In a message dated 00-07-16 18:47:48 EDT, you write: If you really want to research your family to see if there is a connection then it is very important that you understand the time and why Indians were hated and anyone that married or had anything to do with Indians were hated. While I try to look objectively at the information for research purposes, I find it difficult , and the info raises many other questions and concerns for me. For example, I don't understanding why the Indians were hated. When outsiders invaded their land and took it away from them. Also, how can you consider the crimes hate crimes when the Indians were retaliating and trying to protect what was theirs. How would you feel, and what would you do to protect what is yours if someone tried to take it away from you because they viewed what you had as valuable and felt you were less than them, and not worthy of it or worth enough to own it? Many Indian children were killed and/or separated from their parents too. Much in the same way as Black families were separated. In today's political correctness...what would you consider that? Emily