when he served, generally enlistments were for 2 months, what class he was in and when he served. The web page of the Conestoga Area Historical Society has background information on serving in the Revolutionary War from Pa. The url is; http://www.rootsweb.com/~pacahs/index.htm choose the Revolutionary War menu and then the article on background information. Good luck. Jim Michele Vargo wrote: > > I am looking for any information on the 7th Co., 4th batt. Pa Militia. I > have a patriot ancestor who served in this company and would like any and > all information. Please help if you can. Thanks and Happy Thanksgiving to > all. > Michele Vargo > > ==== AMERICAN-REVOLUTION Mailing List ==== > > ============================== > Visit Ancestry.com for a FREE 14-Day Trial and enjoy access to the #1 > Source for Family History Online. Go to: > http://www.ancestry.com/rd/redir.asp?targetid=702&sourceid=1237 -- =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Conestoga Area Historical Society Web Page =-= Stokes Family Web Page http://www.rootsweb.com/~pacahs/index.htm =-= http://home.supernet.com/~jlstokes =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

<snip> . You need to pay attention to when he served, generally enlistments were for 2 months, what class he was in and when he served. ,snip> How very interesting! That is why I love this LIST so much. I learn something new every single day, but this is quite a bomb shell. I have never, ever read this before. Would one of you kind scholars please go into more depth on the "general time of enlistment", for me, please? Thank you, Warmest Regards, Margaret Grove Driskill mdriskill@att.net

Hi All I want to thank all who took the time to try to help me find Cokes Town, PA that was mentioned in the Pension Papers of my ancestor Henry THOMAS. Everyone came up with such imaginative suggestions :-) By accident I think I may have solved my problem. I was looking for old maps and I went to PAGenWeb>Dauphin County>Site Map>Old Place Names. One of the names that they had listed was: Coxetown - in Susquehanna Twp., on the banks of the Susquehanna River. This would place it just north of Harrisburg on the river. Since the Pension Papers said they used nine boats to transport the munitions, it sounded like both the beginning and ending town were both on the Susquehanna River. And Sunbury, PA to Coxetown, PA would be just about 45 miles. Thanks again for your help. Lin Morin LinLB5@Ashlandnet.net

I am looking for any information on the 7th Co., 4th batt. Pa Militia. I have a patriot ancestor who served in this company and would like any and all information. Please help if you can. Thanks and Happy Thanksgiving to all. Michele Vargo

http://cgi.ebay.aol.com/aw-cgi/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=1486276350 Item Description: The History of St. Albans, VT., Civil, Religious, Biographical, and Statistical. By L. L. Ducher, A. M., With contributions by others. with a fine portrait, engraved on steel of Ex - Gov. J. Gregory Smith, President of the Northern Pacific and Vermont Central Railroads, and the History of Sheldon, VT., by H. R. Whitney, et al., St. Albans, 1872. HC, illustrated, original covers, worn, with taped binding, a few pages half loose. former library reference book. Proceeds to benefit the Friends of Pollard Library, Lowell, MA. http://cgi.ebay.aol.com/aw-cgi/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=1486207907 Item Description: 1774 - 1874, Centennial Proceedings and other Historical Facts and incidents relating to Newfane, The County Seat of Windham County, Vermont, Brattleboro, 1877. Published by the town. HC, illustrated, full of biographies. Former library reference book in great shape. Proceeds to benefit the Friends of Pollard Library, Lowell, MA. http://cgi.ebay.aol.com/aw-cgi/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=1486179259 Item Description: by Rev. Amos Foster, Ludlow, 1884. illustrated, indexed, with biographies. HC, covers worn, binding taped. former library reference book. Proceeds to benefit the Friends of Pollard Library, Lowell, MA. http://cgi.ebay.aol.com/aw-cgi/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=1486177603 Item Description: The History of Louisiana, Particularly of the Cession of that Colony to the United States of America, with an Introductory Essay on the Constitution and Government of the United States, by Barbe Marbois, Translated from the French by an American Citizen, Philadelphia, 1830. HC, covers protected by library dustjackets, worn off at binding. Former library reference book, proceeds to benefit Friends of the Pollard Library, Lowell, MA. http://cgi.ebay.aol.com/aw-cgi/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=1485892093 Item Description: A History of the Town of Fairhaven, VT., by Andrew N. Adams, Fairhaven, 1870. HC, illustrated, lots of foldout maps, biographies. HC, former library reference book, covers worn, binding taped. Proceeds to benefit the Friends of Pollard Library, Lowell, MA. http://cgi.ebay.aol.com/aw-cgi/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=1485890142 A Item Description: by John M. Weeks. Middlebury, VT, 1860. HC, illustrated, lots of biographies, former library reference book. Proceeds to benefit Friends of the Pollard Library, Lowell, MA. And two other books concerning Vermont from the same seller/library reference books: Interesting item on eBay-AOL web site item#1485893538: History of Whitingham, VT, 1886 Interesting item on eBay-AOL web site item#1485893538: History of Whiting.. Rhonda Houston

1. A few weeks back I posted finding online Benjamin J. Lossing's 1850 "THE PICTORIAL FIELD-BOOK OF THE REVOLUTION" and 1869 "THE PICTORIAL FIELD BOOK OF THE WAR OF 1812 " (the latter "in progress") at http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~wcarr1/lossing.htm 2. A major difficulty with the original version of this huge work is that of finding something in particular. It has a voluminous table of contents, but no index. I have been kibitzing with the website owner to add a means of searching the online version. We have a workable (albeit not perfect) one at http://jrshelby.com/lossingsearch.htm which I would suggest as an entry point to the main site. 3. I tried 3 different freebie online search engines before selecting this one. The site map feature is provided by a different service, and while you can search from there, I don't recommend doing so. 4. You will be told on the search link (2, above) that a search will take you to the beginning of the chapter(s) (webpages) containing the desired material. When you arrive at a chapter, you can find the material at its location in the chapter by using your browser's built-in search function (Control-F or Edit/Find), then find additional locations of the same text by using your browser's "Find next" feature. 5. I have added a few instructions on the search page (2, above) but plan to add an expanded "search tips" section. If you have comments in regard to the search functions, please address them to jr@jrshelby.com (and not to the list). 6. The guy who did the huge amount of work to put this site online is Bill Carr, wcarr1@nycap.rr.com (not a listmember). If you've never done this kind of thing, your mind would be boggled at the manhours required. 7. I hope that you find this site to be as enjoyable as I have. It is like travelling back in time over 150 years and seeing many of these sites as they looked then, and hearing their history as known by those at the sites living only 70 years or so after they occurred. It may not be time travel, but for a history buff, it comes close!

Rutland, Vermont Revolutionary War Pensioners 1835 Index of Pensioners http://www.usgennet.org/usa/vt/county/rutland/rev/index.html